Translation Source string Target string
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_flex — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="install">ln -sv flex /usr/bin/lex
ln -sv flex.1 /usr/share/man/man1/lex.1</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">ln -sv flex /usr/bin/lex</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_util-linux — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Running the test suite as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user can be harmful to your system. To run it, the CONFIG_SCSI_DEBUG option for the kernel must be available in the currently running system and must be built as a module. Building it into the kernel will prevent booting. For complete coverage, other BLFS packages must be installed. If desired, this test can be run by booting into the completed LFS system and running:
以 root 用户身份运行测试套件可能对系统造成损害。为了运行它，内核配置选项 CONFIG_SCSI_DEBUG 必须在当前运行的系统中可用，且必须被构建为内核模块。直接将其构建为内核的一部分会导致系统无法引导。为了测试的完整覆盖，必须安装其他 BLFS 软件包。如果希望的话，可以在重启进入完整的 LFS 系统后，执行以下命令运行测试：
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_coreutils — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
This environment variable allows the package to be built by the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user.
该环境变量允许以 root 用户身份构建该软件包。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_shadow — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="configure">touch /usr/bin/passwd
./configure --sysconfdir=/etc \
--disable-static \
--with-{b,yes}crypt \
--with-group-name-max-length=32</userinput>
<userinput remap="configure">touch /usr/bin/passwd
./configure --sysconfdir=/etc \
--with-group-name-max-length=32</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_make — English
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-make" role="."/>
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-make" role="."/>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_make — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-make" role="."/>
该软件包的详细信息可以在<xref linkend="contents-make"/>中找到。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter11_reboot — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput>umount -v $LFS/dev/pts
mountpoint -q $LFS/dev/shm &amp;&amp; umount $LFS/dev/shm
umount -v $LFS/dev
umount -v $LFS/run
umount -v $LFS/proc
umount -v $LFS/sys</userinput>
<userinput>umount -v $LFS/dev/pts
umount -v $LFS/dev
umount -v $LFS/run
umount -v $LFS/proc
umount -v $LFS/sys</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter05_libstdc__ — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<parameter>--disable-libstdcxx-pch</parameter>
<parameter>--disable-libstdcxx-pch</parameter>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_gettext — English
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-gettext" role="."/>
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-gettext" role="."/>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_gettext — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-gettext" role="."/>
该软件包的详细信息可以在<xref linkend="contents-gettext"/>中找到。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_openssl — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="install">mv -v /usr/share/doc/openssl /usr/share/doc/openssl-&openssl-version;</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">mv -v /usr/share/doc/openssl /usr/share/doc/openssl-&openssl-version;
cp -vfr doc/* /usr/share/doc/openssl-&openssl-version;</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_man-db — English
<parameter>--with-systemd...</parameter>
<parameter>--with-systemd...</parameter>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter10_grub — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput>cat &gt; /boot/grub/grub.cfg &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin /boot/grub/grub.cfg
set default=0
set timeout=5

insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
set root=(hd0,2)

menuentry "GNU/Linux, Linux &linux-version;-lfs-&version;" {
linux /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&version; root=/dev/sda2 ro
}</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /boot/grub/grub.cfg &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin /boot/grub/grub.cfg
set default=0
set timeout=5

insmod ext2
set root=(hd0,2)

menuentry "GNU/Linux, Linux &linux-version;-lfs-&version;" {
linux /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&version; root=/dev/sda2 ro
}</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_readline — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The meaning of the make option:
make 命令选项的含义
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_bash — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="test">su -s /usr/bin/expect tester &lt;&lt; EOF
set timeout -1
spawn make tests
expect eof
lassign [wait] _ _ _ value
exit $value
EOF</userinput>
<userinput remap="test">su tester &lt;&lt; EOF
PATH=$PATH make tests &lt; $(tty)
EOF</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter09_networkd — English
