7 strings / 325 words

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Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_chroot — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Now that all the packages which are required to build the rest of the needed tools are on the system, it is time to enter the chroot environment and finish installing the temporary tools. This environment will also be used to install the final system. As user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>, run the following command to enter the environment that is, at the moment, populated with nothing but temporary tools:
现在已经准备好了所有继续构建其余工具时必要的软件包，可以进入 chroot 环境并完成剩余临时工具的安装。在安装最终的系统时，会继续使用这个 chroot 环境。以 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> 用户身份，运行以下命令以进入当前只包含临时工具的 chroot 环境：
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_chroot — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput>chroot "$LFS" /usr/bin/env -i \
HOME=/root \
TERM="$TERM" \
PS1='(lfs chroot) \u:\w\$ ' \
PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin \
MAKEFLAGS="-j<replaceable>$(nproc)</replaceable>" \
TESTSUITEFLAGS="-j<replaceable>$(nproc)</replaceable>" \
/bin/bash --login</userinput>
<userinput>chroot "$LFS" /usr/bin/env -i \
HOME=/root \
TERM="$TERM" \
PS1='(lfs chroot) \u:\w\$ ' \
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin \
/bin/bash --login +h</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_chroot — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
If you don't want to use all available logical cores, replace <replaceable>$(nproc)</replaceable> with the number of logical cores you want to use for building packages in this chapter and the following chapters. The test suites of some packages (notably Autoconf, Libtool, and Tar) in &ch-final; are not affected by <envar>MAKEFLAGS</envar>, they use a <envar>TESTSUITEFLAGS</envar> environment variable instead. We set that here as well for running these test suites with multiple cores.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_chroot — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The <parameter>-i</parameter> option given to the <command>env</command> command will clear all the variables in the chroot environment. After that, only the <envar>HOME</envar>, <envar>TERM</envar>, <envar>PS1</envar>, and <envar>PATH</envar> variables are set again. The <parameter>TERM=$TERM</parameter> construct sets the <envar>TERM</envar> variable inside chroot to the same value as outside chroot. This variable is needed so programs like <command>vim</command> and <command>less</command> can operate properly. If other variables are desired, such as <envar>CFLAGS</envar> or <envar>CXXFLAGS</envar>, this is a good place to set them.
通过传递 <parameter>-i</parameter> 选项给 <command>env</command> 命令，可以清除 chroot 环境中的所有环境变量。随后，只重新设定 <envar>HOME</envar>，<envar>TERM</envar>，<envar>PS1</envar>，以及 <envar>PATH</envar> 变量。参数 <parameter>TERM=$TERM</parameter> 将 chroot 环境中的 <envar>TERM</envar> 变量设为和 chroot 环境外相同的值。一些程序需要这个变量才能正常工作，例如 <command>vim</command> 和 <command>less</command>。如果需要设定其他变量，例如 <envar>CFLAGS</envar> 或 <envar>CXXFLAGS</envar>，也可以在这里设定。
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_chroot — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
From this point on, there is no need to use the <envar>LFS</envar> variable any more because all work will be restricted to the LFS file system; the <command>chroot</command> command runs the Bash shell with the root (<filename class="directory">/</filename>) directory set to <filename class='directory'>$LFS</filename>.
从现在开始，就不再需要使用 <envar>LFS</envar> 环境变量，因为所有工作都被局限在 LFS 文件系统内。这是由于 Bash 被告知 <filename class="directory">$LFS</filename> 现在是根目录 (<filename class="directory">/</filename>)。
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_chroot — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Notice that <filename class="directory">/tools/bin</filename> is not in the <envar>PATH</envar>. This means that the cross toolchain will no longer be used.
注意 <filename class="directory">/tools/bin</filename> 不在 <envar>PATH</envar> 中。这意味着交叉工具链在 chroot 环境中不被再使用。这还需要保证 shell 不<quote>记忆</quote>执行过的程序的位置 —— 因此需要传递 <parameter>+h</parameter> 参数给 <command>bash</command> 以关闭散列功能。
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter07_chroot — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Also note that the <command>bash</command> prompt will say <computeroutput>I have no name!</computeroutput> This is normal because the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file has not been created yet.
注意 <command>bash</command> 的提示符会包含 <computeroutput>I have no name!</computeroutput>。这是正常的，因为现在还没有创建 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> 文件。