108 strings / 2462 words

Translation Source string Target string
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
Creating Essential Files and Symlinks
Creating Essential Files and Symlinks
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
Creating Essential Files and Symlinks
Création des fichiers et des liens symboliques essentiels
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
Creating Essential Files and Symlinks
Criando Arquivos Essenciais e Links Simbólicos
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Creating Essential Files and Symlinks
创建必要的文件和符号链接
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
/etc/passwd
/etc/passwd
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
/etc/passwd
/etc/passwd
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
/etc/passwd
/etc/passwd
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
/etc/passwd
/etc/passwd
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
/etc/group
/etc/group
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
/etc/group
/etc/group
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
/etc/group
/etc/group
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
/etc/group
/etc/group
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
/run/utmp
/run/utmp
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
/run/utmp
/run/utmp
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
/run/utmp
/run/utmp
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
/var/log/btmp
/var/log/btmp
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
/var/log/btmp
/var/log/btmp
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
/var/log/btmp
/var/log/btmp
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
/var/log/btmp
/var/log/btmp
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
/var/log/lastlog
/var/log/lastlog
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
/var/log/lastlog
/var/log/lastlog
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
/var/log/lastlog
/var/log/lastlog
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
/var/log/lastlog
/var/log/lastlog
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
/var/log/wtmp
/var/log/wtmp
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
/var/log/wtmp
/var/log/wtmp
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
/var/log/wtmp
/var/log/wtmp
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
/var/log/wtmp
/var/log/wtmp
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
Historically, Linux maintained a list of the mounted file systems in the file <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>. Modern kernels maintain this list internally and expose it to the user via the <filename class="directory">/proc</filename> filesystem. To satisfy utilities that expect to find <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>, create the following symbolic link:
Historically, Linux maintained a list of the mounted file systems in the file <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>. Modern kernels maintain this list internally and expose it to the user via the <filename class="directory">/proc</filename> filesystem. To satisfy utilities that expect to find <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>, create the following symbolic link:
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
Historically, Linux maintained a list of the mounted file systems in the file <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>. Modern kernels maintain this list internally and expose it to the user via the <filename class="directory">/proc</filename> filesystem. To satisfy utilities that expect to find <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>, create the following symbolic link:
Historiquement, Linux gardait une liste des systèmes de fichiers montés dans le fichier <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>. Les noyaux modernes gèrent cette liste en interne et la proposent à l'utilisateur via le système de fichiers <filename class="directory">/proc</filename>. Afin de satisfaire les outils qui s'attendent à la présence de <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>, créez le lien symbolique suivant&nbsp;:
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
Historically, Linux maintained a list of the mounted file systems in the file <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>. Modern kernels maintain this list internally and expose it to the user via the <filename class="directory">/proc</filename> filesystem. To satisfy utilities that expect to find <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>, create the following symbolic link:
Historicamente, o Linux manteve uma lista dos sistemas de arquivos montados no arquivo <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>. Os Núcleos modernos mantém essa lista internamente e a expõem para o(a) usuário(a) via sistema de arquivos <filename class="directory">/proc</filename>. Para satisfazer utilitários que esperam encontrar o <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>, crie o seguinte link simbólico:
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
<userinput>ln -sv /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab</userinput>
<userinput>ln -sv /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
<userinput>ln -sv /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab</userinput>
<userinput>ln -sv /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
<userinput>ln -sv /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab</userinput>
<userinput>ln -sv /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput>ln -sv /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab</userinput>
<userinput>ln -sv /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
Create a basic <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file to be referenced in some test suites, and in one of Perl's configuration files as well:
Create a basic <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file to be referenced in some test suites, and in one of Perl's configuration files as well:
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
Create a basic <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file to be referenced in some test suites, and in one of Perl's configuration files as well:
Créez un fichier <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> de base qui sera mentionné dans certaines suites de tests, et par l'un des fichiers de configuration de Perl&nbsp;:
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
Create a basic <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file to be referenced in some test suites, and in one of Perl's configuration files as well:
Crie um arquivo <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> básico para ser referenciado em algumas suítes de teste e em um dos arquivos de configuração do Perl também:
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Create a basic <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file to be referenced in some test suites, and in one of Perl's configuration files as well:
创建一个基本的 <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> 文件，一些测试套件，以及 Perl 的一个配置文件将会使用它：
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/hosts &lt;&lt; EOF
<literal>127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname)
::1 localhost</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/hosts &lt;&lt; EOF
<literal>127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname)
::1 localhost</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/hosts &lt;&lt; EOF
<literal>127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname)
::1 localhost</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/hosts &lt;&lt; EOF
<literal>127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname)
::1 localhost</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/hosts &lt;&lt; EOF
<literal>127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname)
::1 localhost</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/hosts &lt;&lt; EOF
<literal>127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname)
::1 localhost</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
In order for user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> to be able to login and for the name <quote>root</quote> to be recognized, there must be relevant entries in the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/group</filename> files.