The command below creates a basic configuration file for a Static IP setup (using both systemd-networkd and systemd-resolved):
The command below creates a basic configuration file for a Static IP setup (using both systemd-networkd and systemd-resolved):
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter09_networkd — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The command below creates a basic configuration file for a Static IP setup (using both systemd-networkd and systemd-resolved):
以下命令为静态 IP 设置创建一个基本的配置文件 (使用 systemd-networkd 和 systemd-resolved)。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_bash — English
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-bash" role="."/>
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-bash" role="."/>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_bash — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-bash" role="."/>
该软件包的详细信息可以在<xref linkend="contents-bash"/>中找到。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_gcc-pass2 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="configure">../configure \
--build=$(../config.guess) \
--host=$LFS_TGT \
--target=$LFS_TGT \
LDFLAGS_FOR_TARGET=-L$PWD/$LFS_TGT/libgcc \
--prefix=/usr \
--with-build-sysroot=$LFS \
--enable-default-pie \
--enable-default-ssp \
--disable-nls \
--disable-multilib \
--disable-libatomic \
--disable-libgomp \
--disable-libquadmath \
--disable-libsanitizer \
--disable-libssp \
--disable-libvtv \
--enable-languages=c,c++</userinput>
<userinput remap="configure">../configure \
--build=$(../config.guess) \
--host=$LFS_TGT \
--prefix=/usr \
CC_FOR_TARGET=$LFS_TGT-gcc \
--with-build-sysroot=$LFS \
--enable-initfini-array \
--disable-nls \
--disable-multilib \
--disable-decimal-float \
--disable-libatomic \
--disable-libgomp \
--disable-libquadmath \
--disable-libssp \
--disable-libvtv \
--disable-libstdcxx \
--enable-languages=c,c++</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter11_reboot — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput>umount -v $LFS/home
umount -v $LFS</userinput>
<userinput>umount -v $LFS/usr
umount -v $LFS/home
umount -v $LFS</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_openssl — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="install">cp -vfr doc/* /usr/share/doc/openssl-&openssl-version;</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">mv -v /usr/share/doc/openssl /usr/share/doc/openssl-&openssl-version;
cp -vfr doc/* /usr/share/doc/openssl-&openssl-version;</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_coreutils — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="install">mv -v $LFS/usr/bin/chroot $LFS/usr/sbin
mkdir -pv $LFS/usr/share/man/man8
mv -v $LFS/usr/share/man/man1/chroot.1 $LFS/usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8
sed -i 's/"1"/"8"/' $LFS/usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">mv -v $LFS/usr/bin/{cat,chgrp,chmod,chown,cp,date,dd,df,echo} $LFS/bin
mv -v $LFS/usr/bin/{false,ln,ls,mkdir,mknod,mv,pwd,rm} $LFS/bin
mv -v $LFS/usr/bin/{rmdir,stty,sync,true,uname} $LFS/bin
mv -v $LFS/usr/bin/{head,nice,sleep,touch} $LFS/bin
mv -v $LFS/usr/bin/chroot $LFS/usr/sbin
mkdir -pv $LFS/usr/share/man/man8
mv -v $LFS/usr/share/man/man1/chroot.1 $LFS/usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8
sed -i 's/"1"/"8"/' $LFS/usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_python — English
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-python" role="."/>
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-python" role="."/>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_python — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-python" role="."/>
关于该软件包的详细信息可以在<xref linkend="contents-python"/>中找到。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_coreutils — English
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-coreutils" role="."/>
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-coreutils" role="."/>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_coreutils — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-coreutils" role="."/>
该软件包的详细信息可以在<xref linkend="contents-coreutils"/>中找到。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_file — English
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-file" role="."/>
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-file" role="."/>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_file — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-file" role="."/>
该软件包的详细信息可以在<xref linkend="contents-file"/>中找到。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/part3intro_toolchaintechnotes — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Build cross-compiler cc1 using ccA on machine A.
在机器 A 上，使用 ccA 构建交叉编译器 cc1
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_patch — English
Modifies files according to a patch file (A patch file is normally a difference listing created with the <command>diff</command> program. By applying these differences to the original files, <command>patch</command> creates the patched versions.)
