Translation Source string Target string
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_libelf — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Installed directory
安装的目录
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_gawk — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<command>rm -f /usr/bin/gawk-&gawk-version;</command>
<command>gawk-&gawk-version;</command>
Linux From Scratch/chapter09_symlinks — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Even if the custom udev rule file is created, udev may still assign one or more alternative names for a NIC based on physical characteristics. If a custom udev rule would rename some NIC using a name already assigned as an alternative name of another NIC, this udev rule will fail. If this issue happens, you may create the <filename>/etc/udev/network/99-default.link</filename> configuration file with an empty alternative assignment policy, overriding the default configuration file <filename>/usr/lib/udev/network/99-default.link</filename>:
 
Linux From Scratch/appendices_dependencies — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Acl, Libcap, and Patch
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The <quote><parameter>-</parameter></quote> instructs <command>su</command> to start a login shell as opposed to a non-login shell. The difference between these two types of shells is described in detail in <ulink role='man' url='&man;bash.1'>bash(1)</ulink> and <command>info bash</command>.
参数 <quote><parameter>-</parameter></quote> 使得 <command>su</command> 启动一个登录 shell，而不是非登录 shell。您可以阅读 <filename>bash(1)</filename> 和 <command>info bash</command> 详细了解它们的区别。
Linux From Scratch/prologue_typography — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
This format is used to refer to a specific manual (man) page. The number inside parentheses indicates a specific section inside the manuals. For example, <command>passwd</command> has two man pages. Per LFS installation instructions, those two man pages will be located at <filename>/usr/share/man/man1/passwd.1</filename> and <filename>/usr/share/man/man5/passwd.5</filename>. When the book uses <ulink role='man' url='&man;/passwd.5'>passwd(5)</ulink> it is specifically referring to <filename>/usr/share/man/man5/passwd.5</filename>. <command>man passwd</command> will print the first man page it finds that matches <quote>passwd,</quote> which will be <filename>/usr/share/man/man1/passwd.1</filename>. For this example, you will need to run <command>man 5 passwd</command> in order to read the page being specified. Note that most man pages do not have duplicate page names in different sections. Therefore, <command>man <replaceable>&lt;program name&gt;</replaceable></command> is generally sufficient. In the LFS book these references to man pages are also hyperlinks, so clicking on such a reference will open the man page rendered in HTML from <ulink url='https://man.archlinux.org/'>Arch Linux manual pages</ulink>.
以上格式被用于引用特定的手册 (man) 页面。数字表明页面来自系统手册中的某一节。例如，<command>passwd</command> 有两个 man 页面。LFS 安装命令将它们安装在 <filename>/usr/share/man/man1/passwd.1</filename> 和 <filename>/usr/share/man/man5/passwd.5</filename>。当本书使用 <filename>passwd(5)</filename> 时，它特指 man 页面 <filename>/usr/share/man/man5/passwd.5</filename>。<command>man passwd</command> 会显示它找到的第一个匹配 <quote>passwd</quote> 的 man 页面，即 <filename>/usr/share/man/man1/passwd.1</filename>。对于本例，您需要执行 <command>man 5 passwd</command> 才能阅读指定的 man 页面。多数 man 页面在各个章节中并不存在重名。因此，<command>man <replaceable>&lt;程序名&gt;</replaceable></command> 一般是足够的。
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_bash — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="test">su -s /usr/bin/expect tester &lt;&lt; "EOF"
set timeout -1
spawn make tests
expect eof
lassign [wait] _ _ _ value
exit $value
EOF</userinput>
<userinput remap="test">su tester &lt;&lt; EOF
PATH=$PATH make tests &lt; $(tty)
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_vim — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="test">su tester -c "TERM=xterm-256color LANG=en_US.UTF-8 make -j1 test" \
&amp;> vim-test.log</userinput>
<userinput remap="test">su tester -c "LANG=en_US.UTF-8 make -j1 test" &amp;> vim-test.log</userinput>
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_procps — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
One test named <literal>ps with output flag bsdtime,cputime,etime,etimes</literal> is known to fail if the host kernel is not built with <literal>CONFIG_BSD_PROCESS_ACCT</literal> enabled.