In order for user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> to be able to login and for the name <quote>root</quote> to be recognized, there must be relevant entries in the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/group</filename> files.
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
In order for user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> to be able to login and for the name <quote>root</quote> to be recognized, there must be relevant entries in the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/group</filename> files.
Afin que l'utilisateur <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> puisse s'identifier et que le nom <quote>root</quote> soit reconnu, il doit y avoir des entrées cohérentes dans les fichiers <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> et <filename>/etc/group</filename>.
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
In order for user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> to be able to login and for the name <quote>root</quote> to be recognized, there must be relevant entries in the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/group</filename> files.
Para que o(a) usuário(a) <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> seja capaz de logar e para que o nome <quote>root</quote> seja reconhecido, precisam existir entradas relevantes nos arquivos <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> e <filename>/etc/group</filename>.
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
In order for user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> to be able to login and for the name <quote>root</quote> to be recognized, there must be relevant entries in the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/group</filename> files.
为了使得 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> 能正常登录，而且用户名 <quote>root</quote> 能被正常识别，必须在文件 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> 和 <filename>/etc/groups</filename> 中写入相关的条目。
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
Create the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file by running the following command:
Create the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file by running the following command:
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
Create the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file by running the following command:
Créez le fichier <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> en exécutant la commande suivante&nbsp;:
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
Create the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file by running the following command:
Crie o arquivo <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> executando o seguinte comando:
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Create the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file by running the following command:
执行以下命令创建 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> 文件：
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/passwd &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
daemon:x:6:6:Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
messagebus:x:18:18:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/run/dbus:/usr/bin/false
uuidd:x:80:80:UUID Generation Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
nobody:x:65534:65534:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/passwd &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
daemon:x:6:6:Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
messagebus:x:18:18:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/run/dbus:/usr/bin/false
uuidd:x:80:80:UUID Generation Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
nobody:x:65534:65534:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/passwd &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
daemon:x:6:6:Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
messagebus:x:18:18:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/run/dbus:/usr/bin/false
uuidd:x:80:80:UUID Generation Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
nobody:x:65534:65534:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/passwd &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
daemon:x:6:6:Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
messagebus:x:18:18:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/run/dbus:/usr/bin/false
uuidd:x:80:80:UUID Generation Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
nobody:x:65534:65534:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/passwd &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
daemon:x:6:6:Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
messagebus:x:18:18:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/run/dbus:/usr/bin/false
uuidd:x:80:80:UUID Generation Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
nobody:x:65534:65534:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/passwd &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
daemon:x:6:6:Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
messagebus:x:18:18:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/run/dbus:/usr/bin/false
uuidd:x:80:80:UUID Generation Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
nobody:x:65534:65534:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/passwd &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
daemon:x:6:6:Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
messagebus:x:18:18:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/run/dbus:/usr/bin/false
