2. Linux From Scratch 12.2
3. chapter04_addinguser
4. Search

Filters

• Untranslated strings • state:empty
• Unfinished strings • state:<translated
• Translated strings • state:>=translated
• Strings marked for edit • state:needs-editing
• Strings with suggestions • has:suggestion
• Strings with variants • has:variant
• Strings with screenshots • has:screenshot
• Strings with labels • has:label
• Strings with context • has:context
• Unfinished strings without suggestions • state:<translated AND NOT has:suggestion
• Strings with comments • has:comment
• Strings with any failing checks • has:check
• Approved strings • state:approved
• Strings waiting for review • state:translated

state:<translated

Position and priority

• Position and priority
• Position
• Priority
• Labels
• Source string
• Target string
• String age
• Last updated
• Number of words
• Number of comments
• Number of failing checks
• Key
• String location

	Translation	Source string	Target string
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	Adding the LFS User
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)	When logged in as user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>, making a single mistake can damage or destroy a system. Therefore, the packages in the next two chapters are built as an unprivileged user. You could use your own user name, but to make it easier to set up a clean working environment, we will create a new user called <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> as a member of a new group (also named <systemitem class="groupname">lfs</systemitem>) and run commands as &lfs-user; during the installation process. As <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>, issue the following commands to add the new user:	在作为 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> 用户登录时，一个微小的错误就可能损坏甚至摧毁整个系统。因此，我们建议在后续两章中，以非特权用户身份编译软件包。您可以使用自己的系统用户，但为了更容易地建立一个干净的工作环境，最好创建一个名为 <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> 的新用户，以及它从属于的一个新组 (组名也是 <systemitem class="groupname">lfs</systemitem>)，以便我们在安装过程中使用。为了创建新用户，以 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> 身份执行以下命令：
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	When logged in as user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>, making a single mistake can damage or destroy a system. Therefore, the packages in the next two chapters are built as an unprivileged user. You could use your own user name, but to make it easier to set up a clean working environment, we will create a new user called <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> as a member of a new group (also named <systemitem class="groupname">lfs</systemitem>) and run commands as &lfs-user; during the installation process. As <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>, issue the following commands to add the new user:
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	<userinput>groupadd lfs useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs</userinput>
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)	This is what the command line options mean:	命令行各选项的含义:
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	This is what the command line options mean:
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	<parameter>-s /bin/bash</parameter>
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	This makes <command>bash</command> the default shell for user <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem>.
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	<parameter>-g lfs</parameter>
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	This option adds user <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> to group <systemitem class="groupname">lfs</systemitem>.
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	<parameter>-m</parameter>
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	This creates a home directory for <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem>.
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	<parameter>-k /dev/null</parameter>
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)	This parameter prevents possible copying of files from a skeleton directory (the default is <filename class="directory">/etc/skel</filename>) by changing the input location to the special null device.	将模板目录设置为空设备文件，从而不从默认模板目录 (<filename class="directory">/etc/skel</filename>) 复制文件到新的主目录。
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	This parameter prevents possible copying of files from a skeleton directory (the default is <filename class="directory">/etc/skel</filename>) by changing the input location to the special null device.
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	<parameter>lfs</parameter>
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)	This is the name of the new user.	要创建的用户的名称。
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	This is the name of the new user.
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)	If you want to log in as &lfs-user; or switch to &lfs-user; from a non-&root; user (as opposed to switching to user &lfs-user; when logged in as &root;, which does not require the &lfs-user; user to have a password), you need to set a password for &lfs-user;. Issue the following command as the &root; user to set the password:
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	If you want to log in as &lfs-user; or switch to &lfs-user; from a non-&root; user (as opposed to switching to user &lfs-user; when logged in as &root;, which does not require the &lfs-user; user to have a password), you need to set a password for &lfs-user;. Issue the following command as the &root; user to set the password:
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	<userinput>passwd lfs</userinput>
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)	Grant <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> full access to all the directories under <filename class="directory">$LFS</filename> by making <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> the owner:	将 <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> 设为 <filename class="directory">$LFS</filename> 中所有目录的所有者，使 <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> 对它们拥有完全访问权：
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	Grant <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> full access to all the directories under <filename class="directory">$LFS</filename> by making <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> the owner:
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)	<userinput>chown -v lfs $LFS/{usr{,/*},lib,var,etc,bin,sbin,tools} case $(uname -m) in x86_64) chown -v lfs $LFS/lib64 ;; esac</userinput>	<userinput>chown -v lfs $LFS/{usr,lib,var,etc,bin,sbin,tools} case $(uname -m) in x86_64) chown -v lfs $LFS/lib64 ;; esac</userinput>
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	<userinput>chown -v lfs $LFS/{usr{,/*},lib,var,etc,bin,sbin,tools} case $(uname -m) in x86_64) chown -v lfs $LFS/lib64 ;; esac</userinput>
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)	In some host systems, the following <command>su</command> command does not complete properly and suspends the login for the &lfs-user; user to the background. If the prompt "lfs:~$" does not appear immediately, entering the <command>fg</command> command will fix the issue.	在某些宿主系统上，下面的命令不会正确完成，而会将 lfs 用户的登录会话挂起到后台。如果提示符 “lfs:~$” 没有很快出现，输入 <command>fg</command> 命令以修复这个问题。
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	In some host systems, the following <command>su</command> command does not complete properly and suspends the login for the &lfs-user; user to the background. If the prompt "lfs:~$" does not appear immediately, entering the <command>fg</command> command will fix the issue.
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)	Next, start a shell running as user &lfs-user;. This can be done by logging in as &lfs-user; on a virtual console, or with the following substitute/switch user command:	下面以 <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> 的身份登录。可以通过虚拟控制台或者显示管理器登录，也可以使用下面的命令切换用户：
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	Next, start a shell running as user &lfs-user;. This can be done by logging in as &lfs-user; on a virtual console, or with the following substitute/switch user command:
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	<userinput>su - lfs</userinput>
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Chinese (Simplified Han script)	The <quote><parameter>-</parameter></quote> instructs <command>su</command> to start a login shell as opposed to a non-login shell. The difference between these two types of shells is described in detail in <ulink role='man' url='&man;bash.1'>bash(1)</ulink> and <command>info bash</command>.	参数 <quote><parameter>-</parameter></quote> 使得 <command>su</command> 启动一个登录 shell，而不是非登录 shell。您可以阅读 <filename>bash(1)</filename> 和 <command>info bash</command> 详细了解它们的区别。
	Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish	The <quote><parameter>-</parameter></quote> instructs <command>su</command> to start a login shell as opposed to a non-login shell. The difference between these two types of shells is described in detail in <ulink role='man' url='&man;bash.1'>bash(1)</ulink> and <command>info bash</command>.