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_lz4 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Short Descriptions
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter07_createfiles — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Some packages need a locale.
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_systemd — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<parameter>-D install-tests=false</parameter>
<parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter>
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_sysklogd — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/syslog.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin /etc/syslog.conf

auth,authpriv.* -/var/log/auth.log
*.*;auth,authpriv.none -/var/log/sys.log
daemon.* -/var/log/daemon.log
kern.* -/var/log/kern.log
mail.* -/var/log/mail.log
user.* -/var/log/user.log
*.emerg *

# Do not open any internet ports.
secure_mode 2

# End /etc/syslog.conf</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/syslog.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin /etc/syslog.conf

auth,authpriv.* -/var/log/auth.log
*.*;auth,authpriv.none -/var/log/sys.log
daemon.* -/var/log/daemon.log
kern.* -/var/log/kern.log
mail.* -/var/log/mail.log
user.* -/var/log/user.log
*.emerg *

# End /etc/syslog.conf</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch/chapter01_whatsnew — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Setuptools-&setuptools-version;
Binutils-&binutils-version;
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_python — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
For a relatively slow system you may need to increase the time limit and 1 SBU (measured when building Binutils pass 1 with one CPU core) should be enough. Some tests are flaky, so the test suite will automatically re-run failed tests. If a test failed but then passed when re-run, it should be considered as passed. One test, test_ssl, is known to fail in the chroot environment.
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter07_cleanup — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Because the backup archive is compressed, it takes a relatively long time (over 10 minutes) even on a reasonably fast system.
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter04_settingenviron — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
By putting <filename class="directory">$LFS/tools/bin</filename> ahead of the standard <envar>PATH</envar>, the cross-compiler installed at the beginning of <xref linkend="chapter-cross-tools"/> is picked up by the shell immediately after its installation. This, combined with turning off hashing, limits the risk that the compiler from the host is used instead of the cross-compiler.
我们将 <filename class="directory">$LFS/tools/bin</filename> 附加在默认的 <envar>PATH</envar> 环境变量之前，这样在<xref linkend="chapter-cross-tools"/>中，我们一旦安装了新的程序，shell 就能立刻使用它们。这与关闭散列功能相结合，降低了在第 5 章环境中新程序可用时错误地使用宿主系统中旧程序的风险。
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_glibc — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
This option tells the build system that this Glibc may be used with kernels as old as &min-kernel;. This means generating workarounds in case a system call introduced in a later version cannot be used.
该选项告诉构建系统 Glibc 可能被与 &min-kernel; 这样老版本的内核一起使用。这样，Glibc 会生成代码，在后续版本引入的系统调用不可用时绕过它们。
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_grub — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
This option minimizes what is built by disabling a feature and eliminating some test programs not needed for LFS.
该选项通过禁用 LFS 不需要的特性和测试程序，最小化需要构建的内容。
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_iproute2 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
bridge, ctstat (link to lnstat), genl, ifstat, ip, lnstat, nstat, routel, rtacct, rtmon, rtpr, rtstat (link to lnstat), ss, and tc
bridge, ctstat (到 lnstat 的链接), genl, ifcfg, ifstat, ip, lnstat, nstat, routef, routel, rtacct, rtmon, rtpr, rtstat (到 lnstat 的链接), ss, 以及 tc
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_psmisc — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_make — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_bash — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The test suite uses <command>diff</command> to detect the difference between test script output and the expected output. Any output from <command>diff</command> (prefixed with <computeroutput>&lt;</computeroutput> and <computeroutput>&gt;</computeroutput>) indicates a test failure, unless there is a message saying the difference can be ignored. One test named <filename>run-builtins</filename> is known to fail on some host distros with a difference on the first line of the output.
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_patch — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_libpipeline — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_xml-parser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_dejagnu — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_openssl — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="install">cp -vfr doc/* /usr/share/doc/openssl-&openssl-version;</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">mv -v /usr/share/doc/openssl /usr/share/doc/openssl-&openssl-version;
cp -vfr doc/* /usr/share/doc/openssl-&openssl-version;</userinput>
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_m4 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_zlib — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
libz.so
libz.{a,so}
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_gzip — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_diffutils — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter09_consoled — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Please note that the <command>localectl</command> command doesn't work in the chroot environment. It can only be used after the LFS system is booted with systemd.
