556 strings / 23349 words

Translation Source string Target string
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/x_installing_libevdev-kernel — English
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>nput device support ---&gt;
-*- <emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>eneric input layer (needed for keyboard, mouse, ...) [INPUT]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>vent interface [INPUT_EVDEV]
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>nput device support ---&gt;
-*- <emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>eneric input layer (needed for keyboard, mouse, ...) [INPUT]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>vent interface [INPUT_EVDEV]
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/x_installing_mesa-kernel — English
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>raphics support ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>irect Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support) ---&gt;
... [DRM]
# For r300 or r600:
&lt; /*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>TI Radeon [DRM_RADEON]
# For radeonsi:
&lt; /*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>MD GPU [DRM_AMDGPU]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>nable amdgpu support for SI parts [DRM_AMDGPU_SI]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>nable amdgpu support for CIK parts [DRM_AMDGPU_CIK]
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>isplay Engine Configuration ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>MD DC - Enable new display engine [DRM_AMD_DC]
# For nouveau:
&lt; /*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>o</emphasis>uveau (NVIDIA) cards [DRM_NOUVEAU]
# For i915, crocus, or iris:
&lt; /*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>ntel 8xx/9xx/G3x/G4x/HD Graphics [DRM_I915]
# For swrast:
&lt; /*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual GEM provider [DRM_VGEM]
# For svga:
&lt; /*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>RM driver for VMware Virtual GPU [DRM_VMWGFX]
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>raphics support ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>irect Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support) ---&gt;
... [DRM]
# For r300 or r600:
&lt; /*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>TI Radeon [DRM_RADEON]
# For radeonsi:
&lt; /*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>MD GPU [DRM_AMDGPU]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>nable amdgpu support for SI parts [DRM_AMDGPU_SI]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>nable amdgpu support for CIK parts [DRM_AMDGPU_CIK]
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>isplay Engine Configuration ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>MD DC - Enable new display engine [DRM_AMD_DC]
# For nouveau:
&lt; /*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>o</emphasis>uveau (NVIDIA) cards [DRM_NOUVEAU]
# For i915, crocus, or iris:
&lt; /*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>ntel 8xx/9xx/G3x/G4x/HD Graphics [DRM_I915]
# For swrast:
&lt; /*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual GEM provider [DRM_VGEM]
# For svga:
&lt; /*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>RM driver for VMware Virtual GPU [DRM_VMWGFX]
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/x_installing_xorg-server-kernel — English
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>raphics support ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>irect Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support) ---&gt;
... [DRM]
&lt; /*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>RM driver for VMware Virtual GPU [DRM_VMWGFX]
&lt; /*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>RM Support for bochs dispi vga interface (qemu stdvga)
... [DRM_BOCHS]
&lt; /*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual Box Graphics Card [DRM_VBOXVIDEO]
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>raphics support ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>irect Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support) ---&gt;
... [DRM]
&lt; /*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>RM driver for VMware Virtual GPU [DRM_VMWGFX]
&lt; /*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>RM Support for bochs dispi vga interface (qemu stdvga)
... [DRM_BOCHS]
&lt; /*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual Box Graphics Card [DRM_VBOXVIDEO]
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/x_installing_libevdev-test-kernel — English
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>nput device support ---&gt;
-*- <emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>eneric input layer (needed for keyboard, mouse, ...) [INPUT]
[*] M<emphasis role='blue'>i</emphasis>scellaneous devices ---&gt; [INPUT_MISC]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>U</emphasis>ser level driver support [INPUT_UINPUT]
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>nput device support ---&gt;
-*- <emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>eneric input layer (needed for keyboard, mouse, ...) [INPUT]
[*] M<emphasis role='blue'>i</emphasis>scellaneous devices ---&gt; [INPUT_MISC]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>U</emphasis>ser level driver support [INPUT_UINPUT]
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/x_installing_xorg-server-simpledrm-kernel — English
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>irmware Drivers ---&gt;
[*] M<emphasis role='blue'>a</emphasis>rk VGA/VBE/EFI FB as generic system framebuffer [SYSFB_SIMPLEFB]
<emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>raphics support ---&gt;
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>irect Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support) ---&gt;
... [DRM]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>S</emphasis>imple framebuffer driver [DRM_SIMPLEDRM]
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>irmware Drivers ---&gt;
[*] M<emphasis role='blue'>a</emphasis>rk VGA/VBE/EFI FB as generic system framebuffer [SYSFB_SIMPLEFB]
<emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>raphics support ---&gt;
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>irect Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support) ---&gt;
... [DRM]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>S</emphasis>imple framebuffer driver [DRM_SIMPLEDRM]
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_filesystems_uefi-bootloaders_grub-setup-kernel — English
<emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>rocessor type and features ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>FI runtime service support [EFI]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>FI stub support [EFI_STUB]

-*- <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>nable the block layer ---&gt; [BLOCK]
<emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>artition Types ---&gt;
[ /*] <emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>dvanced partition selection [PARTITION_ADVANCED]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>FI GUID Partition support [EFI_PARTITION]

<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>irmware Drivers ---&gt;
[*] M<emphasis role='blue'>a</emphasis>rk VGA/VBE/EFI FB as generic system framebuffer [SYSFB_SIMPLEFB]
<emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>raphics support ---&gt;
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>irect Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support) ---&gt;
... [DRM]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>nable legacy fbdev support for your modesetting driver
... [DRM_FBDEV_EMULATION]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>S</emphasis>imple framebuffer driver [DRM_SIMPLEDRM]
<emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>onsole display driver support ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>ramebuffer Console support [FRAMEBUFFER_CONSOLE]

<emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>ile systems ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>OS/FAT/EXFAT/NT Filesystems ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>FAT (Windows-95) fs support [VFAT_FS]
<emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>seudo filesystems ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>FI Variable filesystem [EFIVAR_FS]
-*- N<emphasis role='blue'>a</emphasis>tive language support ---&gt; [NLS]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>odepage 437 (United States, Canada) [NLS_CODEPAGE_437]
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>L</emphasis>S ISO 8859-1 (Latin 1; Western European Languages) [NLS_ISO8859_1]
<emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>rocessor type and features ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>FI runtime service support [EFI]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>FI stub support [EFI_STUB]

-*- <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>nable the block layer ---&gt; [BLOCK]
<emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>artition Types ---&gt;
[ /*] <emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>dvanced partition selection [PARTITION_ADVANCED]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>FI GUID Partition support [EFI_PARTITION]

<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>irmware Drivers ---&gt;
[*] M<emphasis role='blue'>a</emphasis>rk VGA/VBE/EFI FB as generic system framebuffer [SYSFB_SIMPLEFB]
<emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>raphics support ---&gt;
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>irect Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support) ---&gt;
... [DRM]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>nable legacy fbdev support for your modesetting driver
... [DRM_FBDEV_EMULATION]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>S</emphasis>imple framebuffer driver [DRM_SIMPLEDRM]
<emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>onsole display driver support ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>ramebuffer Console support [FRAMEBUFFER_CONSOLE]

<emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>ile systems ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>OS/FAT/EXFAT/NT Filesystems ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>FAT (Windows-95) fs support [VFAT_FS]
<emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>seudo filesystems ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>FI Variable filesystem [EFIVAR_FS]
-*- N<emphasis role='blue'>a</emphasis>tive language support ---&gt; [NLS]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>odepage 437 (United States, Canada) [NLS_CODEPAGE_437]
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>L</emphasis>S ISO 8859-1 (Latin 1; Western European Languages) [NLS_ISO8859_1]
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_filesystems_uefi-bootloaders_grub-setup-kernel — French
<emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>rocessor type and features ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>FI runtime service support [EFI]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>FI stub support [EFI_STUB]

-*- <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>nable the block layer ---&gt; [BLOCK]
<emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>artition Types ---&gt;
[ /*] <emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>dvanced partition selection [PARTITION_ADVANCED]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>FI GUID Partition support [EFI_PARTITION]

<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>irmware Drivers ---&gt;
[*] M<emphasis role='blue'>a</emphasis>rk VGA/VBE/EFI FB as generic system framebuffer [SYSFB_SIMPLEFB]
<emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>raphics support ---&gt;
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>irect Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support) ---&gt;
... [DRM]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>nable legacy fbdev support for your modesetting driver
... [DRM_FBDEV_EMULATION]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>S</emphasis>imple framebuffer driver [DRM_SIMPLEDRM]
<emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>onsole display driver support ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>ramebuffer Console support [FRAMEBUFFER_CONSOLE]

<emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>ile systems ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>OS/FAT/EXFAT/NT Filesystems ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>FAT (Windows-95) fs support [VFAT_FS]
<emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>seudo filesystems ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>FI Variable filesystem [EFIVAR_FS]
-*- N<emphasis role='blue'>a</emphasis>tive language support ---&gt; [NLS]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>odepage 437 (United States, Canada) [NLS_CODEPAGE_437]
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>L</emphasis>S ISO 8859-1 (Latin 1; Western European Languages) [NLS_ISO8859_1]
<emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>rocessor type and features ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>FI runtime service support [EFI]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>FI stub support [EFI_STUB]

-*- <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>nable the block layer ---&gt; [BLOCK]
<emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>artition Types ---&gt;
[ /*] <emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>dvanced partition selection [PARTITION_ADVANCED]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>FI GUID Partition support [EFI_PARTITION]

<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>irmware Drivers ---&gt;
[*] M<emphasis role='blue'>a</emphasis>rk VGA/VBE/EFI FB as generic system framebuffer [SYSFB_SIMPLEFB]
<emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>raphics support ---&gt;
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>irect Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support) ---&gt;
... [DRM]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>nable legacy fbdev support for your modesetting driver
... [DRM_FBDEV_EMULATION]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>S</emphasis>imple framebuffer driver [DRM_SIMPLEDRM]
<emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>onsole display driver support ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>ramebuffer Console support [FRAMEBUFFER_CONSOLE]

<emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>ile systems ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>OS/FAT/EXFAT/NT Filesystems ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>FAT (Windows-95) fs support [VFAT_FS]
<emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>seudo filesystems ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>FI Variable filesystem [EFIVAR_FS]
-*- N<emphasis role='blue'>a</emphasis>tive language support ---&gt; [NLS]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>odepage 437 (United States, Canada) [NLS_CODEPAGE_437]
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>L</emphasis>S ISO 8859-1 (Latin 1; Western European Languages) [NLS_ISO8859_1]
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_security_iptables-kernel — English
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking support ---&gt; [NET]
N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking options ---&gt;
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork packet filtering framework (Netfilter) ---&gt; [NETFILTER]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>dvanced netfilter configuration [NETFILTER_ADVANCED]
<emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>ore Netfilter Configuration ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter connection tracking support [NF_CONNTRACK]
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter Xtables support (required for ip_tables)
... [NETFILTER_XTABLES]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>L</emphasis>OG target support [NETFILTER_XT_TARGET_LOG]
<emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: Netfilter Configuration ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P tables support (required for filtering/masq/NAT)
... [IP_NF_IPTABLES]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking support ---&gt; [NET]
N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking options ---&gt;
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork packet filtering framework (Netfilter) ---&gt; [NETFILTER]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>dvanced netfilter configuration [NETFILTER_ADVANCED]
<emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>ore Netfilter Configuration ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter connection tracking support [NF_CONNTRACK]
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter Xtables support (required for ip_tables)
... [NETFILTER_XTABLES]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>L</emphasis>OG target support [NETFILTER_XT_TARGET_LOG]
<emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: Netfilter Configuration ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P tables support (required for filtering/masq/NAT)
... [IP_NF_IPTABLES]
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_security_iptables-kernel — French
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking support ---&gt; [NET]
N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking options ---&gt;
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork packet filtering framework (Netfilter) ---&gt; [NETFILTER]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>dvanced netfilter configuration [NETFILTER_ADVANCED]
<emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>ore Netfilter Configuration ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter connection tracking support [NF_CONNTRACK]
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter Xtables support (required for ip_tables)
... [NETFILTER_XTABLES]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>L</emphasis>OG target support [NETFILTER_XT_TARGET_LOG]
<emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: Netfilter Configuration ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P tables support (required for filtering/masq/NAT)
... [IP_NF_IPTABLES]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking support ---&gt; [NET]
N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking options ---&gt;
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork packet filtering framework (Netfilter) ---&gt; [NETFILTER]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>dvanced netfilter configuration [NETFILTER_ADVANCED]
<emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>ore Netfilter Configuration ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter connection tracking support [NF_CONNTRACK]
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter Xtables support (required for ip_tables)
... [NETFILTER_XTABLES]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>L</emphasis>OG target support [NETFILTER_XT_TARGET_LOG]
<emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: Netfilter Configuration ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P tables support (required for filtering/masq/NAT)
... [IP_NF_IPTABLES]
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_config_builtin-fw-kernel — English
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>eneric Driver Options ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>irmware loader ---&gt;
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>irmware loading facility [FW_LOADER]
(xx/aa.bin xx/bb.bin) <emphasis role='blue'>B</emphasis>uild named firmware blobs into the kernel binary
... [EXTRA_FIRMWARE]
(/lib/firmware) <emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>irmware blobs root directory
... [EXTRA_FIRMWARE_DIR]
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>eneric Driver Options ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>irmware loader ---&gt;
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>irmware loading facility [FW_LOADER]
(xx/aa.bin xx/bb.bin) <emphasis role='blue'>B</emphasis>uild named firmware blobs into the kernel binary
... [EXTRA_FIRMWARE]
(/lib/firmware) <emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>irmware blobs root directory
... [EXTRA_FIRMWARE_DIR]
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/networking_netutils_networkmanager-test-kernel — French
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking support ---&gt; [NET]
N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking options ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>T</emphasis>CP/IP networking [INET]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: tunneling [NET_IPIP]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: GRE demultiplexer [NET_IPGRE_DEMUX]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: GRE tunnels over IP [NET_IPGRE]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>T</emphasis>he IPv6 protocol ---&gt; [IPV6]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>Pv6: IPv6-in-IPv4 tunnel (SIT driver) [IPV6_SIT]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>Pv6: GRE tunnel [IPV6_GRE]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>Pv6: Multiple Routing Tables [IPV6_MULTIPLE_TABLES]
[*] M<emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>TCP: Multipath TCP [MPTCP]
[*] M<emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>TCP: IPv6 support for Multipath TCP [MPTCP_IPV6]
&lt;*/M&gt; 802.1<emphasis role='blue'>Q</emphasis>/802.1ad VLAN Support [VLAN_8021Q]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>Q</emphasis>oS and/or fair queueing ---&gt; [NET_SCHED]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>S</emphasis>tochastic Fairness Queueing (SFQ) [NET_SCH_SFQ]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>T</emphasis>oken Bucket Filter (TBF) [NET_SCH_TBF]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>air Queue Controlled Delay AQM (FQ_CODEL) [NET_SCH_FQ_CODEL]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>ngress/classifier-action Qdisc [NET_SCH_INGRESS]

<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork device support ---&gt; [NETDEVICES]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork core driver support [NET_CORE]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>B</emphasis>onding driver support [BONDING]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>ummy net driver support [DUMMY]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>thernet team driver support ---&gt; [NET_TEAM]
&lt;*/M&gt; M<emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>C-VLAN support [MACVLAN]
&lt;*/M&gt; M<emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>C-VLAN based tap driver [MACVTAP]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P-VLAN support [IPVLAN]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual eXtensible Local Area Network (VXLAN) [VXLAN]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual ethernet pair device [VETH]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual Routing and Forwarding (Lite) [NET_VRF]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking support ---&gt; [NET]
N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking options ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>T</emphasis>CP/IP networking [INET]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: tunneling [NET_IPIP]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: GRE demultiplexer [NET_IPGRE_DEMUX]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: GRE tunnels over IP [NET_IPGRE]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>T</emphasis>he IPv6 protocol ---&gt; [IPV6]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>Pv6: IPv6-in-IPv4 tunnel (SIT driver) [IPV6_SIT]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>Pv6: GRE tunnel [IPV6_GRE]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>Pv6: Multiple Routing Tables [IPV6_MULTIPLE_TABLES]
[*] M<emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>TCP: Multipath TCP [MPTCP]
[*] M<emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>TCP: IPv6 support for Multipath TCP [MPTCP_IPV6]
&lt;*/M&gt; 802.1<emphasis role='blue'>Q</emphasis>/802.1ad VLAN Support [VLAN_8021Q]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>Q</emphasis>oS and/or fair queueing ---&gt; [NET_SCHED]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>S</emphasis>tochastic Fairness Queueing (SFQ) [NET_SCH_SFQ]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>T</emphasis>oken Bucket Filter (TBF) [NET_SCH_TBF]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>F</emphasis>air Queue Controlled Delay AQM (FQ_CODEL) [NET_SCH_FQ_CODEL]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>ngress/classifier-action Qdisc [NET_SCH_INGRESS]

