Translation Source string Target string
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter11_whatnow — Greek
Now that the LFS system is installed, you may be wondering <quote>What next?</quote> To answer that question, we have compiled a list of resources for you.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter11_reboot — Greek
Install any <ulink url='&blfs-book;postlfs/firmware.html'>firmware</ulink> needed if the kernel driver for your hardware requires some firmware files to function properly.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter11_afterlfs — Greek
Now that LFS is complete and you have a bootable system, what do you do? The next step is to decide how to use it. Generally, there are two broad categories to consider: workstation or server. Indeed, these categories are not mutually exclusive. The applications needed for each category can be combined onto a single system, but let's look at them separately for now.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter11_theend — Greek
/etc/lsb-release
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter05_introduction — Greek
The programs compiled in this chapter will be installed under the <filename class="directory">$LFS/tools</filename> directory to keep them separate from the files installed in the following chapters. The libraries, on the other hand, are installed into their final place, since they pertain to the system we want to build.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter05_linux-headers — Greek
Linux-&linux-version; API Headers
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter03_packages — Greek
The upstream sources may remove old releases, especially when those releases contain a security vulnerability. If one URL below is not reachable, you should read the security advisories first to figure out if a newer version (with the vulnerability fixed) should be used. If not, try to download the removed package from a mirror. Although it's possible to download an old release from a mirror even if this release has been removed because of a vulnerability, it's not a good idea to use a release known to be vulnerable when building your system.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter03_patches — Greek
Bzip2 Documentation Patch - <token>&bzip2-docs-patch-size;</token>:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/part3intro_introduction — Greek
This is where the real work of building a new system begins. Be very careful to follow the instructions exactly as the book shows them. You should try to understand what each command does, and no matter how eager you are to finish your build, you should refrain from blindly typing the commands as shown. Read the documentation when there is something you do not understand. Also, keep track of your typing and of the output of commands, by using the <command>tee</command> utility to send the terminal output to a file. This makes debugging easier if something goes wrong.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/part3intro_generalinstructions — Greek
Several packages are patched before compilation, but only when the patch is needed to circumvent a problem. A patch is often needed in both the current and the following chapters, but sometimes, when the same package is built more than once, the patch is not needed right away. Therefore, do not be concerned if instructions for a downloaded patch seem to be missing. Warning messages about <emphasis>offset</emphasis> or <emphasis>fuzz</emphasis> may also be encountered when applying a patch. Do not worry about these warnings; the patch was still successfully applied.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/part3intro_toolchaintechnotes — Greek
The overall goal of <xref linkend="chapter-cross-tools"/> and <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> is to produce a temporary area containing a set of tools that are known to be good, and that are isolated from the host system. By using the <command>chroot</command> command, the compilations in the remaining chapters will be isolated within that environment, ensuring a clean, trouble-free build of the target LFS system. The build process has been designed to minimize the risks for new readers, and to provide the most educational value at the same time.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter02_stages — Greek
Chapters&nbsp;1&ndash;4
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_texinfo — Greek
Texinfo-&texinfo-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_introduction — Greek
For proper operation of the isolated environment, some communication with the running kernel must be established. This is done via the so-called <emphasis>Virtual Kernel File Systems</emphasis>, which will be mounted before entering the chroot environment. You may want to verify that they are mounted by issuing the <command>findmnt</command> command.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_cleanup — Greek
First, remove the currently installed documentation files to prevent them from ending up in the final system, and to save about 35 MB:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_perl — Greek
Perl-&perl-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_creatingdirs — Greek
Some of the directories mentioned in this section may have already been created earlier with explicit instructions, or when installing some packages. They are repeated below for completeness.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_gettext — Greek
Gettext-&gettext-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter10_grub — Greek
Using GRUB to Set Up the Boot Process
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter10_kernel — Greek
Linux-&linux-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter10_fstab — Greek
The <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> file is used by some programs to determine where file systems are to be mounted by default, in which order, and which must be checked (for integrity errors) prior to mounting. Create a new file systems table like this:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter04_abouttestsuites — Greek
Some test suites are more important than others. For example, the test suites for the core toolchain packages&mdash;GCC, binutils, and glibc&mdash;are of the utmost importance due to their central role in a properly functioning system. The test suites for GCC and glibc can take a very long time to complete, especially on slower hardware, but are strongly recommended.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter04_settingenviron — Greek
<userinput>cat &gt; ~/.bash_profile &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>exec env -i HOME=$HOME TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' /bin/bash</literal>
EOF</userinput>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter04_aboutsbus — Greek
The SBU measure works as follows. The first package to be compiled is binutils in <xref linkend="chapter-cross-tools"/>. The time it takes to compile using one core is what we will refer to as the Standard Build Unit or SBU. All other compile times will be expressed in terms of this unit of time.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter04_addinguser — Greek
<userinput>groupadd lfs
useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs</userinput>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_intltool — Greek
Intltool-&intltool-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_wheel — Greek
Wheel-&wheel-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_zstd — Greek
Zstd-&zstd-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_flex — Greek
Flex-&flex-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_bc — Greek
Bc-&bc-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_check — Greek
Check-&check-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_introduction — Greek
The installation of this software is straightforward. Although in many cases the installation instructions could be made shorter and more generic, we have opted to provide the full instructions for every package to minimize the possibilities for mistakes. The key to learning what makes a Linux system work is to know what each package is used for and why you (or the system) may need it.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_man-pages — Greek
