14 strings / 842 words

Translation Source string Target string
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter02_hostreqs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Hardware
 
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter02_hostreqs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The LFS editors recommend that the system CPU have at least four cores and that the system have at least 8 GB of memory. Older systems that do not meet these requirements will still work, but the time to build packages will be significantly longer than documented.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter02_hostreqs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Software
 
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter02_hostreqs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Your host system should have the following software with the minimum versions indicated. This should not be an issue for most modern Linux distributions. Also note that many distributions will place software headers into separate packages, often in the form of <literal><replaceable>&lt;package-name&gt;</replaceable>-devel</literal> or <literal><replaceable>&lt;package-name&gt;</replaceable>-dev</literal>. Be sure to install those if your distribution provides them.
您的宿主系统必须拥有下列软件，且版本不能低于我们给出的最低版本。对于大多数现代 Linux 发行版来说这不成问题。要注意的是，很多发行版会把软件的头文件放在单独的软件包中，这些软件包的名称往往是 <quote>&lt;软件包名&gt;-devel</quote> 或者 <quote>&lt;软件包名&gt;-dev</quote>。如果您的发行版为下列软件提供了这类软件包，一定要安装它们。
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter02_hostreqs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<emphasis role="strong">Binutils-2.13.1</emphasis> (Versions greater than &binutils-version; are not recommended as they have not been tested)
<emphasis role="strong">Binutils-2.25</emphasis> (比 &binutils-version; 更新的版本未经测试，不推荐使用)
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter02_hostreqs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<emphasis role="strong">Bison-2.7</emphasis> (/usr/bin/yacc should be a link to bison or a small script that executes bison)
<emphasis role="strong">Bison-2.7</emphasis> (/usr/bin/yacc 必须是到 bison 的链接，或者是一个执行 bison 的小脚本)
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter02_hostreqs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<emphasis role="strong">Coreutils-8.1</emphasis>
<emphasis role="strong">Coreutils-6.9</emphasis>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter02_hostreqs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<emphasis role="strong">GCC-5.2</emphasis> including the C++ compiler, <command>g++</command> (Versions greater than &gcc-version; are not recommended as they have not been tested). C and C++ standard libraries (with headers) must also be present so the C++ compiler can build hosted programs
<emphasis role="strong">GCC-6.2</emphasis> 包括 C++ 编译器, <command>g++</command> (比 &gcc-version; 更新的版本未经测试，不推荐使用)
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter02_hostreqs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The reason for the kernel version requirement is that we specify that version when building <application>glibc</application> in <xref linkend="chapter-cross-tools"/> and <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/>, so the workarounds for older kernels are not enabled and the compiled <application>glibc</application> is slightly faster and smaller. As at Dec 2024, &min-kernel; is the oldest kernel release still supported by the kernel developers. Some kernel releases older than &min-kernel; may be still supported by third-party teams, but they are not considered official upstream kernel releases; read <ulink url='https://kernel.org/category/releases.html'/> for the details.
内核版本的要求是为了符合第 6 章中编译 <application>glibc</application> 时开发者推荐的配置选项。udev 也要求一定的内核版本。
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter02_hostreqs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
If the host kernel is earlier than &min-kernel; you will need to replace the kernel with a more up-to-date version. There are two ways you can go about this. First, see if your Linux vendor provides a &min-kernel; or later kernel package. If so, you may wish to install it. If your vendor doesn't offer an acceptable kernel package, or you would prefer not to install it, you can compile a kernel yourself. Instructions for compiling the kernel and configuring the boot loader (assuming the host uses GRUB) are located in <xref linkend="chapter-bootable"/>.
如果宿主内核比 &min-kernel; 更早，您需要将内核升级到较新的版本。升级内核有两种方法，如果您的发行版供应商提供了 &min-kernel; 或更新的内核软件包，您可以直接安装它。如果供应商没有提供一个足够新的内核包，或者您不想安装它，您可以自己编译内核。编译内核和配置启动引导器 (假设宿主使用 GRUB) 的步骤在<xref linkend="chapter-bootable"/>中。
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter02_hostreqs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
We require the host kernel to support UNIX 98 pseudo terminal (PTY). It should be enabled on all desktop or server distros shipping Linux &min-kernel; or a newer kernel. If you are building a custom host kernel, ensure <option>CONFIG_UNIX98_PTYS</option> is set to <literal>y</literal> in the kernel configuration.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter02_hostreqs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<emphasis role="strong">Texinfo-5.0</emphasis>
<emphasis role="strong">Texinfo-4.7</emphasis>
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter02_hostreqs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
To see whether your host system has all the appropriate versions, and the ability to compile programs, run the following commands:
为了确定您的宿主系统拥有每个软件的合适版本，且能够编译程序，请运行下列脚本。
Linux From Scratch 12.3/chapter02_hostreqs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<?dbfo keep-together="auto"?><userinput>cat &gt; version-check.sh &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>#!/bin/bash
# A script to list version numbers of critical development tools