<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork device support ---&gt; [NETDEVICES]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork core driver support [NET_CORE]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>B</emphasis>onding driver support [BONDING]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>ummy net driver support [DUMMY]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>thernet team driver support ---&gt; [NET_TEAM]
&lt;*/M&gt; M<emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>C-VLAN support [MACVLAN]
&lt;*/M&gt; M<emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>C-VLAN based tap driver [MACVTAP]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P-VLAN support [IPVLAN]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual eXtensible Local Area Network (VXLAN) [VXLAN]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual ethernet pair device [VETH]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual Routing and Forwarding (Lite) [NET_VRF]
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/networking_netlibs_libnl-test-kernel — English
<emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>eneral setup ---&gt;
-*- N<emphasis role='blue'>a</emphasis>mespaces support ---&gt; [NAMESPACES]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>U</emphasis>ser namespace [USER_NS]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork namespace [NET_NS]

[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking support ---&gt; [NET]
N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking options ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>T</emphasis>CP/IP networking [INET]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: advanced router [IP_ADVANCED_ROUTER]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: policy routing [IP_MULTIPLE_TABLES]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: tunneling [NET_IPIP]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: GRE demultiplexer [NET_IPGRE_DEMUX]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: GRE tunnels over IP [NET_IPGRE]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual (secure) IP: tunneling [NET_IPVTI]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>T</emphasis>he IPv6 protocol ---&gt; [IPV6]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>Pv6: IPv6-in-IPv4 tunnel (SIT driver) [IPV6_SIT]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>Pv6: IP-in-IPv6 tunnel (RFC2473) [IPV6_TUNNEL]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>Pv6: Multiple Routing Tables [IPV6_MULTIPLE_TABLES]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork packet filtering framework (Netfilter) ---&gt; [NETFILTER]
<emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>ore Netfilter Configuration ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter nf_tables support [NF_TABLES]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter nf_tables netdev tables support [NF_TABLES_NETDEV]
{*/M} N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter packet duplication support [NF_DUP_NETDEV]
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter nf_tables netdev packet forwarding support
... [NFT_FWD_NETDEV]
&lt;*/M&gt; 802.1<emphasis role='blue'>d</emphasis> Ethernet Bridging [BRIDGE]
&lt;*/M&gt; 802.1<emphasis role='blue'>Q</emphasis>/802.1ad VLAN Support [VLAN_8021Q]
-*- <emphasis role='blue'>L</emphasis>3 Master device support [NET_L3_MASTER_DEV]

<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork device support ---&gt; [NETDEVICES]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork core driver support [NET_CORE]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>B</emphasis>onding driver support [BONDING]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>ummy net driver support [DUMMY]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>ntermediate Functional Block support [IFB]
&lt;*/M&gt; M<emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>C-VLAN support [MACVLAN]
&lt;*/M&gt; M<emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>C-VLAN based tap driver [MACVTAP]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P-VLAN support [IPVLAN]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual eXtensible Local Area Network (VXLAN) [VXLAN]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>EEE 802.1AE MAC-level encryption (MACsec) [MACSEC]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual ethernet pair device [VETH]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual Routing and Forwarding (Lite) [NET_VRF]
<emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>eneral setup ---&gt;
-*- N<emphasis role='blue'>a</emphasis>mespaces support ---&gt; [NAMESPACES]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>U</emphasis>ser namespace [USER_NS]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork namespace [NET_NS]

[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking support ---&gt; [NET]
N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking options ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>T</emphasis>CP/IP networking [INET]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: advanced router [IP_ADVANCED_ROUTER]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: policy routing [IP_MULTIPLE_TABLES]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: tunneling [NET_IPIP]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: GRE demultiplexer [NET_IPGRE_DEMUX]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: GRE tunnels over IP [NET_IPGRE]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual (secure) IP: tunneling [NET_IPVTI]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>T</emphasis>he IPv6 protocol ---&gt; [IPV6]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>Pv6: IPv6-in-IPv4 tunnel (SIT driver) [IPV6_SIT]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>Pv6: IP-in-IPv6 tunnel (RFC2473) [IPV6_TUNNEL]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>Pv6: Multiple Routing Tables [IPV6_MULTIPLE_TABLES]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork packet filtering framework (Netfilter) ---&gt; [NETFILTER]
<emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>ore Netfilter Configuration ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter nf_tables support [NF_TABLES]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter nf_tables netdev tables support [NF_TABLES_NETDEV]
{*/M} N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter packet duplication support [NF_DUP_NETDEV]
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter nf_tables netdev packet forwarding support
... [NFT_FWD_NETDEV]
&lt;*/M&gt; 802.1<emphasis role='blue'>d</emphasis> Ethernet Bridging [BRIDGE]
&lt;*/M&gt; 802.1<emphasis role='blue'>Q</emphasis>/802.1ad VLAN Support [VLAN_8021Q]
-*- <emphasis role='blue'>L</emphasis>3 Master device support [NET_L3_MASTER_DEV]

<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork device support ---&gt; [NETDEVICES]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork core driver support [NET_CORE]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>B</emphasis>onding driver support [BONDING]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>ummy net driver support [DUMMY]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>ntermediate Functional Block support [IFB]
&lt;*/M&gt; M<emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>C-VLAN support [MACVLAN]
&lt;*/M&gt; M<emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>C-VLAN based tap driver [MACVTAP]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P-VLAN support [IPVLAN]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual eXtensible Local Area Network (VXLAN) [VXLAN]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>EEE 802.1AE MAC-level encryption (MACsec) [MACSEC]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual ethernet pair device [VETH]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual Routing and Forwarding (Lite) [NET_VRF]
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/networking_netlibs_libnl-test-kernel — French
<emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>eneral setup ---&gt;
-*- N<emphasis role='blue'>a</emphasis>mespaces support ---&gt; [NAMESPACES]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>U</emphasis>ser namespace [USER_NS]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork namespace [NET_NS]

[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking support ---&gt; [NET]
N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking options ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>T</emphasis>CP/IP networking [INET]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: advanced router [IP_ADVANCED_ROUTER]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: policy routing [IP_MULTIPLE_TABLES]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: tunneling [NET_IPIP]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: GRE demultiplexer [NET_IPGRE_DEMUX]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: GRE tunnels over IP [NET_IPGRE]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual (secure) IP: tunneling [NET_IPVTI]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>T</emphasis>he IPv6 protocol ---&gt; [IPV6]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>Pv6: IPv6-in-IPv4 tunnel (SIT driver) [IPV6_SIT]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>Pv6: IP-in-IPv6 tunnel (RFC2473) [IPV6_TUNNEL]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>Pv6: Multiple Routing Tables [IPV6_MULTIPLE_TABLES]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork packet filtering framework (Netfilter) ---&gt; [NETFILTER]
<emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>ore Netfilter Configuration ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter nf_tables support [NF_TABLES]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter nf_tables netdev tables support [NF_TABLES_NETDEV]
{*/M} N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter packet duplication support [NF_DUP_NETDEV]
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter nf_tables netdev packet forwarding support
... [NFT_FWD_NETDEV]
&lt;*/M&gt; 802.1<emphasis role='blue'>d</emphasis> Ethernet Bridging [BRIDGE]
&lt;*/M&gt; 802.1<emphasis role='blue'>Q</emphasis>/802.1ad VLAN Support [VLAN_8021Q]
-*- <emphasis role='blue'>L</emphasis>3 Master device support [NET_L3_MASTER_DEV]

<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork device support ---&gt; [NETDEVICES]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork core driver support [NET_CORE]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>B</emphasis>onding driver support [BONDING]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>ummy net driver support [DUMMY]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>ntermediate Functional Block support [IFB]
&lt;*/M&gt; M<emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>C-VLAN support [MACVLAN]
&lt;*/M&gt; M<emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>C-VLAN based tap driver [MACVTAP]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P-VLAN support [IPVLAN]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual eXtensible Local Area Network (VXLAN) [VXLAN]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>EEE 802.1AE MAC-level encryption (MACsec) [MACSEC]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual ethernet pair device [VETH]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual Routing and Forwarding (Lite) [NET_VRF]
<emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>eneral setup ---&gt;
-*- N<emphasis role='blue'>a</emphasis>mespaces support ---&gt; [NAMESPACES]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>U</emphasis>ser namespace [USER_NS]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork namespace [NET_NS]