Man-pages-&man-pages-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_findutils — Greek
Findutils-&findutils-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_cleanup — Greek
<userinput>rm -rf /tmp/*</userinput>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_iproute2 — Greek
IPRoute2-&iproute2-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_gperf — Greek
Gperf-&gperf-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_psmisc — Greek
Psmisc-&psmisc-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_make — Greek
Make-&make-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_dbus — Greek
D-Bus-&dbus-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_stripping — Greek
Most people who use the commands mentioned below do not experience any difficulties. However, it is easy to make a mistake and render the new system unusable. So before running the <command>strip</command> commands, it is a good idea to make a backup of the LFS system in its current state.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_markupsafe — Greek
MarkupSafe-&markupsafe-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_jinja2 — Greek
Jinja2-&jinja2-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_patch — Greek
Patch-&patch-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_libpipeline — Greek
Libpipeline-&libpipeline-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_gettext — Greek
Gettext-&gettext-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_xml-parser — Greek
XML::Parser-&xml-parser-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_meson — Greek
Meson-&meson-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_sysvinit — Greek
Sysvinit-&sysvinit-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_bison — Greek
Bison-&bison-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_procps — Greek
Procps-ng-&procps-ng-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_m4 — Greek
M4-&m4-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_automake — Greek
Automake-&automake-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_zlib — Greek
Zlib-&zlib-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_flit-core — Greek
Flit-Core-&flit-core-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_sysklogd — Greek
Sysklogd-&sysklogd-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_gzip — Greek
Gzip-&gzip-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_less — Greek
Less-&less-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_pkgmgt — Greek
Some reasons why no package manager is mentioned in LFS or BLFS include:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_kbd — Greek
Kbd-&kbd-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_aboutdebug — Greek
The inclusion of these debugging symbols enlarges a program or library significantly. Here are two examples of the amount of space these symbols occupy:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_libtool — Greek
Libtool-&libtool-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter02_mounting — Greek
Strictly speaking, one cannot "mount a partition". One mounts the <emphasis>file system</emphasis> embedded in that partition. But since a single partition can't contain more than one file system, people often speak of the partition and the associated file system as if they were one and the same.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_util-linux — Greek
Util-linux-&util-linux-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter02_hostreqs — Greek
The LFS editors recommend that the system CPU have at least four cores and that the system have at least 8 GB of memory. Older systems that do not meet these requirements will still work, but the time to build packages will be significantly longer than documented.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_chroot — Greek
<userinput>chroot "$LFS" /usr/bin/env -i \
HOME=/root \
TERM="$TERM" \
PS1='(lfs chroot) \u:\w\$ ' \
PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin \
/bin/bash --login</userinput>
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_autoconf — Greek
Autoconf-&autoconf-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_gcc — Greek
GCC-&gcc-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_texinfo — Greek
Texinfo-&texinfo-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_kmod — Greek
Kmod-&kmod-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_util-linux — Greek
Util-linux-&util-linux-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_glibc — Greek
Glibc-&glibc-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_udev — Greek
Udev from Systemd-&systemd-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_grub — Greek
GRUB-&grub-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_tcl — Greek
&tcl-url;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_perl — Greek
Perl-&perl-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_coreutils — Greek
Coreutils-&coreutils-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_xz — Greek
Xz-&xz-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_gdbm — Greek
GDBM-&gdbm-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_e2fsprogs — Greek
E2fsprogs-&e2fsprogs-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_ncurses — Greek
Ncurses-&ncurses-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_binutils — Greek
Binutils-&binutils-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_bzip2 — Greek
Bzip2-&bzip2-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_inetutils — Greek
Inetutils-&inetutils-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_man-db — Greek
Man-DB-&man-db-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_systemd — Greek
Systemd-&systemd-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_shadow — Greek
Shadow-&shadow-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_vim — Greek
Vim-&vim-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_ncurses — Greek
Ncurses-&ncurses-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter05_glibc — Greek
Glibc-&glibc-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_changingowner — Greek
Currently, the whole directory hierarchy in <filename class="directory">$LFS</filename> is owned by the user <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem>, a user that exists only on the host system. If the directories and files under <filename class="directory">$LFS</filename> are kept as they are, they will be owned by a user ID without a corresponding account. This is dangerous because a user account created later could get this same user ID and would own all the files under <filename class="directory">$LFS</filename>, thus exposing these files to possible malicious manipulation.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_createfiles — Greek
/etc/group
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_kernfs — Greek
Applications running in userspace utilize various file systems created by the kernel to communicate with the kernel itself. These file systems are virtual: no disk space is used for them. The content of these file systems resides in memory. These file systems must be mounted in the $LFS directory tree so the applications can find them in the chroot environment.
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_python — Greek
Python-&python-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_bison — Greek
Bison-&bison-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter04_creatingminlayout — Greek
Create the required directory layout by issuing the following commands as <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>:
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_gmp — Greek
GMP-&gmp-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_libffi — Greek
Libffi-&libffi-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_mpc — Greek
MPC-&mpc-version;
 
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_expect — Greek
Expect-&expect-version;