Translation Source string Target string
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter04_settingenviron — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
While the preceding commands have set some variables, in order to make them visible within any sub-shells, we export them.
前面的命令设定了一些变量，为了让所有子 shell 都能使用这些变量，需要导出它们。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_gmp — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Ensure that at least 199 tests in the test suite passed. Check the results by issuing the following command:
务必确认测试套件中的 197 个测试全部通过。运行以下命令检验结果：
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_gcc — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
SSP (Stack Smashing Protection) is a technique to ensure that the parameter stack is not corrupted. Stack corruption can, for example, alter the return address of a subroutine, thus transferring control to some dangerous code (existing in the program or shared libraries, or injected by the attacker somehow).
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_udev — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Only build the components needed for udev:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_perl — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
These settings define where Perl looks for installed modules. The LFS editors chose to put them in a directory structure based on the MAJOR.MINOR version of Perl (&perl-version-min;) which allows upgrading Perl to newer patch levels (the patch level is the last dot separated part in the full version string like &perl-version;) without reinstalling all of the modules.
这些选项定义 Perl 查找系统上安装的模块的位置。LFS 编辑决定将它们存放在以主版本号.次版本号 (如 &perl-version-min;) 格式表示 Perl 版本的目录结构中，使得可以在升级 Perl 到更新的修订号 (修订号即类似 &perl-version; 这样的完整版本号中最后一部分) 时，不需要重新安装所有模块。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_pkgconf — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_xz — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_bash — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput>exec /usr/bin/bash --login</userinput>
<userinput>exec /bin/bash --login +h</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_attr — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_gettext — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_e2fsprogs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Remove useless static libraries:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_libxcrypt — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput>make distclean
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--enable-hashes=strong,glibc \
--enable-obsolete-api=glibc \
--disable-static \
--disable-failure-tokens
make
cp -av .libs/libcrypt.so.1* /usr/lib</userinput>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_meson — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_bzip2 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="install">cp -av libbz2.so.* /usr/lib
ln -sv libbz2.so.&bzip2-version; /usr/lib/libbz2.so</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">make PREFIX=/usr install</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_sysvinit — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Runs a command with fstab-encoded arguments
以 fstab 编码的参数运行命令
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_python — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
After we boot the LFS system and set up a network connection, a different warning will be issued, telling the user to update <command>pip3</command> from a pre-built wheel on PyPI (whenever a new version is available). But LFS considers <command>pip3</command> to be a part of Python 3, so it should not be updated separately. Also, an update from a pre-built wheel would deviate from our objective: to build a Linux system from source code. So the warning about a new version of <command>pip3</command> should be ignored as well. If you wish, you can suppress all these warnings by running the following command, which creates a configuration file:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_bison — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_gawk — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="install">mkdir -pv /usr/share/doc/gawk-&gawk-version;
cp -v doc/{awkforai.txt,*.{eps,pdf,jpg}} /usr/share/doc/gawk-&gawk-version;</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">mkdir -v /usr/share/doc/gawk-&gawk-version;
cp -v doc/{awkforai.txt,*.{eps,pdf,jpg}} /usr/share/doc/gawk-&gawk-version;</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_flit-core — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Installed directory
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_sysklogd — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_man-db — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
One test named <filename>man1/lexgrog.1</filename> is known to fail.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_systemd — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
This switch prevents installation of systemd services responsible for setting up the <filename>/etc/group</filename> and <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files were created in the previous chapter. This daemon is not useful on an LFS system since user accounts are manually created.
这个开关防止 systemd 安装负责设定 <filename>/etc/group</filename> 和 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> 文件的服务。我们在上一章已经创建了这两个文件。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_pkgmgt — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
This is a variation of the previous package management technique. Each package is installed as in the previous scheme. But instead of making the symlink via a generic package name, each file is symlinked into the <filename class='directory'>/usr</filename> hierarchy. This removes the need to expand the environment variables. Though the symlinks can be created by the user, many package managers use this approach, and automate the creation of the symlinks. A few of the popular ones include Stow, Epkg, Graft, and Depot.
这是前一种软件包管理技术的变种。和前一种方式一样，将各个软件包同样安装在独立的目录中。但不是建立目录的符号链接，而是把其中的每个文件符号链接到 <filename class='directory'>/usr</filename> 目录树中对应的位置。这样就不需要修改环境变量。虽然这些符号链接可以由用户自己创建，但已经有许多包管理器能够自动化这一过程。一些流行的包管理器如 Stow、Epkg、Graft 和 Depot 使用这种管理方式。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_libelf — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<filename class="libraryfile">libelf.so</filename>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_grep — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Prints lines matching an extended regular expression. It is obsolete, use <command>grep -E</command> instead
打印与扩展正则表达式匹配的行
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_shadow — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The longest permissible user name is 32 characters. Make the maximum length of a group name the same.
最长用户名可以有 32 个字符。设定组名称最大长度为相同值。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter09_networkd — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/systemd/network/10-eth-dhcp.network &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>[Match]
Name=&lt;network-device-name&gt;