[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking support ---&gt; [NET]
N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tworking options ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>T</emphasis>CP/IP networking [INET]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: advanced router [IP_ADVANCED_ROUTER]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: policy routing [IP_MULTIPLE_TABLES]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: tunneling [NET_IPIP]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: GRE demultiplexer [NET_IPGRE_DEMUX]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P: GRE tunnels over IP [NET_IPGRE]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual (secure) IP: tunneling [NET_IPVTI]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>T</emphasis>he IPv6 protocol ---&gt; [IPV6]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>Pv6: IPv6-in-IPv4 tunnel (SIT driver) [IPV6_SIT]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>Pv6: IP-in-IPv6 tunnel (RFC2473) [IPV6_TUNNEL]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>Pv6: Multiple Routing Tables [IPV6_MULTIPLE_TABLES]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork packet filtering framework (Netfilter) ---&gt; [NETFILTER]
<emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>ore Netfilter Configuration ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter nf_tables support [NF_TABLES]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter nf_tables netdev tables support [NF_TABLES_NETDEV]
{*/M} N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter packet duplication support [NF_DUP_NETDEV]
&lt;*/M&gt; N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>tfilter nf_tables netdev packet forwarding support
... [NFT_FWD_NETDEV]
&lt;*/M&gt; 802.1<emphasis role='blue'>d</emphasis> Ethernet Bridging [BRIDGE]
&lt;*/M&gt; 802.1<emphasis role='blue'>Q</emphasis>/802.1ad VLAN Support [VLAN_8021Q]
-*- <emphasis role='blue'>L</emphasis>3 Master device support [NET_L3_MASTER_DEV]

<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork device support ---&gt; [NETDEVICES]
[*] N<emphasis role='blue'>e</emphasis>twork core driver support [NET_CORE]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>B</emphasis>onding driver support [BONDING]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>ummy net driver support [DUMMY]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>ntermediate Functional Block support [IFB]
&lt;*/M&gt; M<emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>C-VLAN support [MACVLAN]
&lt;*/M&gt; M<emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>C-VLAN based tap driver [MACVTAP]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>P-VLAN support [IPVLAN]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual eXtensible Local Area Network (VXLAN) [VXLAN]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>EEE 802.1AE MAC-level encryption (MACsec) [MACSEC]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual ethernet pair device [VETH]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>V</emphasis>irtual Routing and Forwarding (Lite) [NET_VRF]
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/multimedia_libdriv_intel-media-kernel — English
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>raphics support ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>irect Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support) ---&gt;
... [DRM]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>ntel 8xx/9xx/G3x/G4x/HD Graphics [DRM_I915]
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>raphics support ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>irect Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support) ---&gt;
... [DRM]
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>ntel 8xx/9xx/G3x/G4x/HD Graphics [DRM_I915]
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/xincludes_SIOCGSTAMP — English
<parameter>sed -i ... SIOCGSTAMP ...</parameter>: In linux-5.2 the definitions of SIOCGSTAMP and SIOCGSTAMPNS were moved from &lt;sys/socket.h&gt; which packages have traditionally included to get them. The sed(s) to hard-code the values enable the package to compile correctly.
<parameter>sed -i ... SIOCGSTAMP ...</parameter>: In linux-5.2 the definitions of SIOCGSTAMP and SIOCGSTAMPNS were moved from &lt;sys/socket.h&gt; which packages have traditionally included to get them. The sed(s) to hard-code the values enable the package to compile correctly.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/xincludes_tex-system — English
<parameter>--with-system-</parameter>...: Unless this parameter is used, the included versions of these libraries will be statically compiled into the programs which need them. If you decided not to install a recommended library, omit the corresponding switch.
<parameter>--with-system-</parameter>...: Unless this parameter is used, the included versions of these libraries will be statically compiled into the programs which need them. If you decided not to install a recommended library, omit the corresponding switch.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/pst_xml_xml — French
Extensible Markup Language (XML)
Langage de balises extensible (<foreignphrase>Extensible Markup Language</foreignphrase>&nbsp;: XML)
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_sysutils_gpm-kernel — English
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>nput device support ---&gt;
-*- <emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>eneric input layer (needed for keyboard, mouse, ...) [INPUT]
&lt;*/M&gt; M<emphasis role='blue'>o</emphasis>use interface [INPUT_MOUSEDEV]
<emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>evice Drivers ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>I</emphasis>nput device support ---&gt;
-*- <emphasis role='blue'>G</emphasis>eneric input layer (needed for keyboard, mouse, ...) [INPUT]
&lt;*/M&gt; M<emphasis role='blue'>o</emphasis>use interface [INPUT_MOUSEDEV]
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_genlib_keyutils-test-kernel — English
<emphasis role='blue'>S</emphasis>ecurity options ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>nable access key retention support [KEYS]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>L</emphasis>arge payload keys [BIG_KEYS]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>iffie-Hellman operations on retained keys [KEY_DH_OPERATIONS]

-*- <emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>ryptographic API ---&gt; [CRYPTO]
<emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>ublic-key cryptography ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>R</emphasis>SA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) [CRYPTO_RSA]
H<emphasis role='blue'>a</emphasis>shes, digests, and MACs ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>S</emphasis>HA-1 [CRYPTO_SHA1]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>symmetric (public-key cryptographic) key type ---&gt; [ASYMMETRIC_KEY_TYPE]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>symmetric public-key crypto algorithm subtype
... [ASYMMETRIC_PUBLIC_KEY_SUBTYPE]
# If not built into the kernel, [SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYRING] won't show up;
# building as a module won't work:
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>X</emphasis>.509 certificate parser [X509_CERTIFICATE_PARSER]
<emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>ertificates for signature checking ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>rovide system-wide ring of trusted keys [SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYRING]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>rovide a keyring to which extra trustable keys may be added
... [SECONDARY_TRUSTED_KEYRING]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>rovide system-wide ring of blacklisted keys [SYSTEM_BLACKLIST_KEYRING]

<emphasis role='blue'>L</emphasis>ibrary routines ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>rypto library routines ---&gt;
# If not built into the kernel, [BIG_KEYS] won't show up;
# building as a module won't work:
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>haCha20-Poly1305 AEAD support (8-byte nonce library version)
... [CRYPTO_LIB_CHACHA20POLY1305]
<emphasis role='blue'>S</emphasis>ecurity options ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>E</emphasis>nable access key retention support [KEYS]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>L</emphasis>arge payload keys [BIG_KEYS]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>D</emphasis>iffie-Hellman operations on retained keys [KEY_DH_OPERATIONS]

-*- <emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>ryptographic API ---&gt; [CRYPTO]
<emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>ublic-key cryptography ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>R</emphasis>SA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) [CRYPTO_RSA]
H<emphasis role='blue'>a</emphasis>shes, digests, and MACs ---&gt;
&lt;*/M&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>S</emphasis>HA-1 [CRYPTO_SHA1]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>symmetric (public-key cryptographic) key type ---&gt; [ASYMMETRIC_KEY_TYPE]
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>A</emphasis>symmetric public-key crypto algorithm subtype
... [ASYMMETRIC_PUBLIC_KEY_SUBTYPE]
# If not built into the kernel, [SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYRING] won't show up;
# building as a module won't work:
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>X</emphasis>.509 certificate parser [X509_CERTIFICATE_PARSER]
<emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>ertificates for signature checking ---&gt;
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>rovide system-wide ring of trusted keys [SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYRING]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>rovide a keyring to which extra trustable keys may be added
... [SECONDARY_TRUSTED_KEYRING]
[*] <emphasis role='blue'>P</emphasis>rovide system-wide ring of blacklisted keys [SYSTEM_BLACKLIST_KEYRING]