systemd-journal-gateway:x:73:73:systemd Journal Gateway:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-journal-remote:x:74:74:systemd Journal Remote:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-journal-upload:x:75:75:systemd Journal Upload:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-network:x:76:76:systemd Network Management:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-resolve:x:77:77:systemd Resolver:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-timesync:x:78:78:systemd Time Synchronization:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-coredump:x:79:79:systemd Core Dumper:/:/usr/bin/false
uuidd:x:80:80:UUID Generation Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
systemd-oom:x:81:81:systemd Out Of Memory Daemon:/:/usr/bin/false
nobody:x:65534:65534:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/passwd &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
daemon:x:6:6:Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
messagebus:x:18:18:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/run/dbus:/usr/bin/false
systemd-journal-gateway:x:73:73:systemd Journal Gateway:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-journal-remote:x:74:74:systemd Journal Remote:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-journal-upload:x:75:75:systemd Journal Upload:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-network:x:76:76:systemd Network Management:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-resolve:x:77:77:systemd Resolver:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-timesync:x:78:78:systemd Time Synchronization:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-coredump:x:79:79:systemd Core Dumper:/:/usr/bin/false
uuidd:x:80:80:UUID Generation Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
systemd-oom:x:81:81:systemd Out Of Memory Daemon:/:/usr/bin/false
nobody:x:65534:65534:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/passwd &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
daemon:x:6:6:Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
messagebus:x:18:18:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/run/dbus:/usr/bin/false
systemd-journal-gateway:x:73:73:systemd Journal Gateway:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-journal-remote:x:74:74:systemd Journal Remote:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-journal-upload:x:75:75:systemd Journal Upload:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-network:x:76:76:systemd Network Management:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-resolve:x:77:77:systemd Resolver:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-timesync:x:78:78:systemd Time Synchronization:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-coredump:x:79:79:systemd Core Dumper:/:/usr/bin/false
uuidd:x:80:80:UUID Generation Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
systemd-oom:x:81:81:systemd Out Of Memory Daemon:/:/usr/bin/false
nobody:x:65534:65534:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/passwd &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
daemon:x:6:6:Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
messagebus:x:18:18:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/run/dbus:/usr/bin/false
systemd-journal-gateway:x:73:73:systemd Journal Gateway:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-journal-remote:x:74:74:systemd Journal Remote:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-journal-upload:x:75:75:systemd Journal Upload:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-network:x:76:76:systemd Network Management:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-resolve:x:77:77:systemd Resolver:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-timesync:x:78:78:systemd Time Synchronization:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-coredump:x:79:79:systemd Core Dumper:/:/usr/bin/false
uuidd:x:80:80:UUID Generation Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
systemd-oom:x:81:81:systemd Out Of Memory Daemon:/:/usr/bin/false
nobody:x:65534:65534:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/passwd &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
daemon:x:6:6:Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
messagebus:x:18:18:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/run/dbus:/usr/bin/false
systemd-journal-gateway:x:73:73:systemd Journal Gateway:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-journal-remote:x:74:74:systemd Journal Remote:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-journal-upload:x:75:75:systemd Journal Upload:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-network:x:76:76:systemd Network Management:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-resolve:x:77:77:systemd Resolver:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-timesync:x:78:78:systemd Time Synchronization:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-coredump:x:79:79:systemd Core Dumper:/:/usr/bin/false
uuidd:x:80:80:UUID Generation Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
systemd-oom:x:81:81:systemd Out Of Memory Daemon:/:/usr/bin/false
nobody:x:65534:65534:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/passwd &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
daemon:x:6:6:Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
messagebus:x:18:18:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/run/dbus:/usr/bin/false