[Network]
DHCP=ipv4

[DHCPv4]
UseDomains=true</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/systemd/network/10-eth-dhcp.network &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>[Match]
Name=&lt;网络设备名&gt;

[Network]
DHCP=ipv4

[DHCP]
UseDomains=true</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_binutils-pass2 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="install">rm -v $LFS/usr/lib/lib{bfd,ctf,ctf-nobfd,opcodes,sframe}.{a,la}</userinput>
<userinput remap="make">make</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_gcc-pass2 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
We are cross-compiling GCC, so it's impossible to build target libraries (<filename class="libraryfile">libgcc</filename> and <filename class="libraryfile">libstdc++</filename>) with the previously compiled GCC binaries&mdash;those binaries won't run on the host. The GCC build system will attempt to use the host's C and C++ compilers as a workaround by default. Building the GCC target libraries with a different version of GCC is not supported, so using the host's compilers may cause the build to fail. This parameter ensures the libraries are built by GCC pass 1.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_ncurses — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
This makes Ncurses build and install shared C++ bindings. It also prevents it building and installing static C++ bindings.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter11_reboot — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
When the reboot is complete, the LFS system is ready for use. What you will see is a simple <quote>login: </quote> prompt. At this point, you can proceed to <ulink url="&blfs-book;">the BLFS Book</ulink> where you can add more software to suit your needs.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter05_binutils-pass1 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<parameter>--enable-gprofng=no</parameter>
<parameter>--disable-nls</parameter>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter01_whatsnew — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
MarkupSafe-&markupsafe-version;
Man-pages-&man-pages-version;
Linux From Scratch 12.0/part3intro_toolchaintechnotes — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Build cross-compiler cc2 using cc1 on machine A.
在机器 A 上，使用 cc1 构建交叉编译器 cc2
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_groff — Greek
<command>addftinfo</command>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_file — Greek
Tries to classify each given file; it does this by performing several tests&mdash;file system tests, magic number tests, and language tests
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_libcap — Greek
Short Descriptions
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_diffutils — Greek
<command>diff</command>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/prologue_why — Greek
DejaGNU
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter09_networkd — Greek
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/systemd/network/10-eth-dhcp.network &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>[Match]
Name=&lt;network-device-name&gt;

[Network]
DHCP=ipv4

[DHCPv4]
UseDomains=true</literal>
EOF</userinput>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter09_consoled — Greek
list-x11-keymap-layouts
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter09_udev — Greek
Udev will only load a module if it has a bus-specific alias and the bus driver properly exports the necessary aliases to <systemitem class="filesystem">sysfs</systemitem>. In other cases, one should arrange module loading by other means. With Linux-&linux-version;, udev is known to load properly-written drivers for INPUT, IDE, PCI, USB, SCSI, SERIO, and FireWire devices.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter09_clock — Greek
Please note that when system clock is set to Local Time, <command>systemd-timesyncd</command> won't update hardware clock.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter09_usage — Greek
The service is stopped.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter09_network — Greek
Create the <filename>/etc/hostname</filename> file and enter a hostname by running:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter09_locale — Greek
Note that you can modify <filename>/etc/locale.conf</filename> with the systemd <command>localectl</command> utility. To use <command>localectl</command> for the example above, run:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter09_profile — Greek
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/profile &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin /etc/profile

export LANG=<replaceable>&lt;ll&gt;_&lt;CC&gt;.&lt;charmap&gt;&lt;@modifiers&gt;</replaceable>