# If you have tools installed in other directories, adjust PATH here AND
# in ~lfs/.bashrc (section 4.4) as well.

LC_ALL=C
PATH=/usr/bin:/bin

bail() { echo "FATAL: $1"; exit 1; }
grep --version > /dev/null 2> /dev/null || bail "grep does not work"
sed '' /dev/null || bail "sed does not work"
sort /dev/null || bail "sort does not work"

ver_check()
{
if ! type -p $2 &amp;>/dev/null
then
echo "ERROR: Cannot find $2 ($1)"; return 1;
fi
v=$($2 --version 2>&amp;1 | grep -E -o '[0-9]+\.[0-9\.]+[a-z]*' | head -n1)
if printf '%s\n' $3 $v | sort --version-sort --check &amp;>/dev/null
then
printf "OK: %-9s %-6s >= $3\n" "$1" "$v"; return 0;
else
printf "ERROR: %-9s is TOO OLD ($3 or later required)\n" "$1";
return 1;
fi
}

ver_kernel()
{
kver=$(uname -r | grep -E -o '^[0-9\.]+')
if printf '%s\n' $1 $kver | sort --version-sort --check &amp;>/dev/null
then
printf "OK: Linux Kernel $kver >= $1\n"; return 0;
else
printf "ERROR: Linux Kernel ($kver) is TOO OLD ($1 or later required)\n" "$kver";
return 1;
fi
}

# Coreutils first because --version-sort needs Coreutils >= 7.0
ver_check Coreutils sort 8.1 || bail "Coreutils too old, stop"
ver_check Bash bash 3.2
ver_check Binutils ld 2.13.1
ver_check Bison bison 2.7
ver_check Diffutils diff 2.8.1
ver_check Findutils find 4.2.31
ver_check Gawk gawk 4.0.1
ver_check GCC gcc 5.2
ver_check "GCC (C++)" g++ 5.2
ver_check Grep grep 2.5.1a
ver_check Gzip gzip 1.3.12
ver_check M4 m4 1.4.10
ver_check Make make 4.0
ver_check Patch patch 2.5.4
ver_check Perl perl 5.8.8
ver_check Python python3 3.4
ver_check Sed sed 4.1.5
ver_check Tar tar 1.22
ver_check Texinfo texi2any 5.0
ver_check Xz xz 5.0.0
ver_kernel &min-kernel;

if mount | grep -q 'devpts on /dev/pts' &amp;&amp; [ -e /dev/ptmx ]
then echo "OK: Linux Kernel supports UNIX 98 PTY";
else echo "ERROR: Linux Kernel does NOT support UNIX 98 PTY"; fi

alias_check() {
if $1 --version 2>&amp;1 | grep -qi $2
then printf "OK: %-4s is $2\n" "$1";
else printf "ERROR: %-4s is NOT $2\n" "$1"; fi
}
echo "Aliases:"
alias_check awk GNU
alias_check yacc Bison
alias_check sh Bash

echo "Compiler check:"
if printf "int main(){}" | g++ -x c++ -
then echo "OK: g++ works";
else echo "ERROR: g++ does NOT work"; fi
rm -f a.out

if [ "$(nproc)" = "" ]; then
echo "ERROR: nproc is not available or it produces empty output"
else
echo "OK: nproc reports $(nproc) logical cores are available"
fi</literal>
EOF

bash version-check.sh</userinput>