systemd-journal-gateway:x:73:73:systemd Journal Gateway:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-journal-remote:x:74:74:systemd Journal Remote:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-journal-upload:x:75:75:systemd Journal Upload:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-network:x:76:76:systemd Network Management:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-resolve:x:77:77:systemd Resolver:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-timesync:x:78:78:systemd Time Synchronization:/:/usr/bin/false
systemd-coredump:x:79:79:systemd Core Dumper:/:/usr/bin/false
uuidd:x:80:80:UUID Generation Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
systemd-oom:x:81:81:systemd Out Of Memory Daemon:/:/usr/bin/false
nobody:x:65534:65534:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
The actual password for <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> will be set later.
The actual password for <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> will be set later.
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
The actual password for <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> will be set later.
Le mot de passe réel pour <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> sera paramétré plus tard.
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
The actual password for <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> will be set later.
A senha atual para <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> será configurada posteriormente.
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The actual password for <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> will be set later.
我们以后再设置 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> 用户的实际密码。
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
Create the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file by running the following command:
Create the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file by running the following command:
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
Create the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file by running the following command:
Créez le fichier <filename>/etc/group</filename> en exécutant la commande suivante&nbsp;:
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
Create the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file by running the following command:
Crie o arquivo <filename>/etc/group</filename> executando o seguinte comando:
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Create the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file by running the following command:
执行以下命令，创建 <filename>/etc/group</filename> 文件：
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:
bin:x:1:daemon
sys:x:2:
kmem:x:3:
tape:x:4:
tty:x:5:
daemon:x:6:
floppy:x:7:
disk:x:8:
lp:x:9:
dialout:x:10:
audio:x:11:
video:x:12:
utmp:x:13:
cdrom:x:15:
adm:x:16:
messagebus:x:18:
input:x:24:
mail:x:34:
kvm:x:61:
uuidd:x:80:
wheel:x:97:
users:x:999:
nogroup:x:65534:</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:
bin:x:1:daemon
sys:x:2:
kmem:x:3:
tape:x:4:
tty:x:5:
daemon:x:6:
floppy:x:7:
disk:x:8:
lp:x:9:
dialout:x:10:
audio:x:11:
video:x:12:
utmp:x:13:
cdrom:x:15:
adm:x:16:
messagebus:x:18:
input:x:24:
mail:x:34:
kvm:x:61:
uuidd:x:80:
wheel:x:97:
users:x:999:
nogroup:x:65534:</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:
bin:x:1:daemon
sys:x:2:
kmem:x:3:
tape:x:4:
tty:x:5:
daemon:x:6:
floppy:x:7:
disk:x:8:
lp:x:9:
dialout:x:10:
audio:x:11:
video:x:12:
utmp:x:13:
cdrom:x:15:
adm:x:16:
messagebus:x:18:
input:x:24:
mail:x:34:
kvm:x:61:
uuidd:x:80:
wheel:x:97:
users:x:999:
nogroup:x:65534:</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:
bin:x:1:daemon
sys:x:2:
kmem:x:3:
tape:x:4:
tty:x:5:
daemon:x:6:
floppy:x:7:
disk:x:8:
lp:x:9:
dialout:x:10:
audio:x:11:
video:x:12:
utmp:x:13:
cdrom:x:15:
adm:x:16:
messagebus:x:18:
input:x:24:
mail:x:34:
kvm:x:61:
uuidd:x:80:
wheel:x:97:
users:x:999:
nogroup:x:65534:</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:
bin:x:1:daemon
sys:x:2:
kmem:x:3:
tape:x:4:
tty:x:5:
daemon:x:6:
floppy:x:7:
disk:x:8:
lp:x:9:
dialout:x:10:
audio:x:11:
video:x:12:
utmp:x:13:
cdrom:x:15:
adm:x:16:
messagebus:x:18:
input:x:24:
mail:x:34:
kvm:x:61:
uuidd:x:80:
wheel:x:97:
users:x:999:
nogroup:x:65534:</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:
bin:x:1:daemon
sys:x:2:
kmem:x:3:
tape:x:4:
tty:x:5:
daemon:x:6:
floppy:x:7:
disk:x:8:
lp:x:9:
dialout:x:10:
audio:x:11:
video:x:12:
utmp:x:13:
cdrom:x:15:
adm:x:16:
messagebus:x:18:
input:x:24:
mail:x:34:
kvm:x:61:
uuidd:x:80:
wheel:x:97:
users:x:999:
nogroup:x:65534:</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:
bin:x:1:daemon
sys:x:2:
kmem:x:3:
tape:x:4:
tty:x:5:
daemon:x:6:
floppy:x:7:
disk:x:8:
lp:x:9:
dialout:x:10:
audio:x:11:
video:x:12:
utmp:x:13:
cdrom:x:15:
adm:x:16:
messagebus:x:18:
systemd-journal:x:23:
input:x:24:
mail:x:34:
kvm:x:61:
systemd-journal-gateway:x:73:
systemd-journal-remote:x:74:
systemd-journal-upload:x:75:
systemd-network:x:76:
systemd-resolve:x:77:
systemd-timesync:x:78:
systemd-coredump:x:79:
uuidd:x:80:
systemd-oom:x:81:
wheel:x:97:
users:x:999:
nogroup:x:65534:</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:
bin:x:1:daemon
sys:x:2:
kmem:x:3:
tape:x:4:
tty:x:5:
daemon:x:6:
floppy:x:7:
disk:x:8:
lp:x:9:
dialout:x:10:
audio:x:11:
video:x:12:
utmp:x:13:
cdrom:x:15:
adm:x:16:
messagebus:x:18:
systemd-journal:x:23:
input:x:24:
mail:x:34:
kvm:x:61:
systemd-journal-gateway:x:73:
systemd-journal-remote:x:74:
systemd-journal-upload:x:75:
systemd-network:x:76:
systemd-resolve:x:77:
systemd-timesync:x:78:
systemd-coredump:x:79:
uuidd:x:80:
systemd-oom:x:81:
wheel:x:97:
users:x:999:
nogroup:x:65534:</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:
bin:x:1:daemon
sys:x:2:
kmem:x:3:
tape:x:4:
tty:x:5:
daemon:x:6:
floppy:x:7:
disk:x:8:
lp:x:9:
dialout:x:10:
audio:x:11:
video:x:12:
utmp:x:13:
cdrom:x:15:
adm:x:16:
messagebus:x:18:
systemd-journal:x:23:
input:x:24:
mail:x:34:
kvm:x:61:
systemd-journal-gateway:x:73:
systemd-journal-remote:x:74:
systemd-journal-upload:x:75:
systemd-network:x:76:
systemd-resolve:x:77:
systemd-timesync:x:78:
systemd-coredump:x:79:
uuidd:x:80:
systemd-oom:x:81:
wheel:x:97:
users:x:999:
nogroup:x:65534:</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:
bin:x:1:daemon
sys:x:2:
kmem:x:3:
tape:x:4:
tty:x:5:
daemon:x:6:
floppy:x:7:
disk:x:8:
lp:x:9:
dialout:x:10:
audio:x:11:
video:x:12:
utmp:x:13:
cdrom:x:15:
adm:x:16:
messagebus:x:18:
systemd-journal:x:23:
input:x:24:
mail:x:34:
kvm:x:61:
systemd-journal-gateway:x:73:
systemd-journal-remote:x:74:
systemd-journal-upload:x:75:
systemd-network:x:76:
systemd-resolve:x:77:
systemd-timesync:x:78:
systemd-coredump:x:79:
uuidd:x:80:
systemd-oom:x:81:
wheel:x:97:
users:x:999:
nogroup:x:65534:</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:
bin:x:1:daemon
sys:x:2:
kmem:x:3:
tape:x:4:
tty:x:5:
daemon:x:6:
floppy:x:7:
disk:x:8:
lp:x:9:
dialout:x:10:
audio:x:11:
video:x:12:
utmp:x:13:
cdrom:x:15:
adm:x:16:
messagebus:x:18:
systemd-journal:x:23:
input:x:24:
mail:x:34:
kvm:x:61:
systemd-journal-gateway:x:73:
systemd-journal-remote:x:74:
systemd-journal-upload:x:75:
systemd-network:x:76:
systemd-resolve:x:77:
systemd-timesync:x:78:
systemd-coredump:x:79:
uuidd:x:80:
systemd-oom:x:81:
wheel:x:97:
users:x:999:
nogroup:x:65534:</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:
bin:x:1:daemon
sys:x:2:
kmem:x:3:
tape:x:4:
tty:x:5:
daemon:x:6:
floppy:x:7:
disk:x:8:
lp:x:9:
dialout:x:10:
audio:x:11:
video:x:12:
utmp:x:13:
cdrom:x:15:
adm:x:16:
messagebus:x:18:
systemd-journal:x:23:
input:x:24:
mail:x:34:
kvm:x:61:
systemd-journal-gateway:x:73:
systemd-journal-remote:x:74:
systemd-journal-upload:x:75:
systemd-network:x:76:
systemd-resolve:x:77:
systemd-timesync:x:78:
systemd-coredump:x:79:
uuidd:x:80:
systemd-oom:x:81:
wheel:x:97:
users:x:999:
nogroup:x:65534:</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
The created groups are not part of any standard&mdash;they are groups decided on in part by the requirements of the Udev configuration in Chapter 9, and in part by common conventions employed by a number of existing Linux distributions. In addition, some test suites rely on specific users or groups. The Linux Standard Base (LSB, available at <ulink url="https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/lsb.shtml"/>) only recommends that, besides the group <systemitem class="groupname">root</systemitem> with a Group ID (GID) of 0, a group <systemitem class="groupname">bin</systemitem> with a GID of 1 be present. The GID of 5 is widely used for the <systemitem class="groupname">tty</systemitem> group, and the number 5 is also used in <phrase revision="systemd">systemd</phrase> <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/fstab</filename></phrase> for the <systemitem class="filesystem">devpts</systemitem> filesystem. All other group names and GIDs can be chosen freely by the system administrator since well-written programs do not depend on GID numbers, but rather use the group's name.
The created groups are not part of any standard&mdash;they are groups decided on in part by the requirements of the Udev configuration in Chapter 9, and in part by common conventions employed by a number of existing Linux distributions. In addition, some test suites rely on specific users or groups. The Linux Standard Base (LSB, available at <ulink url="https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/lsb.shtml"/>) only recommends that, besides the group <systemitem class="groupname">root</systemitem> with a Group ID (GID) of 0, a group <systemitem class="groupname">bin</systemitem> with a GID of 1 be present. The GID of 5 is widely used for the <systemitem class="groupname">tty</systemitem> group, and the number 5 is also used in <phrase revision="systemd">systemd</phrase> <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/fstab</filename></phrase> for the <systemitem class="filesystem">devpts</systemitem> filesystem. All other group names and GIDs can be chosen freely by the system administrator since well-written programs do not depend on GID numbers, but rather use the group's name.
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
The created groups are not part of any standard&mdash;they are groups decided on in part by the requirements of the Udev configuration in Chapter 9, and in part by common conventions employed by a number of existing Linux distributions. In addition, some test suites rely on specific users or groups. The Linux Standard Base (LSB, available at <ulink url="https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/lsb.shtml"/>) only recommends that, besides the group <systemitem class="groupname">root</systemitem> with a Group ID (GID) of 0, a group <systemitem class="groupname">bin</systemitem> with a GID of 1 be present. The GID of 5 is widely used for the <systemitem class="groupname">tty</systemitem> group, and the number 5 is also used in <phrase revision="systemd">systemd</phrase> <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/fstab</filename></phrase> for the <systemitem class="filesystem">devpts</systemitem> filesystem. All other group names and GIDs can be chosen freely by the system administrator since well-written programs do not depend on GID numbers, but rather use the group's name.