# End /etc/profile</literal>
EOF</userinput>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter09_bootscripts — Greek
Loads the correct keymap table for the desired keyboard layout; it also sets the screen font
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter09_systemd-custom — Greek
See <filename>systemd.unit(5)</filename> manual page for more information. After creating the configuration file, run <userinput>systemctl daemon-reload</userinput> and <userinput>systemctl restart foobar</userinput> to activate the changes to a service.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_binutils-pass2 — Greek
<userinput remap="install">rm -v $LFS/usr/lib/lib{bfd,ctf,ctf-nobfd,opcodes,sframe}.{a,la}</userinput>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter11_reboot — Greek
When the reboot is complete, the LFS system is ready for use. What you will see is a simple <quote>login: </quote> prompt. At this point, you can proceed to <ulink url="&blfs-book;">the BLFS Book</ulink> where you can add more software to suit your needs.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter05_linux-headers — Greek
<filename class="headerfile">/usr/include/asm-generic/*.h</filename>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter03_packages — Greek
Download: <ulink url="&bc-url;"/>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter03_patches — Greek
Total size of these patches: about <returnvalue/>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/part3intro_toolchaintechnotes — Greek
Build cross-compiler cc2 using cc1 on machine A.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter02_creatingpartition — Greek
/tmp &ndash; By default, systemd mounts a <systemitem class='filesystem'>tmpfs</systemitem> here. If you want to override that behavior, follow <xref linkend='systemd-no-tmpfs'/> when configuring the LFS system.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_cleanup — Greek
In case some mistakes have been made and you need to start over, you can use this backup to restore the system and save some recovery time. Since the sources are located under <filename class="directory">$LFS</filename>, they are included in the backup archive as well, so they do not need to be downloaded again. After checking that <envar>$LFS</envar> is set properly, you can restore the backup by executing the following commands:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter10_grub — Greek
The name of the device node for a partition in <filename class='directory'>/dev</filename> may also change (this is less likely than a GRUB designator change). You can also replace paths to device nodes like <literal>/dev/sda1</literal> with <literal>PARTUUID=<replaceable>&lt;partition UUID&gt;</replaceable></literal>, in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>, to avoid a potential boot failure in case the device node name has changed.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter10_kernel — Greek
Be sure to enable/disable/set the following features or the system might not work correctly or boot at all:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter04_settingenviron — Greek
While the preceding commands have set some variables, in order to make them visible within any sub-shells, we export them.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_intltool — Greek
Short Descriptions
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_zstd — Greek
<command>zstd</command>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_flex — Greek
/usr/share/doc/flex-&flex-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_bc — Greek
<userinput remap="install">make install</userinput>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_check — Greek
Awk script for generating C unit tests for use with the Check unit testing framework
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_findutils — Greek
Short Descriptions
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_iproute2 — Greek
<command>bridge</command>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_gperf — Greek
Generates a perfect hash from a key set
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_psmisc — Greek
<command>killall</command>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_dbus — Greek
Contents of D-Bus
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_gettext — Greek
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_meson — Greek
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_sysvinit — Greek
Runs a command with fstab-encoded arguments
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_bison — Greek
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_procps — Greek
free, pgrep, pidof, pkill, pmap, ps, pwdx, slabtop, sysctl, tload, top, uptime, vmstat, w, and watch
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_automake — Greek
<command>aclocal</command>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_zlib — Greek
Contains compression and decompression functions used by some programs
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_flit-core — Greek
Installed directory
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_sysklogd — Greek
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_gzip — Greek
<command>gzexe</command>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_less — Greek
<command>less</command>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_pkgmgt — Greek
This is a variation of the previous package management technique. Each package is installed as in the previous scheme. But instead of making the symlink via a generic package name, each file is symlinked into the <filename class='directory'>/usr</filename> hierarchy. This removes the need to expand the environment variables. Though the symlinks can be created by the user, many package managers use this approach, and automate the creation of the symlinks. A few of the popular ones include Stow, Epkg, Graft, and Depot.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_kbd — Greek
For some languages (e.g., Belarusian) the Kbd package doesn't provide a useful keymap where the stock <quote>by</quote> keymap assumes the ISO-8859-5 encoding, and the CP1251 keymap is normally used. Users of such languages have to download working keymaps separately.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_libtool — Greek
libtool and libtoolize
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_util-linux — Greek
Compile the package:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter02_hostreqs — Greek
<emphasis role="strong">Tar-1.22</emphasis>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_autoconf — Greek
Short Descriptions
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_gcc — Greek
SSP (Stack Smashing Protection) is a technique to ensure that the parameter stack is not corrupted. Stack corruption can, for example, alter the return address of a subroutine, thus transferring control to some dangerous code (existing in the program or shared libraries, or injected by the attacker somehow).
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_texinfo — Greek
Installed programs
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_kmod — Greek
libkmod.so
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_util-linux — Greek
Installed programs
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_glibc — Greek
This option increases system security by adding extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack smashing attacks.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_udev — Greek
Only build the components needed for udev:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_grub — Greek
Install the package:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_tcl — Greek
Now make a necessary symbolic link:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_perl — Greek
These settings define where Perl looks for installed modules. The LFS editors chose to put them in a directory structure based on the MAJOR.MINOR version of Perl (&perl-version-min;) which allows upgrading Perl to newer patch levels (the patch level is the last dot separated part in the full version string like &perl-version;) without reinstalling all of the modules.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_coreutils — Greek
<userinput remap="test">make NON_ROOT_USERNAME=tester check-root</userinput>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_xz — Greek
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_gdbm — Greek
Short Descriptions
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_e2fsprogs — Greek
Remove useless static libraries: