13 strings / 342 words

Translation Source string Target string
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
When logged in as user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>, making a single mistake can damage or destroy a system. Therefore, the packages in the next two chapters are built as an unprivileged user. You could use your own user name, but to make it easier to set up a clean working environment, we will create a new user called <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> as a member of a new group (also named <systemitem class="groupname">lfs</systemitem>) and run commands as &lfs-user; during the installation process. As <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>, issue the following commands to add the new user:
在作为 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> 用户登录时，一个微小的错误就可能损坏甚至摧毁整个系统。因此，我们建议在后续两章中，以非特权用户身份编译软件包。您可以使用自己的系统用户，但为了更容易地建立一个干净的工作环境，最好创建一个名为 <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> 的新用户，以及它从属于的一个新组 (组名也是 <systemitem class="groupname">lfs</systemitem>)，以便我们在安装过程中使用。为了创建新用户，以 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> 身份执行以下命令：
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput>groupadd &lfs-groupname;
useradd -s /bin/bash -g &lfs-groupname; -m -k /dev/null &lfs-username;</userinput>
<userinput>groupadd lfs
useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
This is what the command line options mean:
命令行各选项的含义:
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
This parameter prevents possible copying of files from a skeleton directory (the default is <filename class="directory">/etc/skel</filename>) by changing the input location to the special null device.
将模板目录设置为空设备文件，从而不从默认模板目录 (<filename class="directory">/etc/skel</filename>) 复制文件到新的主目录。
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
This is the name of the new user.
要创建的用户的名称。
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
If you want to log in as &lfs-user; or switch to &lfs-user; from a non-&root; user (as opposed to switching to user &lfs-user; when logged in as &root;, which does not require the &lfs-user; user to have a password), you need to set a password for &lfs-user;. Issue the following command as the &root; user to set the password:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput>passwd &lfs-username;</userinput>
<userinput>passwd lfs</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Grant <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> full access to all the directories under <filename class="directory">$LFS</filename> by making <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> the owner:
将 <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> 设为 <filename class="directory">$LFS</filename> 中所有目录的所有者，使 <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> 对它们拥有完全访问权：
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput>chown -v &lfs-username; $LFS/{usr{,/*},var,etc,tools}
case $(uname -m) in
x86_64) chown -v &lfs-username; $LFS/lib64 ;;
esac</userinput>
<userinput>chown -v lfs $LFS/{usr,lib,var,etc,bin,sbin,tools}
case $(uname -m) in
x86_64) chown -v lfs $LFS/lib64 ;;
esac</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
In some host systems, the following <command>su</command> command does not complete properly and suspends the login for the &lfs-user; user to the background. If the prompt "lfs:~$" does not appear immediately, entering the <command>fg</command> command will fix the issue.
在某些宿主系统上，下面的命令不会正确完成，而会将 lfs 用户的登录会话挂起到后台。如果提示符 “lfs:~$” 没有很快出现，输入 <command>fg</command> 命令以修复这个问题。
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Next, start a shell running as user &lfs-user;. This can be done by logging in as &lfs-user; on a virtual console, or with the following substitute/switch user command:
下面以 <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> 的身份登录。可以通过虚拟控制台或者显示管理器登录，也可以使用下面的命令切换用户：
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput>su - &lfs-username;</userinput>
<userinput>su - lfs</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The <quote><parameter>-</parameter></quote> instructs <command>su</command> to start a login shell as opposed to a non-login shell. The difference between these two types of shells is described in detail in <ulink role='man' url='&man;bash.1'>bash(1)</ulink> and <command>info bash</command>.
参数 <quote><parameter>-</parameter></quote> 使得 <command>su</command> 启动一个登录 shell，而不是非登录 shell。您可以阅读 <filename>bash(1)</filename> 和 <command>info bash</command> 详细了解它们的区别。