Les groupes créés ne font partie d'aucun standard, ce sont des groupes décidés d'un part en fonction des besoins de la configuration de Udev dans le chapitre&nbsp;9, et d'autre part par la convention usuelle d'un certain nombre de distributions Linux existantes. En outre, certaines suites de tests s'appuient sur des groupes et des utilisateurs spécifiques. La base Linux standard (Linux Standard Base ou LSB, disponible sur <ulink url="https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/lsb.shtml"/>) ne recommande uniquement en plus de la présence d'un groupe <systemitem class="groupname">root</systemitem> accompagné d'un ID de groupe (GID) de 0, qu'un groupe <systemitem class="groupname">bin</systemitem> soit accompagné d'un GID de 1. Le GID 5 est souvent utilisé pour le groupe <systemitem class="groupname">tty</systemitem> et le numéro 5 est aussi utilisé dans <phrase revision="systemd">systemd</phrase> <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/fstab</filename></phrase> pour le système de fichiers <systemitem class="filesystem">devpts</systemitem>. Tous les autres noms de groupe et GID peuvent être librement choisis par l'administrateur du système puisque les programmes bien écrits ne dépendent pas des numéros GID, mais utilisent plutôt le nom du groupe.
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
The created groups are not part of any standard&mdash;they are groups decided on in part by the requirements of the Udev configuration in Chapter 9, and in part by common conventions employed by a number of existing Linux distributions. In addition, some test suites rely on specific users or groups. The Linux Standard Base (LSB, available at <ulink url="https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/lsb.shtml"/>) only recommends that, besides the group <systemitem class="groupname">root</systemitem> with a Group ID (GID) of 0, a group <systemitem class="groupname">bin</systemitem> with a GID of 1 be present. The GID of 5 is widely used for the <systemitem class="groupname">tty</systemitem> group, and the number 5 is also used in <phrase revision="systemd">systemd</phrase> <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/fstab</filename></phrase> for the <systemitem class="filesystem">devpts</systemitem> filesystem. All other group names and GIDs can be chosen freely by the system administrator since well-written programs do not depend on GID numbers, but rather use the group's name.
Os grupos criados não são parte de nenhum padrão&mdash;eles são grupos decididos em parte pelas exigências da configuração do Udev no Capítulo 9 e em parte pelas convenções comuns empregadas por um número de distribuições Linux existentes. Adicionalmente, algumas suítes de teste dependem de usuárias(os) ou grupos específicas(os). A Linux Standard Base (LSB, disponível em <ulink url="http://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/lsb.shtml"/>) somente recomenda que, além do grupo <systemitem class="groupname">root</systemitem> com um ID de Grupo (GID) de 0, um grupo <systemitem class="groupname">bin</systemitem> com um GID de 1 esteja presente. O GID de 5 é amplamente usado para o grupo <systemitem class="groupname">tty</systemitem> e o número 5 também é usado no <phrase revision="systemd">systemd</phrase><phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/fstab</filename></phrase> para o sistema de arquivos <systemitem class="filesystem">devpts</systemitem>. Todos os outros nomes de grupo e GIDs podem ser escolhidos livremente pelo(a) administrador(a) do sistema, uma vez que aplicativos bem escritos não dependem de números de GID, mas sim usam o nome do grupo.
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
The ID 65534 is used by the kernel for NFS and separate user namespaces for unmapped users and groups (those exist on the NFS server or the parent user namespace, but <quote>do not exist</quote> on the local machine or in the separate namespace). We assign <systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> and <systemitem class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> to avoid an unnamed ID. But other distros may treat this ID differently, so any portable program should not depend on this assignment.
The ID 65534 is used by the kernel for NFS and separate user namespaces for unmapped users and groups (those exist on the NFS server or the parent user namespace, but <quote>do not exist</quote> on the local machine or in the separate namespace). We assign <systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> and <systemitem class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> to avoid an unnamed ID. But other distros may treat this ID differently, so any portable program should not depend on this assignment.
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
The ID 65534 is used by the kernel for NFS and separate user namespaces for unmapped users and groups (those exist on the NFS server or the parent user namespace, but <quote>do not exist</quote> on the local machine or in the separate namespace). We assign <systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> and <systemitem class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> to avoid an unnamed ID. But other distros may treat this ID differently, so any portable program should not depend on this assignment.
L'ID 65534 est utilisé par le noyau pour NFS et les espaces de noms séparés pour les utilisateurs et les groupes non projetés (ils existent sur le serveur NFS ou dans l'espace de nom parent, mais <quote>n'existent pas</quote> sur la machine locale ou dans l'espace de nom séparé). Nous assignons l'utilisateur <systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> et le groupe <systemitem class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> pour éviter d'avoir un ID sans nom. Mais d'autres distributions traitent cet ID différemment, donc les programmes portables ne devraient pas dépendre de cette assignation.