请注意 <command>localectl</command> 只能在 systemd 引导的系统上使用。
Linux From Scratch/chapter06_file — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="install">rm -v $LFS/usr/lib/libmagic.la</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">make DESTDIR=$LFS install</userinput>
Linux From Scratch/chapter11_reboot — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Unmount the LFS file system itself:
解除 LFS 文件系统本身的挂载：
Linux From Scratch/chapter11_afterlfs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
This method requires installing <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libtasn1.html">libtasn1</ulink>, <ulink url="&blfs-book;postlfs/p11-kit.html">p11-kit</ulink>, <ulink url="&blfs-book;postlfs/make-ca.html">make-ca</ulink>, <ulink url="&blfs-book;basicnet/wget.html">wget</ulink>, <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/gpm.html">gpm</ulink>, and <ulink url="&blfs-book;basicnet/links.html">links</ulink> (or <ulink url="&blfs-book;basicnet/lynx.html">lynx</ulink>) in chroot and then rebooting into the new LFS system. At this point the default system has six virtual consoles. Switching consoles is as easy as using the <keycombo> <keycap>Alt</keycap> <keycap>Fx</keycap> </keycombo> key combinations where <keycap>Fx</keycap> is between <keycap>F1</keycap> and <keycap>F6</keycap>. The <keycombo> <keycap>Alt</keycap> <keycap function='left'/> </keycombo> and <keycombo> <keycap>Alt</keycap> <keycap function='right'/> </keycombo> combinations also will change the console.
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter05_linux-headers — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter05_gcc-pass1 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
This option specifies the version of Glibc which will be used on the target. It is not relevant to the libc of the host distro because everything compiled by pass1 GCC will run in the chroot environment, which is isolated from libc of the host distro.
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter01_askforhelp — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
This is not enough information to diagnose the problem, because it only notes that something went wrong, not <emphasis>what</emphasis> went wrong. The entire section, as in the example above, is what should be saved because it includes the command that was executed and all the associated error messages.
这一行只告诉我们某些事情出问题了，而完全没有说明<emphasis>哪里</emphasis>出了问题。而上面的一段输出包含了出现问题的命令行和相关的错误消息，这是我们需要的。
Linux From Scratch/part3intro_generalinstructions — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Follow the instructions for building the package.
根据书中的指示构建软件包。
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_flit-core — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
This command installs the package.
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter05_libstdc__ — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
This specifies the installation directory for include files. Because Libstdc++ is the standard C++ library for LFS, this directory should match the location where the C++ compiler (<command>$LFS_TGT-g++</command>) would search for the standard C++ include files. In a normal build, this information is automatically passed to the Libstdc++ <command>configure</command> options from the top level directory. In our case, this information must be explicitly given. The C++ compiler will prepend the sysroot path <filename class="directory">$LFS</filename> (specified when building GCC-pass1) to the include file search path, so it will actually search in <filename class="directory">$LFS/tools/$LFS_TGT/include/c++/&gcc-version;</filename>. The combination of the <parameter>DESTDIR</parameter> variable (in the <command>make install</command> command below) and this switch causes the headers to be installed there.
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_shadow — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<parameter>--with-{b,yes}crypt</parameter>
<parameter>--with-group-name-max-length=32</parameter>
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_pkgconf — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
pkgconf, pkg-config (link to pkgconf), and bomtool
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_libxcrypt — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="test">make check</userinput>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter10_grub — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The <command>insmod</command> commands load the <application>GRUB</application> modules named <filename>part_gpt</filename> and <filename>ext2</filename>. Despite the naming, <filename>ext2</filename> actually supports <systemitem class='filesystem'>ext2</systemitem>, <systemitem class='filesystem'>ext3</systemitem>, and <systemitem class='filesystem'>ext4</systemitem> filesystems. The <command>grub-install</command> command has embedded some modules into the main <application>GRUB</application> image (installed into the MBR or the GRUB BIOS partition) to access the other modules (in <filename class='directory'>/boot/grub/i386-pc</filename>) without a chicken-or-egg issue, so with a typical configuration these two modules are already embedded and those two <command>insmod</command> commands will do nothing. But they do no harm anyway, and they may be needed with some rare configurations.