Modifies files according to a patch file (A patch file is normally a difference listing created with the <command>diff</command> program. By applying these differences to the original files, <command>patch</command> creates the patched versions.)
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_m4 — English
Copies the given files while expanding the macros that they contain. These macros are either built-in or user-defined and can take any number of arguments. Besides performing macro expansion, <command>m4</command> has built-in functions for including named files, running Unix commands, performing integer arithmetic, manipulating text, recursion, etc. The <command>m4</command> program can be used either as a front end to a compiler or as a macro processor in its own right
Copies the given files while expanding the macros that they contain. These macros are either built-in or user-defined and can take any number of arguments. Besides performing macro expansion, <command>m4</command> has built-in functions for including named files, running Unix commands, performing integer arithmetic, manipulating text, recursion, etc. The <command>m4</command> program can be used either as a front end to a compiler or as a macro processor in its own right
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_m4 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Copies the given files while expanding the macros that they contain. These macros are either built-in or user-defined and can take any number of arguments. Besides performing macro expansion, <command>m4</command> has built-in functions for including named files, running Unix commands, performing integer arithmetic, manipulating text, recursion, etc. The <command>m4</command> program can be used either as a front end to a compiler or as a macro processor in its own right
复制给定文件，并展开它们包含的宏 这些宏可能是内置或用户定义的，可以接受任意个参数。除了展开宏外，<command>m4</command> 还包含用于包含指定文件、运行 Unix 命令、进行整数运算、处理文本、递归执行等功能的内建函数。<command>m4</command> 程序可以被用作编译器前端，也可以被单独用作宏处理器。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_systemd — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs <command>ldconfig</command> at boot; this is not useful for source distributions such as LFS, and makes the boot time longer. Remove this option to enable running <command>ldconfig</command> at boot.
这个开关防止一个 systemd 单元的安装，它在引导时运行 <command>ldconfig</command>，这对于 LFS 等源代码发行版来说没有意义，还会增加引导时间。如果您需要这个功能，可以删除这个开关。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter11_reboot — English
Now, reboot the system.
Now, reboot the system.
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter11_reboot — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Now, reboot the system.
现在重新启动系统：
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter02_creatingpartition — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
/tmp &ndash; A separate /tmp partition is rare, but useful if configuring a thin client. This partition, if used, will usually not need to exceed a couple of gigabytes. If you have enough RAM, you can mount a <systemitem class='filesystem'>tmpfs</systemitem> on /tmp to make access to temporary files faster.
/tmp &ndash; 一个独立的 /tmp 分区是很少见的，但在配置瘦客户端时很有用。如果分配了这个分区，大小一般不会超过几个 GB。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter04_settingenviron — English
<parameter>export ...</parameter>
<parameter>export ...</parameter>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_gmp — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The code in gmp is highly optimized for the processor where it is built. Occasionally, the code that detects the processor misidentifies the system capabilities and there will be errors in the tests or other applications using the gmp libraries with the message "Illegal instruction". In this case, gmp should be reconfigured with the option <option>--host=none-linux-gnu</option> and rebuilt.
GMP 中的代码是针对本机处理器高度优化的。在偶然情况下，检测处理器的代码会错误识别 CPU 的功能，导致测试套件或使用 GMP 的其他程序输出消息 “Illegal instruction” (非法指令)。如果发生这种情况，需要加入选项 --build=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu 并重新构建 GMP。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_perl — English
<parameter>-Dprivlib,-Darchlib,-Dsitelib,...</parameter>
<parameter>-Dprivlib,-Darchlib,-Dsitelib,...</parameter>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_bzip2 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Install the shared library:
安装的库
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_bzip2 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="install">cp -av libbz2.so.* /usr/lib
ln -sv libbz2.so.&bzip2-version; /usr/lib/libbz2.so</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">make PREFIX=/usr install</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_grep — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Prints lines matching an extended regular expression. It is obsolete, use <command>grep -E</command> instead
打印与扩展正则表达式匹配的行
Linux From Scratch 12.0/part3intro_toolchaintechnotes — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Build cross-compiler cc2 using cc1 on machine A.
在机器 A 上，使用 cc1 构建交叉编译器 cc2
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_bzip2 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Install the shared <command>bzip2</command> binary into the <filename class="directory">/usr/bin</filename> directory, and replace two copies of <command>bzip2</command> with symlinks:
安装链接到共享库的 <command>bzip2</command> 二进制程序到 <filename class="directory">/bin</filename> 目录，创建必要的符号链接，并进行清理：
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_dejagnu — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
A wrapper script that locates the proper <command>expect</command> shell and then runs DejaGNU
一个寻找正确的 <command>expect</command> shell，并运行 DejaGNU 的封装脚本。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_automake — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Generates <filename>aclocal.m4</filename> files based on the contents of <filename>configure.in</filename> files
根据 <filename>configure.in</filename> 文件内容生成 <filename>aclocal.m4</filename>。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter09_profile — English
The <quote>C</quote> (default) and <quote>en_US.utf8</quote> (the recommended one for United States English users) locales are different. <quote>C</quote> uses the US-ASCII 7-bit character set, and treats bytes with the high-order bit set <quote>on</quote> as invalid characters. That's why, e.g., the <command>ls</command> command displays them as question marks in that locale. Also, an attempt to send mail with such characters from Mutt or Pine results in non-RFC-conforming messages being sent (the charset in the outgoing mail is indicated as <quote>unknown 8-bit</quote>). So you can only use the <quote>C</quote> locale if you are sure you will never need 8-bit characters.
The <quote>C</quote> (default) and <quote>en_US.utf8</quote> (the recommended one for United States English users) locales are different. <quote>C</quote> uses the US-ASCII 7-bit character set, and treats bytes with the high-order bit set <quote>on</quote> as invalid characters. That's why, e.g., the <command>ls</command> command displays them as question marks in that locale. Also, an attempt to send mail with such characters from Mutt or Pine results in non-RFC-conforming messages being sent (the charset in the outgoing mail is indicated as <quote>unknown 8-bit</quote>). So you can only use the <quote>C</quote> locale if you are sure you will never need 8-bit characters.
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter09_profile — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
The <quote>C</quote> (default) and <quote>en_US.utf8</quote> (the recommended one for United States English users) locales are different. <quote>C</quote> uses the US-ASCII 7-bit character set, and treats bytes with the high-order bit set <quote>on</quote> as invalid characters. That's why, e.g., the <command>ls</command> command displays them as question marks in that locale. Also, an attempt to send mail with such characters from Mutt or Pine results in non-RFC-conforming messages being sent (the charset in the outgoing mail is indicated as <quote>unknown 8-bit</quote>). So you can only use the <quote>C</quote> locale if you are sure you will never need 8-bit characters.
<quote>C</quote> (默认 locale) 和<quote>en_US</quote>(推荐美式英语用户使用的 locale) 是不同的。<quote>C</quote> locale 使用 US-ASCII 7 位字符集，并且将最高位为 1 的字节视为无效字符。因此，<command>ls</command> 等命令会将它们替换为问号。另外，如果试图用 Mutt 或 Pine 发送包含这些字符的邮件，会发出不符合 RFC 标准的消息 (发出邮件的字符集会被标为<quote>未知 8 位</quote>)。因此，您只能在确信自己永远不会使用 8 位字符时才能使用<quote>C</quote> locale。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_binutils-pass2 — English
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-binutils" role="."/>
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-binutils" role="."/>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_binutils-pass2 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-binutils" role="."/>
该软件包的更多信息可以在<xref linkend="contents-binutils"/>中找到。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_gcc-pass2 — English
<parameter>LDFLAGS_FOR_TARGET=...</parameter>
<parameter>LDFLAGS_FOR_TARGET=...</parameter>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_bzip2 — English
<userinput remap="install">cp -v bzip2-shared /usr/bin/bzip2
for i in /usr/bin/{bzcat,bunzip2}; do
ln -sfv bzip2 $i
done</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">cp -v bzip2-shared /usr/bin/bzip2
for i in /usr/bin/{bzcat,bunzip2}; do
ln -sfv bzip2 $i
done</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_bzip2 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="install">cp -v bzip2-shared /usr/bin/bzip2
for i in /usr/bin/{bzcat,bunzip2}; do
ln -sfv bzip2 $i
done</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">make PREFIX=/usr install</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_bison — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Generates, from a series of rules, a program for analyzing the structure of text files; Bison is a replacement for Yacc (Yet Another Compiler Compiler)
根据一组规则，创建一个用于分析文本文件结构的程序；Bison 是 Yacc (Yet Another Compiler Compiler) 的替代品。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_kbd — English
<userinput remap="install">cp -R -v docs/doc -T /usr/share/doc/kbd-&kbd-version;</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">cp -R -v docs/doc -T /usr/share/doc/kbd-&kbd-version;</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_kbd — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="install">cp -R -v docs/doc -T /usr/share/doc/kbd-&kbd-version;</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">mkdir -v /usr/share/doc/kbd-&kbd-version;
cp -R -v docs/doc/* /usr/share/doc/kbd-&kbd-version;</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/part3intro_toolchaintechnotes — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Build compiler ccC using cc2 on machine B.
在机器 B 上，使用 cc2 构建交叉编译器 ccC
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_autoconf — English
Produces shell scripts that automatically configure software source code packages to adapt to many kinds of Unix-like systems; the configuration scripts it produces are independent&mdash;running them does not require the <command>autoconf</command> program
Produces shell scripts that automatically configure software source code packages to adapt to many kinds of Unix-like systems; the configuration scripts it produces are independent&mdash;running them does not require the <command>autoconf</command> program
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_autoconf — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Produces shell scripts that automatically configure software source code packages to adapt to many kinds of Unix-like systems; the configuration scripts it produces are independent&mdash;running them does not require the <command>autoconf</command> program
产生自动配置软件源码包，使其适用于多种类 Unix 系统的 shell 脚本；它产生的脚本可以独立运行 —— 运行它们不需要 <command>autoconf</command> 程序。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_ncurses — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="install">make DESTDIR=$PWD/dest install
install -vm755 dest/usr/lib/libncursesw.so.&ncurses-version; /usr/lib
rm -v dest/usr/lib/libncursesw.so.&ncurses-version;
cp -av dest/* /</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">mkdir -v /usr/share/doc/ncurses-&ncurses-version;
cp -v -R doc/* /usr/share/doc/ncurses-&ncurses-version;</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_grep — English
Prints lines matching a list of fixed strings. It is obsolete, use <command>grep -F</command> instead
Prints lines matching a list of fixed strings. It is obsolete, use <command>grep -F</command> instead
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_grep — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Prints lines matching a list of fixed strings. It is obsolete, use <command>grep -F</command> instead
打印与固定字符串匹配的行
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_vim — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
If an X Window System is going to be installed on the LFS system, it may be necessary to recompile Vim after installing X. Vim comes with a GUI version of the editor that requires X and some additional libraries to be installed. For more information on this process, refer to the Vim documentation and the Vim installation page in the BLFS book at <ulink url="&blfs-book;postlfs/vim.html"/>.
如果在安装 LFS 系统后安装了 X 窗口系统，可能需要在安装 X 后重新编译 Vim。Vim 提供的 GUI 版本编辑器需要 X 和一些额外的软件包才能安装。关于这一安装过程的更多信息，参考 Vim 文档和 BLFS 手册中位于 <ulink url="&blfs-book;postlfs/vim.html"/> 的 Vim 安装页面。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter05_libstdc__ — English
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-gcc" role="."/>
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-gcc" role="."/>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter05_libstdc__ — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-gcc" role="."/>
关于该软件包的详细信息可以在<xref linkend="contents-gcc"/>中找到。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_util-linux — English
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-utillinux" role="."/>
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-utillinux" role="."/>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter07_util-linux — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-utillinux" role="."/>
该软件包的详细信息可以在<xref linkend="contents-utillinux"/>中找到。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter02_hostreqs — English
To see whether your host system has all the appropriate versions, and the ability to compile programs, run the following commands:
To see whether your host system has all the appropriate versions, and the ability to compile programs, run the following commands:
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter02_hostreqs — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
To see whether your host system has all the appropriate versions, and the ability to compile programs, run the following commands:
为了确定您的宿主系统拥有每个软件的合适版本，且能够编译程序，请运行下列脚本。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_flex — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
A tool for generating programs that recognize patterns in text; it allows for the versatility to specify the rules for pattern-finding, eradicating the need to develop a specialized program
一个用于生成在文本文件中识别模式的程序的工具，它允许灵活地指定查找模式的规则，消除了开发专用程序的需要。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_ninja — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
is the Ninja build system
是 ninja 构建系统。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter04_settingenviron — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Finally, to ensure the environment is fully prepared for building the temporary tools, force the <command>bash</command> shell to read the new user profile:
最后，为了完全准备好编译临时工具的环境，指示 shell 读取刚才创建的配置文件：
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_tcl — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="install">cd ..
tar -xf ../tcl&tcl-version;-html.tar.gz --strip-components=1
mkdir -v -p /usr/share/doc/tcl-&tcl-version;
cp -v -r ./html/* /usr/share/doc/tcl-&tcl-version;</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">chmod -v u+w /usr/lib/libtcl&tcl-major-version;.so</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_bison — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
A wrapper for <command>bison</command>, meant for programs that still call <command>yacc</command> instead of <command>bison</command>; it calls <command>bison</command> with the <parameter>-y</parameter> option
<command>bison</command> 的一个封装器，被那些仍然调用 <command>yacc</command> 而非 <command>bison</command> 的程序使用，它调用 <command>bison</command> 时附加 <parameter>-y</parameter> 选项。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_sysklogd — English
Logs the messages that system programs offer for logging [Every logged message contains at least a date stamp and a hostname, and normally the program's name too, but that depends on how trusting the logging daemon is told to be.]
Logs the messages that system programs offer for logging [Every logged message contains at least a date stamp and a hostname, and normally the program's name too, but that depends on how trusting the logging daemon is told to be.]
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_shadow — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="install">make exec_prefix=/usr install
make -C man install-man</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">make install</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter09_networkd — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
If using methods incompatible with systemd-resolved to configure your network interfaces (ex: ppp, etc.), or if using any type of local resolver (ex: bind, dnsmasq, unbound, etc.), or any other software that generates an <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename> (ex: a <command>resolvconf</command> program other than the one provided by systemd), the <command>systemd-resolved</command> service should not be used.
如果使用其他方式配置网络接口 (例如 ppp 或 network-manager 等)，或使用了某种本地解析器 (如 bind，dnsmasq，或者 unbound 等)，或其他任何生成 <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename> 的软件 (如 resolvconf)，则不应使用 <command>systemd-resolved</command> 服务。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/part3intro_toolchaintechnotes — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Rebuild and test ccC using ccC on machine C.
在机器 C 上，用 ccC 重新构建它本身，并测试
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_automake — English
A tool for automatically generating <filename>Makefile.in</filename> files from <filename>Makefile.am</filename> files [To create all the <filename>Makefile.in</filename> files for a package, run this program in the top-level directory. By scanning the <filename>configure.in</filename> file, it automatically finds each appropriate <filename>Makefile.am</filename> file and generates the corresponding <filename>Makefile.in</filename> file.]
A tool for automatically generating <filename>Makefile.in</filename> files from <filename>Makefile.am</filename> files [To create all the <filename>Makefile.in</filename> files for a package, run this program in the top-level directory. By scanning the <filename>configure.in</filename> file, it automatically finds each appropriate <filename>Makefile.am</filename> file and generates the corresponding <filename>Makefile.in</filename> file.]
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_glibc — English
Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below are usually safe to ignore.
Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below are usually safe to ignore.
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_glibc — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below are usually safe to ignore.
通常来说，可能会有极少数测试不能通过，下面列出的失败结果一般可以安全地忽略。执行以下命令进行测试：
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter05_binutils-pass1 — English
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-binutils" role="."/>
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-binutils" role="."/>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter05_binutils-pass1 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-binutils" role="."/>
这个软件包的细节在<xref linkend="contents-binutils"/>中可以找到。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter01_changelog — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
[bdubbs] - Update to<phrase revision='sysv'> udev from</phrase> systemd-254. Fixes <ulink url='&lfs-ticket-root;5293'>#5293</ulink>.
[bdubbs] — 更新到 man-pages-6.04。修复 <ulink url='&lfs-ticket-root;5238'>#5238</ulink>。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_texinfo — English
Used to read info pages which are similar to man pages, but often go much deeper than just explaining all the available command line options [For example, compare <command>man bison</command> and <command>info bison</command>.]
Used to read info pages which are similar to man pages, but often go much deeper than just explaining all the available command line options [For example, compare <command>man bison</command> and <command>info bison</command>.]
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_bash — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
A widely-used command interpreter; it performs many types of expansions and substitutions on a given command line before executing it, thus making this interpreter a powerful tool
一个广泛使用的命令解释器；它在执行命令前对命令行进行多种展开和替换操作，这些操作使得它成为强大的工具。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_ncurses — English
<userinput remap="install">cp -v -R doc -T /usr/share/doc/ncurses-&ncurses-version;</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">cp -v -R doc -T /usr/share/doc/ncurses-&ncurses-version;</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_ncurses — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="install">cp -v -R doc -T /usr/share/doc/ncurses-&ncurses-version;</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">mkdir -v /usr/share/doc/ncurses-&ncurses-version;
cp -v -R doc/* /usr/share/doc/ncurses-&ncurses-version;</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_openssl — English
is a <application>Perl</application> script that scans all files in a directory and adds symbolic links to their hash values. Use of <command>c_rehash</command> is considered obsolete and should be replaced by <command>openssl rehash</command> command
is a <application>Perl</application> script that scans all files in a directory and adds symbolic links to their hash values. Use of <command>c_rehash</command> is considered obsolete and should be replaced by <command>openssl rehash</command> command
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_openssl — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
is a <application>Perl</application> script that scans all files in a directory and adds symbolic links to their hash values. Use of <command>c_rehash</command> is considered obsolete and should be replaced by <command>openssl rehash</command> command
一个 <application>Perl</application> 脚本，扫描一个目录中的所有文件，并添加它们的符号链接，符号链接名为对应文件的散列值。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_grub — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Is a helper program for <command>grub-install</command>
grub-install 使用的辅助程序
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_vim — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
By default, vim only installs spell-checking files for the English language. To install spell-checking files for your preferred language, copy the <filename class='extension'>.spl</filename> and optionally, the <filename class='extension'>.sug</filename> files for your language and character encoding from <filename class='directory'>runtime/spell</filename> into <filename class='directory'> /usr/share/&vim-docdir;/spell/</filename>.