<emphasis role='blue'>L</emphasis>ibrary routines ---&gt;
<emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>rypto library routines ---&gt;
# If not built into the kernel, [BIG_KEYS] won't show up;
# building as a module won't work:
&lt;*&gt; <emphasis role='blue'>C</emphasis>haCha20-Poly1305 AEAD support (8-byte nonce library version)
... [CRYPTO_LIB_CHACHA20POLY1305]
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/pst_ps_ps — French
This chapter includes applications that create, manipulate or view PostScript files and create or view Portable Document Format PDF files.
Ce chapitre comprend des applications qui créent, manipulent ou visualisent des fichiers PostScript et créent ou visualisent des fichiers au format <foreignphrase>Portable Document Format</foreignphrase> (PDF).
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/pst_sgml_sgml — French
This chapter contains DocBook SGML document type definitions (DTDs), DocBook DSSSL Stylesheets and DocBook tools to validate, transform, format and publish DocBook documents.
Ce chapitre contient des définitions de type de document (<foreignphrase>document type definitions</foreignphrase>) (DTDs) DocBook SGML, des feuilles de style DocBook DSSSL et des outils DocBook pour valider, transformer, formater et publier des documents DocBook.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/kde_kf-apps_add-pkgs — French
This section did not provide instructions for all of the available packages in the KDE Software Compilation (KDE Gear). The included packages were selected based on what most people would want to use on a standard desktop computer.
Cette section ne fournissait pas d'instructions pour tous les paquets disponibles dans la compilation logicielle de KDE (KDE Gear). Les paquets inclus étaient sélectionnés en fonction de ce que la plupart des gens voudraient utiliser sur un ordinateur de bureau standard.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/introduction_welcome_packages — French
To overcome this problem, the BLFS Team, with the assistance of Oregon State University Open Source Lab, has made an HTTP/FTP site available through world wide mirrors. See <ulink url="https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/download.html#sources"> https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/download.html#sources</ulink> for a list. These sites have all the sources of the exact versions of the packages used in BLFS. If you can't find the BLFS package you need at the listed addresses, get it from these sites.
Pour contourner ce problème, l'équipe BLFS, avec l'aide du laboratoire open source de l'université de l'état d'Oregon (Oregon State University Open Source Lab), a rendu disponible un site HTTP/FTP disponible au travers de miroirs mondiaux. Voyez <ulink url="https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/download.html#sources">https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/download.html#sources</ulink> pour en avoir une liste. Ces sites contiennent toutes les sources des versions exactes des paquets utilisés dans BLFS. Si vous ne pouvez pas trouver le paquet BLFS à l'adresse indiquée, récupérez-le sur ces sites.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_security_security — French
Access for users is usually handled by <command>login</command> or an application designed to handle the login function. In this chapter, we show how to enhance <command>login</command> by setting policies with <application>PAM</application> modules. Access via networks can also be secured by policies set by <application>iptables</application>, commonly referred to as a firewall. The Network Security Services (NSS) and Netscape Portable Runtime (NSPR) libraries can be installed and shared among the many applications requiring them. For applications that don't offer the best security, you can use the <application>Stunnel</application> package to wrap an application daemon inside an SSL tunnel.
L'accès aux utilisateurs est géré en général par <command>login</command> ou une application conçue pour gérer la fonction de connexion. Dans ce chapitre, nous indiquons la façon d'améliorer <command>login</command> en mettant en place des règles avec des modules <application>PAM</application>. L'accès par le réseau peut également être sécurisé par des règles définies par <application>iptables</application>, désigné en général sous le nom de pare-feu. Les bibliothèques <foreignphrase>Network Security Services</foreignphrase> (services de sécurité réseau) (NSS) et <foreignphrase>Netscape Portable Runtime</foreignphrase> (NSPR) peuvent être installées et partagées parmi les nombreuses applications qui les exigent. Pour des applications qui n'offrent pas la meilleure sécurité, vous pouvez utiliser le paquet <application>Stunnel</application> pour envelopper le démon d'une application dans un tunnel SSL.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/lxqt_desktop_desktop — English
<application>LXQt</application> is a <application>Qt</application> based Desktop Environment. It is focused on being a classic desktop with a modern look and feel. It can customize appearance everywhere. The panel(s) have plugins and settings. It is Window Manager agnostic, has multi-language support and standard keyboard shortcuts. <application>LXQt</application> uses less CPU and less RAM than most other environments. It is especially useful for cloud computers with low hardware specifications, such as netbooks, mobile devices (e.g. MIDs) or older computers, but can be used with modern hardware.
<application>LXQt</application> is a <application>Qt</application> based Desktop Environment. It is focused on being a classic desktop with a modern look and feel. It can customize appearance everywhere. The panel(s) have plugins and settings. It is Window Manager agnostic, has multi-language support and standard keyboard shortcuts. <application>LXQt</application> uses less CPU and less RAM than most other environments. It is especially useful for cloud computers with low hardware specifications, such as netbooks, mobile devices (e.g. MIDs) or older computers, but can be used with modern hardware.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/networking_connect_connect — French
DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. It is a protocol used by many sites to automatically provide information such as IP addresses, subnet masks and routing information to computers. If your network uses DHCP, you will need a DHCP client in order to connect to it.
DHCP signifie <foreignphrase>Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol</foreignphrase>. C'est un protocole utilisé par la plupart des sites pour fournir automatiquement aux ordinateurs des informations comme les adresses IP, les masques de sous-réseau et les informations de routage. Si votre réseau utilise DHCP, vous aurez besoin d'un client DHCP afin de vous y connecter.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_prog_ojdk-conf — French
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/profile.d/openjdk.sh &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin /etc/profile.d/openjdk.sh

# Set JAVA_HOME directory
JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk

# Adjust PATH
pathappend $JAVA_HOME/bin

# Auto Java CLASSPATH: Copy jar files to, or create symlinks in, the
# /usr/share/java directory.

AUTO_CLASSPATH_DIR=/usr/share/java

pathprepend . CLASSPATH

for dir in `find ${AUTO_CLASSPATH_DIR} -type d 2>/dev/null`; do
pathappend $dir CLASSPATH
done

for jar in `find ${AUTO_CLASSPATH_DIR} -name "*.jar" 2>/dev/null`; do
pathappend $jar CLASSPATH
done

export JAVA_HOME

# By default, Java creates several files in a directory named
# /tmp/hsperfdata_[username]. This directory contains files that are used for
# performance monitoring and profiling, but aren't normally needed on a BLFS
# system. This environment variable disables that feature.
_JAVA_OPTIONS="-XX:-UsePerfData"

export _JAVA_OPTIONS

unset AUTO_CLASSPATH_DIR dir jar _JAVA_OPTIONS

# End /etc/profile.d/openjdk.sh</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/profile.d/openjdk.sh &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin /etc/profile.d/openjdk.sh

# Set JAVA_HOME directory
JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk

# Adjust PATH
pathappend $JAVA_HOME/bin

# Auto Java CLASSPATH: Copy jar files to, or create symlinks in, the
# /usr/share/java directory.

AUTO_CLASSPATH_DIR=/usr/share/java

pathprepend . CLASSPATH

for dir in `find ${AUTO_CLASSPATH_DIR} -type d 2>/dev/null`; do
pathappend $dir CLASSPATH
done

for jar in `find ${AUTO_CLASSPATH_DIR} -name "*.jar" 2>/dev/null`; do
pathappend $jar CLASSPATH
done

export JAVA_HOME

# By default, Java creates several files in a directory named
# /tmp/hsperfdata_[username]. This directory contains files that are used for
# performance monitoring and profiling, but aren't normally needed on a BLFS
# system. This environment variable disables that feature.
_JAVA_OPTIONS="-XX:-UsePerfData"

export _JAVA_OPTIONS

unset AUTO_CLASSPATH_DIR dir jar _JAVA_OPTIONS

# End /etc/profile.d/openjdk.sh</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/networking_connect_advanced-network — French
<literal>Networking support: Y
Networking options:
802.1d Ethernet Bridging: M or Y</literal>
<literal>Networking support: Y
Networking options:
802.1d Ethernet Bridging: M or Y</literal>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/appendices_mit-lic — French
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/server_databases_upgradedb — English
$ sudo systemctl status postgresql
-- postgresql.service - PostgreSQL database server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Tue 2021-10-26 17:11:53 CDT; 2min 49s ago
Process: 17336 ExecStart=/usr/bin/pg_ctl -s -D ${PGROOT}/data start -w -t 120 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
CPU: 7ms

Oct 26 17:11:53 SVRNAME systemd[1]: Starting PostgreSQL database server...
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME postgres[17338]: 2021-10-26 17:11:53.420 CDT [17338] FATAL:
database files are incompatible with server
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME postgres[17338]: 2021-10-26 17:11:53.420 CDT [17338] DETAIL:
The data directory was initialized by PostgreSQL version 13,
which is not compatible with this version 14.0.
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME postgres[17336]: pg_ctl: could not start server
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME postgres[17336]: Examine the log output.
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME systemd[1]: postgresql.service: Control process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME systemd[1]: postgresql.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME systemd[1]: Failed to start PostgreSQL database server.
$ sudo systemctl status postgresql
-- postgresql.service - PostgreSQL database server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Tue 2021-10-26 17:11:53 CDT; 2min 49s ago
Process: 17336 ExecStart=/usr/bin/pg_ctl -s -D ${PGROOT}/data start -w -t 120 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
CPU: 7ms

Oct 26 17:11:53 SVRNAME systemd[1]: Starting PostgreSQL database server...
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME postgres[17338]: 2021-10-26 17:11:53.420 CDT [17338] FATAL:
database files are incompatible with server
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME postgres[17338]: 2021-10-26 17:11:53.420 CDT [17338] DETAIL:
The data directory was initialized by PostgreSQL version 13,
which is not compatible with this version 14.0.
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME postgres[17336]: pg_ctl: could not start server
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME postgres[17336]: Examine the log output.
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME systemd[1]: postgresql.service: Control process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME systemd[1]: postgresql.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME systemd[1]: Failed to start PostgreSQL database server.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/server_databases_upgradedb — French
$ sudo systemctl status postgresql
-- postgresql.service - PostgreSQL database server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Tue 2021-10-26 17:11:53 CDT; 2min 49s ago
Process: 17336 ExecStart=/usr/bin/pg_ctl -s -D ${PGROOT}/data start -w -t 120 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
CPU: 7ms