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_gawk — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The building system will not recreate the hard link <filename>gawk-&gawk-version;</filename> if it already exists. Remove it to ensure that the previous hard link installed in <xref linkend='ch-tools-gawk'/> is updated here.
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter06_ncurses — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
This prevents Ncurses from building and installing debug libraries.
该选项禁止多数静态库的构建和安装。
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_vim — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The test suite outputs a lot of binary data to the screen. This can cause issues with the settings of the current terminal (especially while we are overriding the <envar>TERM</envar> variable to satisfy some assumptions of the test suite). The problem can be avoided by redirecting the output to a log file as shown above. A successful test will result in the words <computeroutput>ALL DONE</computeroutput> in the log file at completion.
测试套件会将大量二进制数据输出到屏幕。这可能扰乱当前终端设置。为了避免这个问题，像上面的命令一样，将输出重定向到日志文件。测试成功完成后，日志文件末尾会包含 “ALL DONE”。
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_kmod — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Install the package and recreate some symlinks for compatibility with Module-Init-Tools (the package that previously handled Linux kernel modules). The building system will create all these symlinks in <filename class='directory'>/usr/bin</filename>, but we only want <command>lsmod</command> there and all other symlinks in <filename class='directory'>/usr/sbin</filename> instead:
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_lz4 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter09_symlinks — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput>sed -e '/^AlternativeNamesPolicy/s/=.*$/=/' \
/usr/lib/udev/network/99-default.link \
> /etc/udev/network/99-default.link</userinput>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter07_createfiles — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput>localedef -i C -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8</userinput>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_udev — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<parameter>-D mode=release</parameter>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter01_whatsnew — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Sysklogd-&sysklogd-version;
Systemd-&systemd-version;
Linux From Scratch/chapter02_creatingpartition — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
/usr &ndash; In LFS, <filename class="directory">/bin</filename>, <filename class="directory">/lib</filename>, and <filename class="directory">/sbin</filename> are symlinks to their counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>. So <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> contains all the binaries needed for the system to run. For LFS a separate partition for <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> is normally not needed. If you create it anyway, you should make a partition large enough to fit all the programs and libraries in the system. The root partition can be very small (maybe just one gigabyte) in this configuration, so it's suitable for a thin client or diskless workstation (where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> is mounted from a remote server). However, you should be aware that an initramfs (not covered by LFS) will be needed to boot a system with a separate <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> partition.
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter07_cleanup — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput>cd $LFS
tar -cJpf $HOME/lfs-temp-tools-&version;.tar.xz .</userinput>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter04_settingenviron — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<parameter>CONFIG_SITE=$LFS/usr/share/config.site</parameter>
<parameter>PATH=/usr/bin</parameter>
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_gcc — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
This switch tells GCC to link to the system installed copy of the Zlib library, rather than its own internal copy.
该选项使得 GCC 链接到系统安装的 Zlib 库，而不是它自带的 Zlib 副本。
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_iproute2 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
/etc/iproute2, /usr/lib/tc, and /usr/share/doc/iproute2-&iproute2-version;
/etc/iproute2, /usr/lib/tc, 以及 /usr/share/doc/iproute2-&iproute2-version;,
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_bash — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Install the package:
编译该软件包：
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_dejagnu — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<command>dejagnu</command>
<command>runtest</command>
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_python — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="install">make install</userinput>
<userinput remap="make">make</userinput>
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_openssl — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
You should update OpenSSL when a new version which fixes vulnerabilities is announced. Since OpenSSL 3.0.0, the OpenSSL versioning scheme follows the MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH format. API/ABI compatibility is guaranteed for the same MAJOR version number. Because LFS installs only the shared libraries, there is no need to recompile packages which link to <filename class="libraryfile">libcrypto.so</filename> or <filename class="libraryfile">libssl.so</filename> <emphasis>when upgrading to a version with the same MAJOR version number</emphasis>.
