Translation Source string Target string
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_libcap — Spanish
Installation of Libcap
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_iana-etc — Spanish
Installation of Iana-Etc
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/prologue_typography — Spanish
Please configure your browser to display fixed-width text with a good monospaced font, with which you can distinguish the glyphs of <literal>Il1</literal> or <literal>O0</literal> clearly.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/prologue_why — Spanish
This package contains programs for generating Make files from a template. It is often needed to rebuild a package after the build procedure has been updated.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/prologue_organization — Spanish
Part IV guides the reader through the building of the LFS system&mdash;compiling and installing all the packages one by one, setting up the boot scripts, and installing the kernel. The resulting Linux system is the foundation on which other software can be built to expand the system as desired. At the end of this book, there is an easy to use reference listing all of the programs, libraries, and important files that have been installed.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/prologue_foreword — Spanish
--
Gerard Beekmans
gerard@linuxfromscratch.org
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/prologue_bookinfo — Spanish
Editor: DJ
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter09_networkd — Spanish
Network Device Naming
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter09_introductiond — Spanish
<xref linkend="ch-config-clock" role="."/>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter09_consoled — Spanish
This variable can be used to configure a second toggle keymap and is unset by default.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter09_udev — Spanish
With the development of the unstable 2.5 kernel tree, later released as the 2.6 series of stable kernels, a new virtual filesystem called <systemitem class="filesystem">sysfs</systemitem> came to be. The job of <systemitem class="filesystem">sysfs</systemitem> is to provide information about the system's hardware configuration to userspace processes. With this userspace-visible representation, it became possible to develop a userspace replacement for <systemitem class="filesystem">devfs</systemitem>.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter09_clock — Spanish
You can also use the <command>timedatectl</command> utility to tell <command>systemd-timedated</command> if your hardware clock is set to UTC or local time:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter11_theend — Spanish
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/lsb-release &lt;&lt; "EOF"
DISTRIB_ID="Linux From Scratch"
DISTRIB_RELEASE="&version;"
DISTRIB_CODENAME="&lt;your name here&gt;"
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Linux From Scratch"
EOF</userinput>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter09_network — Spanish
The values in italics must be changed in each file, to set the interfaces up correctly.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter09_usage — Spanish
Configuring SysVinit
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter09_locale — Spanish
Replace <replaceable>&lt;ll&gt;</replaceable> below with the two-letter code for your desired language (e.g., <literal>en</literal>) and <replaceable>&lt;CC&gt;</replaceable> with the two-letter code for the appropriate country (e.g., <literal>GB</literal>). <replaceable>&lt;charmap&gt;</replaceable> should be replaced with the canonical charmap for your chosen locale. Optional modifiers such as <literal>@euro</literal> may also be present.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter09_symlinks — Spanish
Now, inspect the <filename>/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules</filename> file, to find out which name was assigned to which network device:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter09_bootscripts — Spanish
Installation of LFS-Bootscripts
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter09_systemd-custom — Spanish
By default, <filename class="directory">/tmp</filename> is created as a tmpfs. If this is not desired, it can be overridden by executing the following command:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter06_binutils-pass2 — Spanish
Installation of Binutils
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter06_findutils — Spanish
Installation of Findutils
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter06_sed — Spanish
Installation of Sed
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter06_make — Spanish
Installation of Make
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter06_coreutils — Spanish
Installation of Coreutils
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter06_xz — Spanish
Installation of Xz
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter06_bash — Spanish
Installation of Bash
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter06_patch — Spanish
Installation of Patch
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter06_gcc-pass2 — Spanish
&gcc-tmpp2-du;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter06_ncurses — Spanish
Installation of Ncurses
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter06_gawk — Spanish
Installation of Gawk
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter06_m4 — Spanish
Installation of M4
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter06_gzip — Spanish
Installation of Gzip
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter06_grep — Spanish
Installation of Grep
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter06_tar — Spanish
Installation of Tar
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter11_whatnow — Spanish
LFS Hints
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter11_reboot — Spanish
/etc/inputrc
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter11_afterlfs — Spanish
This method provides a complete graphical environment where a full featured browser and copy/paste capabilities are available. This method allows using applications like the host's version of wget to download package sources to a location available when working in the chroot environment.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter05_glibc — Spanish
Installation of Glibc
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter05_linux-headers — Spanish
&linux-headers-tmp-du;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter05_gcc-pass1 — Spanish
&gcc-tmpp1-du;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter05_libstdc__ — Spanish
&libstdcpp-tmpp1-du;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter05_binutils-pass1 — Spanish
&binutils-tmpp1-du;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter03_packages — Spanish
Home page: <ulink url="&attr-home;"/>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter03_introduction — Spanish
There are several ways to obtain all the necessary packages and patches to build LFS:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter03_patches — Spanish
Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&expect-gcc14-patch;"/>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter01_how — Spanish
In <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/> the full-blown LFS system is built. Another advantage provided by the chroot environment is that it allows you to continue using the host system while LFS is being built. While waiting for package compilations to complete, you can continue using your computer as usual.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter01_changelog — Spanish
2024-08-17
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter01_whatsnew — Spanish
Expat-&expat-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/part3intro_generalinstructions — Spanish
The build instructions assume that the <xref linkend='ch-partitioning-hostreqs'/>, including symbolic links, have been set properly:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter01_resources — Spanish
Chapter&nbsp;1 - Mirror sites
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/part3intro_toolchaintechnotes — Spanish
is the machine where we build programs. Note that this machine is also referred to as the <quote>host.</quote>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter09_introduction — Spanish
Easy to customize.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter07_cleanup — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
All the remaining steps in this section are optional. Nevertheless, as soon as you begin installing packages in <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/>, the temporary files will be overwritten. So it may be a good idea to do a backup of the current system as described below.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_wheel — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Compile Wheel with the following command:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_man-pages — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Remove two man pages for password hashing functions. <application>Libxcrypt</application> will provide a better version of these man pages:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_udev — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Udev is part of the systemd-&systemd-version; package. Use the systemd-&systemd-version;.tar.xz file as the source tarball.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_grub — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
If your system has UEFI support and you wish to boot LFS with UEFI, you need to install GRUB with UEFI support (and its dependencies) by following the instructions on <ulink url="&blfs-book;postlfs/grub-efi.html">the BLFS page</ulink>. You may skip this package, or install this package and the BLFS GRUB for UEFI package without conflict (the BLFS page provides instructions for both cases).
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_expect — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Expect needs PTYs to work. Verify that the PTYs are working properly inside the chroot environment by performing a simple test:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_pkgconf — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Prepare Pkgconf for compilation:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_markupsafe — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Compile MarkupSafe with the following command:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_jinja2 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Build the package:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_libxcrypt — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Prepare Libxcrypt for compilation:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_dejagnu — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The upstream recommends building DejaGNU in a dedicated build directory:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_lz4 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Compile the package:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_setuptools — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Build the package:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_inetutils — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
First, make the package build with gcc-14.1 or later::
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_flit-core — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Build the package:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_sysklogd — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Prepare the package for compilation:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_grep — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
First, remove a warning about using egrep and fgrep that makes tests on some packages fail:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_shadow — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
If you've installed Linux-PAM, you should follow <ulink url='&blfs-book;postlfs/shadow.xml'>the BLFS shadow page</ulink> instead of this page to build (or, rebuild or upgrade) shadow.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter06_binutils-pass2 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Binutils building system relies on an shipped libtool copy to link against internal static libraries, but the libiberty and zlib copies shipped in the package do not use libtool. This inconsistency may cause produced binaries mistakenly linked against libraries from the host distro. Work around this issue:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter06_file — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The <command>file</command> command on the build host needs to be the same version as the one we are building in order to create the signature file. Run the following commands to make a temporary copy of the <command>file</command> command:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter11_afterlfs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
In order to properly build packages in chroot, you will also need to remember to mount the virtual file systems if they are not already mounted. One way to do this is to create a script on the <emphasis role="bold">HOST</emphasis> system:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter02_stages — Spanish
A few operations, from <quote>Changing Ownership</quote> to <quote>Entering the Chroot Environment,</quote> must be done as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user, with the LFS environment variable set for the &root; user.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter02_hostreqs — Spanish
<emphasis role="strong">Diffutils-2.8.1</emphasis>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter02_mounting — Spanish
/dev/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /mnt/lfs ext4 defaults 1 1
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter02_creatingpartition — Spanish
A root LFS partition (not to be confused with the <filename class="directory">/root</filename> directory) of twenty gigabytes is a good compromise for most systems. It provides enough space to build LFS and most of BLFS, but is small enough so that multiple partitions can be easily created for experimentation.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter02_creatingfilesystem — Spanish
LFS assumes that the root file system (/) is of type ext4. To create an <systemitem class="filesystem">ext4</systemitem> file system on the LFS partition, issue the following command:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter07_createfiles — Spanish
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/hosts &lt;&lt; EOF
<literal>127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname)
::1 localhost</literal>
EOF</userinput>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter07_texinfo — Spanish
Prepare Texinfo for compilation:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter07_kernfs — Spanish
Now mount the remaining virtual kernel file systems:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter07_cleanup — Spanish
All the remaining steps in this section are optional. Nevertheless, as soon as you begin installing packages in <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/>, the temporary files will be overwritten. So it may be a good idea to do a backup of the current system as described below.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter07_perl — Spanish
Prepare Perl for compilation:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter07_creatingdirs — Spanish
This directory tree is based on the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) (available at <ulink url="https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/fhs.shtml"/>). The FHS also specifies the optional existence of additional directories such as <filename class="directory">/usr/local/games</filename> and <filename class="directory">/usr/share/games</filename>. In LFS, we create only the directories that are really necessary. However, feel free to create more directories, if you wish.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter10_kernel — Spanish
Building the kernel involves a few steps&mdash;configuration, compilation, and installation. Read the <filename>README</filename> file in the kernel source tree for alternative methods to the way this book configures the kernel.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter07_gettext — Spanish
For our temporary set of tools, we only need to install three programs from Gettext.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter07_python — Spanish
There are two package files whose name starts with the <quote>python</quote> prefix. The one to extract from is <filename>Python-&python-version;.tar.xz</filename> (notice the uppercase first letter).
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter07_bison — Spanish
Prepare Bison for compilation:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter10_grub — Spanish
Setting Up the Configuration
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter10_fstab — Spanish
Note that using <option>iocharset</option> is the default for <literal>iso8859-1</literal> (which keeps the file system case insensitive), and the <option>utf8</option> option tells the kernel to convert the file names using UTF-8 so they can be interpreted in the UTF-8 locale.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/appendices_dependencies — Spanish
Attr and Glibc
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/appendices_creat-comm — Spanish
"Derivative Work" means a work based upon the Work or upon the Work and other pre-existing works, such as a translation, musical arrangement, dramatization, fictionalization, motion picture version, sound recording, art reproduction, abridgment, condensation, or any other form in which the Work may be recast, transformed, or adapted, except that a work that constitutes a Collective Work will not be considered a Derivative Work for the purpose of this License. For the avoidance of doubt, where the Work is a musical composition or sound recording, the synchronization of the Work in timed-relation with a moving image ("synching") will be considered a Derivative Work for the purpose of this License.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/appendices_acknowledgments — Spanish
Translators
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_settingenviron — Spanish
Setting the user file-creation mask (umask) to 022 ensures that newly created files and directories are only writable by their owner, but are readable and executable by anyone (assuming default modes are used by the <ulink role='man' url='&man;open.2'>open(2)</ulink> system call, new files will end up with permission mode 644 and directories with mode 755).
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter04_addinguser — Spanish
<parameter>-k /dev/null</parameter>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_intltool — Spanish
First fix a warning that is caused by perl-5.22 and later:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_autoconf — Spanish
Prepare Autoconf for compilation:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_wheel — Spanish
Compile Wheel with the following command:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_gmp — Spanish
<userinput><parameter>ABI=32</parameter> ./configure ...</userinput>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.2/chapter08_libffi — Spanish
Installation of Libffi