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
The ID 65534 is used by the kernel for NFS and separate user namespaces for unmapped users and groups (those exist on the NFS server or the parent user namespace, but <quote>do not exist</quote> on the local machine or in the separate namespace). We assign <systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> and <systemitem class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> to avoid an unnamed ID. But other distros may treat this ID differently, so any portable program should not depend on this assignment.
O ID 65534 é usado pelo núcleo para NFS e espaços de nome de usuário(a) separados para usuários(as) e grupos não mapeados(as) (aqueles(as) existem no servidor NFS ou no espaço de nome de usuário pai, porém <quote>não existem</quote> na máquina local ou no espaço de nome separado). Nós atribuímos <systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> e <systemitem class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> para evitar um ID não nomeado. Porém, outras distribuições possivelmente tratem esse ID diferentemente, de forma que qualquer aplicativo portável não deveria depender dessa atribuição.
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
Some tests in <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/> need a regular user. We add this user here and delete this account at the end of that chapter.
Some tests in <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/> need a regular user. We add this user here and delete this account at the end of that chapter.
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
Some tests in <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/> need a regular user. We add this user here and delete this account at the end of that chapter.
Certains tests dans <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/> ont besoin d'un utilisateur normal. Nous ajoutons cet utilisateur ici et nous supprimons ce compte à la fin de ce chapitre.
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
Some tests in <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/> need a regular user. We add this user here and delete this account at the end of that chapter.
Alguns testes no <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/> precisam de um(a) usuário(a) regular. Nós adicionamos esse(a) usuário(a) aqui e deletamos essa conta ao final daquele capítulo.
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Some tests in <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/> need a regular user. We add this user here and delete this account at the end of that chapter.
<xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/>中的一些测试需要使用一个普通用户。我们这里创建一个用户，在那一章的末尾再删除该用户。
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
<userinput>echo "tester:x:101:101::/home/tester:/bin/bash" &gt;&gt; /etc/passwd
echo "tester:x:101:" &gt;&gt; /etc/group
install -o tester -d /home/tester</userinput>
<userinput>echo "tester:x:101:101::/home/tester:/bin/bash" &gt;&gt; /etc/passwd
echo "tester:x:101:" &gt;&gt; /etc/group
install -o tester -d /home/tester</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
<userinput>echo "tester:x:101:101::/home/tester:/bin/bash" &gt;&gt; /etc/passwd
echo "tester:x:101:" &gt;&gt; /etc/group
install -o tester -d /home/tester</userinput>
<userinput>echo "tester:x:101:101::/home/tester:/bin/bash" &gt;&gt; /etc/passwd
echo "tester:x:101:" &gt;&gt; /etc/group
install -o tester -d /home/tester</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
<userinput>echo "tester:x:101:101::/home/tester:/bin/bash" &gt;&gt; /etc/passwd
echo "tester:x:101:" &gt;&gt; /etc/group
install -o tester -d /home/tester</userinput>
<userinput>echo "tester:x:101:101::/home/tester:/bin/bash" &gt;&gt; /etc/passwd
echo "tester:x:101:" &gt;&gt; /etc/group
install -o tester -d /home/tester</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
To remove the <quote>I have no name!</quote> prompt, start a new shell. Since the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/group</filename> files have been created, user name and group name resolution will now work:
To remove the <quote>I have no name!</quote> prompt, start a new shell. Since the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/group</filename> files have been created, user name and group name resolution will now work:
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
To remove the <quote>I have no name!</quote> prompt, start a new shell. Since the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/group</filename> files have been created, user name and group name resolution will now work:
Pour supprimer l'invite <quote>I have no name!</quote>, démarrez un nouvel interpréteur de commandes. Puisque les fichiers <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> et <filename>/etc/group</filename> ont été créés, la résolution du nom d'utilisateur et du nom de groupe fonctionnera à présent&nbsp;:
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
To remove the <quote>I have no name!</quote> prompt, start a new shell. Since the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/group</filename> files have been created, user name and group name resolution will now work:
Para remover o prompt <quote>I have no name!</quote>, inicie um novo shell. Uma vez que os arquivos <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> e <filename>/etc/group</filename> tenham sido criados, a resolução de nome de usuária(o) e nome de grupo agora funcionará:
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
To remove the <quote>I have no name!</quote> prompt, start a new shell. Since the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/group</filename> files have been created, user name and group name resolution will now work:
为了移除 <quote>I have no name!</quote> 提示符，需要打开一个新 shell。由于已经创建了文件 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> 和 <filename>/etc/group</filename>，用户名和组名现在就可以正常解析了：
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
<userinput>exec /usr/bin/bash --login</userinput>
<userinput>exec /usr/bin/bash --login</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
<userinput>exec /usr/bin/bash --login</userinput>
<userinput>exec /usr/bin/bash --login</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
<userinput>exec /usr/bin/bash --login</userinput>
<userinput>exec /usr/bin/bash --login</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
The <command>login</command>, <command>agetty</command>, and <command>init</command> programs (and others) use a number of log files to record information such as who was logged into the system and when. However, these programs will not write to the log files if they do not already exist. Initialize the log files and give them proper permissions:
The <command>login</command>, <command>agetty</command>, and <command>init</command> programs (and others) use a number of log files to record information such as who was logged into the system and when. However, these programs will not write to the log files if they do not already exist. Initialize the log files and give them proper permissions:
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
The <command>login</command>, <command>agetty</command>, and <command>init</command> programs (and others) use a number of log files to record information such as who was logged into the system and when. However, these programs will not write to the log files if they do not already exist. Initialize the log files and give them proper permissions:
Les programmes <command>login</command>, <command>agetty</command> et <command>init</command>, entre autres, utilisent un certain nombre de fichiers journaux pour enregistrer des informations qui permettent de savoir qui s'est connecté sur le système et quand. Cependant, ces programmes n'écriront pas vers ces fichiers journaux s'ils n'existent pas déjà. Initialisez les fichiers journaux et donnez-leur les droits nécessaires&nbsp;:
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
The <command>login</command>, <command>agetty</command>, and <command>init</command> programs (and others) use a number of log files to record information such as who was logged into the system and when. However, these programs will not write to the log files if they do not already exist. Initialize the log files and give them proper permissions:
Os aplicativos <command>login</command>, <command>agetty</command> e <command>init</command> (e outros) usam um número de arquivos de registro para registrar informação, tais como quem esteve logada(o) no sistema e quando. Entretanto, esses aplicativos não escreverão nos arquivos de registro se eles já não existirem. Inicialize os arquivos de registro e dê a eles permissões adequadas:
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The <command>login</command>, <command>agetty</command>, and <command>init</command> programs (and others) use a number of log files to record information such as who was logged into the system and when. However, these programs will not write to the log files if they do not already exist. Initialize the log files and give them proper permissions:
<command>login</command>、<command>agetty</command> 和 <command>init</command> 等程序使用一些日志文件，以记录登录系统的用户和登录时间等信息。然而，这些程序不会创建不存在的日志文件。初始化日志文件，并为它们设置合适的访问权限：
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
<userinput>touch /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,faillog,wtmp}
chgrp -v utmp /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 664 /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 600 /var/log/btmp</userinput>
<userinput>touch /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,faillog,wtmp}
chgrp -v utmp /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 664 /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 600 /var/log/btmp</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
<userinput>touch /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,faillog,wtmp}
chgrp -v utmp /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 664 /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 600 /var/log/btmp</userinput>
<userinput>touch /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,faillog,wtmp}
chgrp -v utmp /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 664 /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 600 /var/log/btmp</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
<userinput>touch /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,faillog,wtmp}
chgrp -v utmp /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 664 /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 600 /var/log/btmp</userinput>
<userinput>touch /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,faillog,wtmp}
chgrp -v utmp /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 664 /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 600 /var/log/btmp</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput>touch /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,faillog,wtmp}
chgrp -v utmp /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 664 /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 600 /var/log/btmp</userinput>
<userinput>touch /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,faillog,wtmp}
chgrp -v utmp /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 664 /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 600 /var/log/btmp</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — English
The <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file records all logins and logouts. The <filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> file records when each user last logged in. The <filename>/var/log/faillog</filename> file records failed login attempts. The <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename> file records the bad login attempts.
The <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file records all logins and logouts. The <filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> file records when each user last logged in. The <filename>/var/log/faillog</filename> file records failed login attempts. The <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename> file records the bad login attempts.
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — French
The <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file records all logins and logouts. The <filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> file records when each user last logged in. The <filename>/var/log/faillog</filename> file records failed login attempts. The <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename> file records the bad login attempts.
Le fichier <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> enregistre toutes les connexions et les déconnexions. Le fichier <filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> enregistre le moment où chaque utilisateur s'est connecté pour la dernière fois. Le fichier <filename>/var/log/faillog</filename> enregistre les échecs de connexion. Le fichier <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename> enregistre les mauvaises tentatives de connexion.
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_createfiles — Portuguese (Brazil)
The <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file records all logins and logouts. The <filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> file records when each user last logged in. The <filename>/var/log/faillog</filename> file records failed login attempts. The <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename> file records the bad login attempts.
O arquivo <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> registra todos os logins e logouts. O arquivo <filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> registra quando cada usuária(o) se logou pela última vez. O arquivo <filename>/var/log/faillog</filename> registra tentativas de login falhas. O arquivo <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename> registra tentativas de login inválidas.