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter09_network — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Configuring the System Hostname
配置系统主机名
Linux From Scratch/chapter09_symlinks — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
CD-ROM Symlinks
CD-ROM 符号链接
Linux From Scratch/chapter09_bootscripts — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Removes files that should not be preserved between reboots, such as those in <filename class="directory">/run/</filename> and <filename class="directory">/var/lock/</filename>; it re-creates <filename>/run/utmp</filename> and removes the possibly present <filename>/etc/nologin</filename>, <filename>/fastboot</filename>, and <filename>/forcefsck</filename> files
删除在重启过程中不应保留的文件，例如 <filename class="directory">/var/run/</filename> 和 <filename class="directory">/var/lock/</filename> 中的文件；重新创建 <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename> 并删除可能存在的 <filename>/etc/nologin</filename>, <filename>/fastboot</filename>, 以及 <filename>/forcefsck</filename> 文件
Linux From Scratch/chapter06_gcc-pass2 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<parameter>--with-build-sysroot=$LFS</parameter>
<parameter>-with-build-sysroot=$LFS</parameter>
Linux From Scratch/chapter06_ncurses — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<parameter>--with-cxx-shared</parameter>
<parameter>--without-ada</parameter>
Linux From Scratch/chapter11_reboot — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput>umount -v $LFS</userinput>
<userinput>umount -v $LFS</userinput>
Linux From Scratch/chapter11_afterlfs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
At this point you can log into two different virtual consoles and run the links or lynx browser in one console and bash in the other. GPM then allows copying commands from the browser with the left mouse button, switching consoles, and pasting into the other console.
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter01_askforhelp — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
An excellent article about asking for help on the Internet is available online at <ulink url="http://catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html"/>. Read this document, and follow the hints. Doing so will increase the likelihood of getting the help you need.
可以在线阅读一篇关于如何在网络上提问的精彩文章：<ulink url="http://catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html"/>。在您提问时，阅读并遵从这篇文章的建议，可以增加您得到帮助的可能性。
Linux From Scratch/part3intro_generalinstructions — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Change back to the sources directory when the build is complete.
切换回包含所有源码包的目录。
Linux From Scratch/part3intro_toolchaintechnotes — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Build cross-compiler cc1 using ccA on machine A.
在机器 A 上，使用 ccA 构建交叉编译器 cc1
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_e2fsprogs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
One test named <filename>m_assume_storage_prezeroed</filename> is known to fail.
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_flit-core — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<parameter>--no-build-isolation</parameter>, <parameter>--no-deps</parameter>, and <parameter>--no-index</parameter>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter05_libstdc__ — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Compile Libstdc++ by running:
运行以下命令编译 Libstdc++：
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_gawk — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The installation process already created <command>awk</command> as a symlink to <command>gawk</command>, create its man page as a symlink as well:
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_shadow — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The shell expands this to two switches, <parameter>--with-bcrypt</parameter> and <parameter>--with-yescrypt</parameter>. They allow shadow to use the Bcrypt and Yescrypt algorithms implemented by <application>Libxcrypt</application> for hashing passwords. These algorithms are more secure (in particular, much more resistant to GPU-based attacks) than the traditional SHA algorithms.
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_pkgconf — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
libpkgconf.so
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_libxcrypt — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Install the package:
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_udev — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Disable some features considered experimental by upstream.
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_pkgmgt — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
This is a simplistic package management technique that does not need a special program to manage the packages. Each package is installed in a separate directory. For example, package foo-1.1 is installed in <filename class='directory'>/opt/foo-1.1</filename> and a symlink is made from <filename>/opt/foo</filename> to <filename class='directory'>/opt/foo-1.1</filename>. When a new version foo-1.2 comes along, it is installed in <filename class='directory'>/opt/foo-1.2</filename> and the previous symlink is replaced by a symlink to the new version.