Oct 26 17:11:53 SVRNAME systemd[1]: Starting PostgreSQL database server...
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME postgres[17338]: 2021-10-26 17:11:53.420 CDT [17338] FATAL:
database files are incompatible with server
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME postgres[17338]: 2021-10-26 17:11:53.420 CDT [17338] DETAIL:
The data directory was initialized by PostgreSQL version 13,
which is not compatible with this version 14.0.
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME postgres[17336]: pg_ctl: could not start server
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME postgres[17336]: Examine the log output.
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME systemd[1]: postgresql.service: Control process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME systemd[1]: postgresql.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME systemd[1]: Failed to start PostgreSQL database server.
$ sudo systemctl status postgresql
-- postgresql.service - PostgreSQL database server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Tue 2021-10-26 17:11:53 CDT; 2min 49s ago
Process: 17336 ExecStart=/usr/bin/pg_ctl -s -D ${PGROOT}/data start -w -t 120 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
CPU: 7ms

Oct 26 17:11:53 SVRNAME systemd[1]: Starting PostgreSQL database server...
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME postgres[17338]: 2021-10-26 17:11:53.420 CDT [17338] FATAL:
database files are incompatible with server
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME postgres[17338]: 2021-10-26 17:11:53.420 CDT [17338] DETAIL:
The data directory was initialized by PostgreSQL version 13,
which is not compatible with this version 14.0.
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME postgres[17336]: pg_ctl: could not start server
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME postgres[17336]: Examine the log output.
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME systemd[1]: postgresql.service: Control process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME systemd[1]: postgresql.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Oct 26 17:11:53 SRVNAME systemd[1]: Failed to start PostgreSQL database server.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/introduction_welcome_askhelp — English
Are your permissions properly set, especially for devices? LFS uses groups to make these settings easier, but it also adds the step of adding users to groups to allow access. A simple <command>usermod -G audio <replaceable>&lt;user&gt;</replaceable></command> may be all that's necessary for that user to have access to the sound system. Any question that starts out with <quote>It works as root, but not as ...</quote> requires a thorough review of permissions prior to asking.
Are your permissions properly set, especially for devices? LFS uses groups to make these settings easier, but it also adds the step of adding users to groups to allow access. A simple <command>usermod -G audio <replaceable>&lt;user&gt;</replaceable></command> may be all that's necessary for that user to have access to the sound system. Any question that starts out with <quote>It works as root, but not as ...</quote> requires a thorough review of permissions prior to asking.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/introduction_welcome_conventions — French
<computeroutput>install-info: unknown option
`--dir-file=/mnt/lfs/usr/info/dir'</computeroutput>
<computeroutput>install-info: unknown option
`--dir-file=/mnt/lfs/usr/info/dir'</computeroutput>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/introduction_welcome_which — French
Following these basic items, most people will want to at least browse through the <xref linkend="general"/> part of the book. This contains information on many items which are prerequisites for other sections of the book, as well as some items (such as <xref linkend="general-prog"/>) which are useful in their own right. You don't have to install all of the libraries and packages found in this part; each BLFS installation procedure tells you which other packages this one depends upon. You can choose the program you want to install, and see what it needs. (Don't forget to check for nested dependencies!)
Suite à ces éléments de base, la plupart des gens voudront au moins regarder la partie <xref linkend="general"/> du livre. Cette partie contient des informations sur beaucoup d'éléments qui sont des pré-requis pour d'autres sections du livre, ainsi que des éléments (tels que <xref linkend="general-prog"/>) utiles en eux-mêmes. Vous n'êtes pas obligés d'installer tous les paquets et toutes les bibliothèques qui se trouvent dans cette partie vu que chaque procédure d'installation de BLFS vous dit de quels paquets elle dépend. Vous pouvez choisir le programme que vous voulez installer et voir ce dont il a besoin (n'oubliez pas de regarder les dépendances imbriquées&nbsp;!).
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_config_firmware — English
To get the firmware, point a browser to one of the above repositories and then download the item(s) which you need. If you want all these firmware files (for example you are distributing the system onto multiple hardware systems), either install <xref linkend="git"/> and clone <ulink url='&linux-firmware-git;'/>, or open this URL in a browser and download the latest snapshot listed in the <literal>Tag</literal> table.
To get the firmware, point a browser to one of the above repositories and then download the item(s) which you need. If you want all these firmware files (for example you are distributing the system onto multiple hardware systems), either install <xref linkend="git"/> and clone <ulink url='&linux-firmware-git;'/>, or open this URL in a browser and download the latest snapshot listed in the <literal>Tag</literal> table.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/introduction_welcome_conventions — French
This form of text (fixed width font) shows screen output, probably the result of issuing a command. It is also used to show filenames such as <filename>/boot/grub/grub.conf</filename>
Ce style de texte (texte à largeur fixe) montre une sortie d'écran, généralement le résultat de commandes. Il est également utilisé pour afficher des noms de fichiers, par exemple <filename>/boot/grub/grub.conf</filename>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/x_installing_TTF-and-OTF-fonts — English
Some fonts are also available as <emphasis>variable</emphasis> font files. Unlike a normal font file which only contains one variation, a variable font file contains infinite variations. Each variation can be defined by the application using this font by assigning number(s) to one or more variables. There are also pre-defined <emphasis>named instances</emphasis> analogous to the traditional variations. For example, with the variable version of Noto Sans, the weight variable can be assigned any number not less than 100 and not greater than 900, and 9 named instances are pre-defined: ExtraLight for weight=100, Regular for weight=400, Bold for weight=700, etc. So once a variable font file for Noto Sans is installed, all the 9 named instances (or <quote>variations</quote>) are available. Note that the slope is not defined as a variable in the variable version of Noto Sans, so Regular and Italic are still traditional variations and a separate variable font file is needed for the Italic variation.
Some fonts are also available as <emphasis>variable</emphasis> font files. Unlike a normal font file which only contains one variation, a variable font file contains infinite variations. Each variation can be defined by the application using this font by assigning number(s) to one or more variables. There are also pre-defined <emphasis>named instances</emphasis> analogous to the traditional variations. For example, with the variable version of Noto Sans, the weight variable can be assigned any number not less than 100 and not greater than 900, and 9 named instances are pre-defined: ExtraLight for weight=100, Regular for weight=400, Bold for weight=700, etc. So once a variable font file for Noto Sans is installed, all the 9 named instances (or <quote>variations</quote>) are available. Note that the slope is not defined as a variable in the variable version of Noto Sans, so Regular and Italic are still traditional variations and a separate variable font file is needed for the Italic variation.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_filesystems_initramfs — French
If you do decide to build an initramfs, the following scripts will provide a basis to do it. The scripts will allow specifying a rootfs via partition UUID or partition LABEL or a rootfs on an LVM logical volume. They do not support an encrypted root file system or mounting the rootfs over a network card. For a more complete capability see <ulink url="https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/hints/read.html"> the LFS Hints</ulink> or <ulink url="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Dracut">dracut</ulink>.
Si vous décidez de construire un initramfs, les scripts suivants fourniront les bases pour le faire. Les scripts autoriseront la spécification du rootfs via un UUID de partition ou un LABEL de partition ou un rootfs dans un volume logique LVM. Ils ne prennent pas en charge les systèmes de fichier racine chiffrés ou le montage des rootfs par des cartes réseaux. Pour plus d'informations sur les possibilités, voir <ulink url="https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/hints/read.html">les astuces LFS </ulink> (les astuces <ulink url="https://fr.linuxfromscratch.org/astuces/">traduites</ulink>) ou <ulink url="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Dracut">dracut</ulink>.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_prog_perl-deps_perl-ffi-checklib — French
FFI::CheckLib checks whether a particular dynamic library is available for FFI (Foreign Function Interface) to use.
FFI::CheckLib vérifie si une bibliothèque dynamique particulière est disponible pour utiliser les FFI (<foreignphrase>Foreign Function Interface</foreignphrase> ou interface de fonction externe).
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_config_profile — French
For more information see <command>info bash</command> -- <emphasis role="strong">Nodes: Bash Startup Files and Interactive Shells</emphasis>.
Pour plus d'informations, voir <command>info bash</command> -- <emphasis role="strong">Nodes: Bash Startup Files et Interactive Shells</emphasis>.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_genlib_appstream-glib — French
The <application>appstream-glib</application> provides GObjects and helper methods to make it easy to read and write AppStream metadata. It also provides a simple DOM (Document Object Model) implementation that makes it easy to edit nodes and convert to and from the standardized XML representation.
Le paquet <application>appstream-glib</application> fournit les GObjects et des méthodes d'aide pour rendre simple la lecture et l'écriture de métadonnées AppStream. Il fournit aussi une implémentation simple du DOM (<foreignphrase>Document Object Model</foreignphrase>) qui rend facile l'édition de nœuds et la conversion depuis et vers la représentation XML standardisée.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_genlib_apr — French
The Apache Portable Runtime (APR) is a supporting library for the Apache web server. It provides a set of application programming interfaces (APIs) that map to the underlying Operating System (OS). Where the OS doesn't support a particular function, APR will provide an emulation. Thus programmers can use the APR to make a program portable across different platforms.
Le <foreignphrase>Apache Portable Runtime</foreignphrase>(APR) est une bibliothèque de support du serveur web Apache. Il offre un ensemble d'interfaces de programmation d'application (APIs) qui correspondent au système d'exploitation sous-jacent. Quand le système d'exploitation ne supporte pas une fonction en particulier, APR fournira une émulation. Ainsi, les programmeurs peuvent utiliser l'APR pour rendre un programme portable sur différentes plate-formes.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_genlib_apr-util — French
The Apache Portable Runtime Utility Library provides a predictable and consistent interface to underlying client library interfaces. This application programming interface assures predictable if not identical behavior regardless of which libraries are available on a given platform.
La bibliothèque <foreignphrase>Apache Portable Runtime Utility</foreignphrase> fournit une interface prévisible et cohérente avec des interfaces de bibliothèques clientes sous-jacentes. Cette interface de programmation d'application assure la prévisibilité voir l'unicité d'un comportement quelles que soient les bibliothèques disponibles sur une plate-forme donnée.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_genlib_libblockdev — English
libblockdev is a C library supporting GObject Introspection for manipulation of block devices. It has a plugin-based architecture where each technology (like LVM, Btrfs, MD RAID, Swap,...) is implemented in a separate plugin, possibly with multiple implementations (e.g. using LVM CLI or the new LVM DBus API).
libblockdev is a C library supporting GObject Introspection for manipulation of block devices. It has a plugin-based architecture where each technology (like LVM, Btrfs, MD RAID, Swap,...) is implemented in a separate plugin, possibly with multiple implementations (e.g. using LVM CLI or the new LVM DBus API).
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/x_lib_cairo — French
<application>Cairo</application> is a 2D graphics library with support for multiple output devices. Currently supported output targets include the <application>X</application> Window System, Win32, image buffers, PostScript, PDF and SVG. Experimental backends include OpenGL, Quartz and XCB file output. <application>Cairo</application> is designed to produce consistent output on all output media while taking advantage of display hardware acceleration when available (e.g. through the X Render Extension). The <application>Cairo</application> API provides operations similar to the drawing operators of PostScript and PDF. Operations in <application>Cairo</application> include stroking and filling cubic B&eacute;zier splines, transforming and compositing translucent images, and antialiased text rendering. All drawing operations can be transformed by any <ulink url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affine_transformation">affine transformation</ulink> (scale, rotation, shear, etc.)
<application>Cairo</application> est une bibliothèque graphique 2D avec un support de plusieurs périphériques de sortie. Les cibles de sortie actuellement supportées incluent le système <application>X</application> Window, Win32, les tampons image, PostScript, PDF et SVG. Des moteurs expérimentaux incluent le fichier de sortie OpenGL, Quartz et XCB. <application>Cairo</application> est conçu pour produire une sortie cohérente sur tous les médias de sortie, tout en tirant parti de l'accélération matérielle si elle est disponible (à travers par exemple l'extension X Render). L'API de <application>Cairo</application> offre des opérations ressemblant aux opérateurs de dessin de PostScript et de PDF. Les opérations dans <application>Cairo</application> incluent le découpage et le remplissage de courbes de Bézier cubiques, la transformation et la décomposition d'images translucides, et l'affichage de texte non crénelé. Toutes les opérations de dessin peuvent être transformées par une <ulink url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affine_transformation">transformation affine</ulink> (dimensionnement, rotation, dépouillement, etc.).
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_filesystems_initramfs — English
<userinput>cat &gt; /usr/sbin/mkinitramfs &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>#!/bin/bash
# This file based in part on the mkinitramfs script for the LFS LiveCD
# written by Alexander E. Patrakov and Jeremy Huntwork.