默认情况下 Vim 只安装英语拼写检查文件。如果希望安装您使用的语言的拼写检查文件，需要获取使用于您的语言和字符编码的 <filename>*.spl</filename> 和可选的 <filename>*.sug</filename> 文件，从 <ulink url="ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/runtime/spell/"/> 下载它们，并保存到 <filename class='directory'>/usr/share/&vim-docdir;/spell/</filename>。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_gcc-pass2 — English
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-gcc" role="."/>
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-gcc" role="."/>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter06_gcc-pass2 — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Details on this package are located in <xref linkend="contents-gcc" role="."/>
关于本软件包的更多信息可以在<xref linkend="contents-gcc"/>中找到。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_autoconf — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Automatically runs <command>autoconf</command>, <command>autoheader</command>, <command>aclocal</command>, <command>automake</command>, <command>gettextize</command>, and <command>libtoolize</command> in the correct order to save time when changes are made to <command>autoconf</command> and <command>automake</command> template files
在 <command>autoconf</command> 和 <command>automake</command> 模板文件发生变化时，按照正确顺序自动运行 <command>autoconf</command>、<command>autoheader</command>、<command>aclocal</command>、<command>automake</command>、<command>gettextize</command>, 以及 <command>libtoolize</command>，以便节省时间。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_coreutils — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
<userinput remap="install">mv -v /usr/bin/chroot /usr/sbin
mv -v /usr/share/man/man1/chroot.1 /usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8
sed -i 's/"1"/"8"/' /usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8</userinput>
<userinput remap="install">mv -v /usr/bin/{cat,chgrp,chmod,chown,cp,date,dd,df,echo} /bin
mv -v /usr/bin/{false,ln,ls,mkdir,mknod,mv,pwd,rm} /bin
mv -v /usr/bin/{rmdir,stty,sync,true,uname} /bin
mv -v /usr/bin/chroot /usr/sbin
mv -v /usr/share/man/man1/chroot.1 /usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8
sed -i 's/"1"/"8"/' /usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8</userinput>
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_openssl — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
is a command-line tool for using the various cryptography functions of <application>OpenSSL</application>'s crypto library from the shell. It can be used for various functions which are documented in <command>man 1 openssl</command>
一个命令行工具，用于从 shell 使用 <application>OpenSSL</application>的密码学库的一些密码学函数。它可以被用于 <command>man 1 openssl</command>描述的许多功能。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/chapter08_shadow — Chinese (Simplified Han script)
Shadow's default configuration for the <command>useradd</command> utility needs some explanation. First, the default action for the <command>useradd</command> utility is to create the user and a group with the same name as the user. By default the user ID (UID) and group ID (GID) numbers will begin at 1000. This means if you don't pass extra parameters to <command>useradd</command>, each user will be a member of a unique group on the system. If this behavior is undesirable, you'll need to pass either the <parameter>-g</parameter> or <parameter>-N</parameter> parameter to <command>useradd</command>, or else change the setting of <parameter>USERGROUPS_ENAB</parameter> in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>. See <filename>useradd(8)</filename> for more information.
Shadow 附带的 <command>useradd</command> 配置文件有一些需要解释的事项。首先，<command>useradd</command> 的默认操作是创建一个用户，以及一个名字和用户名相同的组。默认情况下，用户 ID (UID) 和组 ID (GID) 会从 1000 开始。这意味着，如果您不向 <command>useradd</command> 传递参数，每个用户都会属于一个不同的组。如果您不希望这样，就要传递 <parameter>-g</parameter> 参数给 <command>useradd</command>。默认参数保存在 <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> 文件中。您可以编辑其中的两个参数，以满足您的特定需求。
Linux From Scratch 12.0/part3intro_toolchaintechnotes — English
In order to fake a cross-compilation in LFS, the name of the host triplet is slightly adjusted by changing the &quot;vendor&quot; field in the <envar>LFS_TGT</envar> variable so it says &quot;lfs&quot;. We also use the <parameter>--with-sysroot</parameter> option when building the cross-linker and cross-compiler, to tell them where to find the needed host files. This ensures that none of the other programs built in <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> can link to libraries on the build machine. Only two stages are mandatory, plus one more for tests.
In order to fake a cross-compilation in LFS, the name of the host triplet is slightly adjusted by changing the &quot;vendor&quot; field in the <envar>LFS_TGT</envar> variable so it says &quot;lfs&quot;. We also use the <parameter>--with-sysroot</parameter> option when building the cross-linker and cross-compiler, to tell them where to find the needed host files. This ensures that none of the other programs built in <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> can link to libraries on the build machine. Only two stages are mandatory, plus one more for tests.