这是一种最简单的软件包管理方式，它不需要任何额外的软件来控制软件包的安装。每个软件包都被安装在单独的目录中。例如，软件包 foo-1.1 将会被安装在 <filename class='directory'>/usr/pkg/foo-1.1</filename>，然后创建一个符号链接 <filename>/usr/pkg/foo</filename> 指向 <filename class='directory'>/usr/pkg/foo-1.1</filename>。在安装新版本 foo-1.2 的时候，把它安装到 <filename class='directory'>/usr/pkg/foo-1.2</filename>，然后把之前的符号链接替换为指向新版本的符号链接。
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_kmod — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="install">make install

for target in depmod insmod modinfo modprobe rmmod; do
ln -sfv ../bin/kmod /usr/sbin/$target
rm -fv /usr/bin/$target
done</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">make install

for target in depmod insmod lsmod modinfo modprobe rmmod; do
ln -sfv ../bin/kmod /sbin/$target
done

ln -sfv kmod /bin/lsmod</userinput>
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_lz4 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<command>lz4</command>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_sysklogd — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Installed program
安装的程序
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_systemd — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<parameter>-D ldconfig=false</parameter>
<parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter>
Linux From Scratch/chapter01_whatsnew — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Systemd-&systemd-version;
Systemd-&systemd-version;
Linux From Scratch/chapter02_creatingpartition — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
/opt &ndash; This directory is most useful for BLFS, where multiple large packages like KDE or Texlive can be installed without embedding the files in the /usr hierarchy. If used, 5 to 10 gigabytes is generally adequate.
/opt &ndash; 这个目录往往被用于在 BLFS 中安装 Gnome 或 KDE 等大型软件，以免把大量文件塞进 /usr 目录树。如果将它划分为独立分区，5 到 10 GB 一般就足够了。
Linux From Scratch/chapter07_createfiles — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput>echo "tester:x:101:101::/home/tester:/bin/bash" &gt;&gt; /etc/passwd
echo "tester:x:101:" &gt;&gt; /etc/group
install -o tester -d /home/tester</userinput>
<userinput>echo "tester:x:$(ls -n $(tty) | cut -d" " -f3):101::/home/tester:/bin/bash" &gt;&gt; /etc/passwd
echo "tester:x:101:" &gt;&gt; /etc/group
install -o tester -d /home/tester</userinput>
Linux From Scratch/chapter07_util-linux — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<parameter>runstatedir=/run</parameter>
<parameter>--disable-*</parameter>
Linux From Scratch/chapter07_cleanup — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
If continuing to chapter 8, don't forget to reenter the chroot environment as explained in the <quote>Important</quote> box below.
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter10_grub — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The GRUB designator for a partition may change if you added or removed some disks (including removable disks like USB thumb devices). The change may cause boot failure because <filename>grub.cfg</filename> refers to some <quote>old</quote> designators. If you wish to avoid such a problem, you may use the UUID of a partition and the UUID of a filesystem instead of a GRUB designator to specify a device. Run <command>lsblk -o UUID,PARTUUID,PATH,MOUNTPOINT</command> to show the UUIDs of your filesystems (in the <literal>UUID</literal> column) and partitions (in the <literal>PARTUUID</literal> column). Then replace <literal>set root=(hdx,y)</literal> with <literal>search --set=root --fs-uuid <replaceable>&lt;UUID of the filesystem where the kernel is installed&gt;</replaceable></literal>, and replace <literal>root=/dev/sda2</literal> with <literal>root=PARTUUID=<replaceable>&lt;UUID of the partition where LFS is built&gt;</replaceable></literal>.
 
Linux From Scratch/appendices_dependencies — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Bash, Coreutils, Grep, M4, Make, Sed, and Texinfo
Bash, Coreutils, Grep, M4, Make, Perl, Sed, 以及 Texinfo
Linux From Scratch/chapter04_settingenviron — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
In <xref linkend="chapter-cross-tools"/> and <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/>, if this variable is not set, <command>configure</command> scripts may attempt to load configuration items specific to some distributions from <filename>/usr/share/config.site</filename> on the host system. Override it to prevent potential contamination from the host.
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_autoconf — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_gcc — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
note on PIE and SSP
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_mpc — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_check — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch/chapter08_gperf — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>