Linux From Scratch/chapter08_gcc — Chinese (Simplified) @ LFS Translation Server: <userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \ LD=ld \ --enable-languages=c,c++ \ --enable-default-pie \ …

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	&gcc-url;	&gcc-url;
	<productname>gcc</productname> <productnumber>&gcc-version;</productnumber> <placeholder type="address" id="0"/>	<productname>gcc</productname> <productnumber>&gcc-version;</productnumber> <placeholder type="address" id="0"/>
	GCC-&gcc-version;	GCC-&gcc-version;
	GCC	GCC
	The GCC package contains the GNU compiler collection, which includes the C and C++ compilers.	GCC 软件包包含 GNU 编译器集合，其中有 C 和 C++ 编译器。
	&buildtime;	&buildtime;
	&diskspace;	&diskspace;
	&gcc-fin-sbu;	&gcc-fin-sbu;
	&gcc-fin-du;	&gcc-fin-du;
	Installation of GCC	安装 GCC
	If building on x86_64, change the default directory name for 64-bit libraries to <quote>lib</quote>:	在 x86_64 上构建时，修改存放 64 位库的默认路径为 <quote>lib</quote>:
	<userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in x86_64) sed -e '/m64=/s/lib64/lib/' \ -i.orig gcc/config/i386/t-linux64 ;; esac</userinput>	<userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in x86_64) sed -e '/m64=/s/lib64/lib/' \ -i.orig gcc/config/i386/t-linux64 ;; esac</userinput>
	The GCC documentation recommends building GCC in a dedicated build directory:	GCC 文档推荐在专用的构建目录中构建 GCC：
	<userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build cd build</userinput>	<userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build cd build</userinput>
	Prepare GCC for compilation:	准备编译 GCC：
	<userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \ LD=ld \ --enable-languages=c,c++ \ --enable-default-pie \ --enable-default-ssp \ --enable-host-pie \ --disable-multilib \ --disable-bootstrap \ --disable-fixincludes \ --with-system-zlib</userinput>	<userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \ LD=ld \ --enable-languages=c,c++ \ --disable-multilib \ --disable-bootstrap \ --with-system-zlib</userinput>
	GCC supports seven different computer languages, but the prerequisites for most of them have not yet been installed. See the <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/gcc.html">BLFS Book GCC page</ulink> for instructions on how to build all of GCC's supported languages.	请注意，对于其他语言，还有一些尚未满足的依赖项。阅读 <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/gcc.html">BLFS 手册</ulink>，以了解如何构建 GCC 支持的所有语言。
	The meaning of the new configure parameters:	新的配置选项的含义：
	<parameter>LD=ld</parameter>	<parameter>LD=ld</parameter>
	This parameter makes the configure script use the ld program installed by the Binutils package built earlier in this chapter, rather than the cross-built version which would otherwise be used.	该选项使得配置脚本使用之前在本章中构建的 ld，而没有该选项时会使用交叉编译构建的版本。
	<parameter>--disable-fixincludes</parameter>	<parameter>--with-system-zlib</parameter>
	By default, during the installation of GCC some system headers would be <quote>fixed</quote> to be used with GCC. This is not necessary for a modern Linux system, and potentially harmful if a package is reinstalled after installing GCC. This switch prevents GCC from <quote>fixing</quote> the headers.
	<parameter>--with-system-zlib</parameter>	<parameter>--with-system-zlib</parameter>
	This switch tells GCC to link to the system installed copy of the Zlib library, rather than its own internal copy.	该选项使得 GCC 链接到系统安装的 Zlib 库，而不是它自带的 Zlib 副本。
	note on PIE and SSP
	PIE (position-independent executables) are binary programs that can be loaded anywhere in memory. Without PIE, the security feature named ASLR (Address Space Layout Randomization) can be applied for the shared libraries, but not for the executables themselves. Enabling PIE allows ASLR for the executables in addition to the shared libraries, and mitigates some attacks based on fixed addresses of sensitive code or data in the executables.
	SSP (Stack Smashing Protection) is a technique to ensure that the parameter stack is not corrupted. Stack corruption can, for example, alter the return address of a subroutine, thus transferring control to some dangerous code (existing in the program or shared libraries, or injected by the attacker somehow).
	Compile the package:	编译该软件包：
	<userinput remap="make">make</userinput>	<userinput remap="make">make</userinput>
	In this section, the test suite for GCC is considered important, but it takes a long time. First-time builders are encouraged to run the test suite. The time to run the tests can be reduced significantly by adding -jx to the <command>make -k check</command> command below, where x is the number of CPU cores on your system.
	One set of tests in the GCC test suite is known to exhaust the default stack, so increase the stack size prior to running the tests:	已知 GCC 测试套件中的一组测试可能耗尽默认栈空间，因此运行测试前要增加栈空间：

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