copy()
{
local file

if [ "$2" = "lib" ]; then
file=$(PATH=/usr/lib type -p $1)
else
file=$(type -p $1)
fi

if [ -n "$file" ] ; then
cp $file $WDIR/usr/$2
else
echo "Missing required file: $1 for directory $2"
rm -rf $WDIR
exit 1
fi
}

if [ -z $1 ] ; then
INITRAMFS_FILE=initrd.img-no-kmods
else
KERNEL_VERSION=$1
INITRAMFS_FILE=initrd.img-$KERNEL_VERSION
fi

if [ -n "$KERNEL_VERSION" ] &amp;&amp; [ ! -d "/usr/lib/modules/$1" ] ; then
echo "No modules directory named $1"
exit 1
fi

printf "Creating $INITRAMFS_FILE... "

binfiles="sh cat cp dd killall ls mkdir mknod mount "
binfiles="$binfiles umount sed sleep ln rm uname"
binfiles="$binfiles readlink basename"

# Systemd installs udevadm in /bin. Other udev implementations have it in /sbin
if [ -x /usr/bin/udevadm ] ; then binfiles="$binfiles udevadm"; fi

sbinfiles="modprobe blkid switch_root"

# Optional files and locations
for f in mdadm mdmon udevd udevadm; do
if [ -x /usr/sbin/$f ] ; then sbinfiles="$sbinfiles $f"; fi
done

# Add lvm if present (cannot be done with the others because it
# also needs dmsetup
if [ -x /usr/sbin/lvm ] ; then sbinfiles="$sbinfiles lvm dmsetup"; fi

unsorted=$(mktemp /tmp/unsorted.XXXXXXXXXX)

DATADIR=/usr/share/mkinitramfs
INITIN=init.in

# Create a temporary working directory
WDIR=$(mktemp -d /tmp/initrd-work.XXXXXXXXXX)

# Create base directory structure
mkdir -p $WDIR/{dev,run,sys,proc,usr/{bin,lib/{firmware,modules},sbin}}
mkdir -p $WDIR/etc/{modprobe.d,udev/rules.d}
touch $WDIR/etc/modprobe.d/modprobe.conf
ln -s usr/bin $WDIR/bin
ln -s usr/lib $WDIR/lib
ln -s usr/sbin $WDIR/sbin
ln -s lib $WDIR/lib64

# Create necessary device nodes
mknod -m 640 $WDIR/dev/console c 5 1
mknod -m 664 $WDIR/dev/null c 1 3

# Install the udev configuration files
if [ -f /etc/udev/udev.conf ]; then
cp /etc/udev/udev.conf $WDIR/etc/udev/udev.conf
fi

for file in $(find /etc/udev/rules.d/ -type f) ; do
cp $file $WDIR/etc/udev/rules.d
done

# Install any firmware present
cp -a /usr/lib/firmware $WDIR/usr/lib

# Copy the RAID configuration file if present
if [ -f /etc/mdadm.conf ] ; then
cp /etc/mdadm.conf $WDIR/etc
fi

# Install the init file
install -m0755 $DATADIR/$INITIN $WDIR/init

if [ -n "$KERNEL_VERSION" ] ; then
if [ -x /usr/bin/kmod ] ; then
binfiles="$binfiles kmod"
else
binfiles="$binfiles lsmod"
sbinfiles="$sbinfiles insmod"
fi
fi

# Install basic binaries
for f in $binfiles ; do
ldd /usr/bin/$f | sed "s/\t//" | cut -d " " -f1 &gt;&gt; $unsorted
copy /usr/bin/$f bin
done

for f in $sbinfiles ; do
ldd /usr/sbin/$f | sed "s/\t//" | cut -d " " -f1 &gt;&gt; $unsorted
copy $f sbin
done

# Add udevd libraries if not in /usr/sbin
if [ -x /usr/lib/udev/udevd ] ; then
ldd /usr/lib/udev/udevd | sed "s/\t//" | cut -d " " -f1 &gt;&gt; $unsorted
elif [ -x /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd ] ; then
ldd /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd | sed "s/\t//" | cut -d " " -f1 &gt;&gt; $unsorted
fi

# Add module symlinks if appropriate
if [ -n "$KERNEL_VERSION" ] &amp;&amp; [ -x /usr/bin/kmod ] ; then
ln -s kmod $WDIR/usr/bin/lsmod
ln -s kmod $WDIR/usr/bin/insmod
fi

# Add lvm symlinks if appropriate
# Also copy the lvm.conf file
if [ -x /usr/sbin/lvm ] ; then
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvchange
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvrename
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvextend
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvcreate
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvdisplay
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvscan

ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvchange
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvck
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvcreate
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvdisplay
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvscan

ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgchange
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgcreate
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgscan
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgrename
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgck
# Conf file(s)
cp -a /etc/lvm $WDIR/etc
fi

# Install libraries
sort $unsorted | uniq | while read library ; do
# linux-vdso and linux-gate are pseudo libraries and do not correspond to a file
# libsystemd-shared is in /lib/systemd, so it is not found by copy, and
# it is copied below anyway
if [[ "$library" == linux-vdso.so.1 ]] ||
[[ "$library" == linux-gate.so.1 ]] ||
[[ "$library" == libsystemd-shared* ]]; then
continue
fi

copy $library lib
done

if [ -d /usr/lib/udev ]; then
cp -a /usr/lib/udev $WDIR/usr/lib
fi
if [ -d /usr/lib/systemd ]; then
cp -a /usr/lib/systemd $WDIR/usr/lib
fi
if [ -d /usr/lib/elogind ]; then
cp -a /usr/lib/elogind $WDIR/usr/lib
fi

# Install the kernel modules if requested
if [ -n "$KERNEL_VERSION" ]; then
find \
/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/kernel/{crypto,fs,lib} \
/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/kernel/drivers/{block,ata,nvme,md,firewire} \
/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/kernel/drivers/{scsi,message,pcmcia,virtio} \
/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/kernel/drivers/usb/{host,storage} \
-type f 2&gt; /dev/null | cpio --make-directories -p --quiet $WDIR

cp /usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/modules.{builtin,order} \
$WDIR/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION
if [ -f /usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/modules.builtin.modinfo ]; then
cp /usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/modules.builtin.modinfo \
$WDIR/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION
fi

depmod -b $WDIR $KERNEL_VERSION
fi

( cd $WDIR ; find . | cpio -o -H newc --quiet | gzip -9 ) &gt; $INITRAMFS_FILE

# Prepare early loading of microcode if available
if ls /usr/lib/firmware/intel-ucode/* &gt;/dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1 ||
ls /usr/lib/firmware/amd-ucode/* &gt;/dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1; then

# first empty WDIR to reuse it
rm -r $WDIR/*

DSTDIR=$WDIR/kernel/x86/microcode
mkdir -p $DSTDIR

if [ -d /usr/lib/firmware/amd-ucode ]; then
cat /usr/lib/firmware/amd-ucode/microcode_amd*.bin &gt; $DSTDIR/AuthenticAMD.bin
fi

if [ -d /usr/lib/firmware/intel-ucode ]; then
cat /usr/lib/firmware/intel-ucode/* &gt; $DSTDIR/GenuineIntel.bin
fi

( cd $WDIR; find . | cpio -o -H newc --quiet ) &gt; microcode.img
cat microcode.img $INITRAMFS_FILE &gt; tmpfile
mv tmpfile $INITRAMFS_FILE
rm microcode.img
fi

# Remove the temporary directories and files
rm -rf $WDIR $unsorted
printf "done.\n"
</literal>
EOF

chmod 0755 /usr/sbin/mkinitramfs</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /usr/sbin/mkinitramfs &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>#!/bin/bash
# This file based in part on the mkinitramfs script for the LFS LiveCD
# written by Alexander E. Patrakov and Jeremy Huntwork.

copy()
{
local file

if [ "$2" = "lib" ]; then
file=$(PATH=/usr/lib type -p $1)
else
file=$(type -p $1)
fi

if [ -n "$file" ] ; then
cp $file $WDIR/usr/$2
else
echo "Missing required file: $1 for directory $2"
rm -rf $WDIR
exit 1
fi
}

if [ -z $1 ] ; then
INITRAMFS_FILE=initrd.img-no-kmods
else
KERNEL_VERSION=$1
INITRAMFS_FILE=initrd.img-$KERNEL_VERSION
fi

if [ -n "$KERNEL_VERSION" ] &amp;&amp; [ ! -d "/usr/lib/modules/$1" ] ; then
echo "No modules directory named $1"
exit 1
fi

printf "Creating $INITRAMFS_FILE... "

binfiles="sh cat cp dd killall ls mkdir mknod mount "
binfiles="$binfiles umount sed sleep ln rm uname"
binfiles="$binfiles readlink basename"

# Systemd installs udevadm in /bin. Other udev implementations have it in /sbin
if [ -x /usr/bin/udevadm ] ; then binfiles="$binfiles udevadm"; fi

sbinfiles="modprobe blkid switch_root"

# Optional files and locations
for f in mdadm mdmon udevd udevadm; do
if [ -x /usr/sbin/$f ] ; then sbinfiles="$sbinfiles $f"; fi
done

# Add lvm if present (cannot be done with the others because it
# also needs dmsetup
if [ -x /usr/sbin/lvm ] ; then sbinfiles="$sbinfiles lvm dmsetup"; fi

unsorted=$(mktemp /tmp/unsorted.XXXXXXXXXX)

DATADIR=/usr/share/mkinitramfs
INITIN=init.in

# Create a temporary working directory
WDIR=$(mktemp -d /tmp/initrd-work.XXXXXXXXXX)

# Create base directory structure
mkdir -p $WDIR/{dev,run,sys,proc,usr/{bin,lib/{firmware,modules},sbin}}
mkdir -p $WDIR/etc/{modprobe.d,udev/rules.d}
touch $WDIR/etc/modprobe.d/modprobe.conf
ln -s usr/bin $WDIR/bin
ln -s usr/lib $WDIR/lib
ln -s usr/sbin $WDIR/sbin
ln -s lib $WDIR/lib64

# Create necessary device nodes
mknod -m 640 $WDIR/dev/console c 5 1
mknod -m 664 $WDIR/dev/null c 1 3

# Install the udev configuration files
if [ -f /etc/udev/udev.conf ]; then
cp /etc/udev/udev.conf $WDIR/etc/udev/udev.conf
fi

for file in $(find /etc/udev/rules.d/ -type f) ; do
cp $file $WDIR/etc/udev/rules.d
done

# Install any firmware present
cp -a /usr/lib/firmware $WDIR/usr/lib

# Copy the RAID configuration file if present
if [ -f /etc/mdadm.conf ] ; then
cp /etc/mdadm.conf $WDIR/etc
fi

# Install the init file
install -m0755 $DATADIR/$INITIN $WDIR/init

if [ -n "$KERNEL_VERSION" ] ; then
if [ -x /usr/bin/kmod ] ; then
binfiles="$binfiles kmod"
else
binfiles="$binfiles lsmod"
sbinfiles="$sbinfiles insmod"
fi
fi

# Install basic binaries
for f in $binfiles ; do
ldd /usr/bin/$f | sed "s/\t//" | cut -d " " -f1 &gt;&gt; $unsorted
copy /usr/bin/$f bin
done

for f in $sbinfiles ; do
ldd /usr/sbin/$f | sed "s/\t//" | cut -d " " -f1 &gt;&gt; $unsorted
copy $f sbin
done

# Add udevd libraries if not in /usr/sbin
if [ -x /usr/lib/udev/udevd ] ; then
ldd /usr/lib/udev/udevd | sed "s/\t//" | cut -d " " -f1 &gt;&gt; $unsorted
elif [ -x /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd ] ; then
ldd /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd | sed "s/\t//" | cut -d " " -f1 &gt;&gt; $unsorted
fi

# Add module symlinks if appropriate
if [ -n "$KERNEL_VERSION" ] &amp;&amp; [ -x /usr/bin/kmod ] ; then
ln -s kmod $WDIR/usr/bin/lsmod
ln -s kmod $WDIR/usr/bin/insmod
fi

# Add lvm symlinks if appropriate
# Also copy the lvm.conf file
if [ -x /usr/sbin/lvm ] ; then
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvchange
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvrename
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvextend
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvcreate
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvdisplay
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvscan

ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvchange
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvck
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvcreate
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvdisplay
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvscan

ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgchange
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgcreate
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgscan
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgrename
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgck
# Conf file(s)
cp -a /etc/lvm $WDIR/etc
fi

# Install libraries
sort $unsorted | uniq | while read library ; do
# linux-vdso and linux-gate are pseudo libraries and do not correspond to a file
# libsystemd-shared is in /lib/systemd, so it is not found by copy, and
# it is copied below anyway
if [[ "$library" == linux-vdso.so.1 ]] ||
[[ "$library" == linux-gate.so.1 ]] ||
[[ "$library" == libsystemd-shared* ]]; then
continue
fi

copy $library lib
done

if [ -d /usr/lib/udev ]; then
cp -a /usr/lib/udev $WDIR/usr/lib
fi
if [ -d /usr/lib/systemd ]; then
cp -a /usr/lib/systemd $WDIR/usr/lib
fi
if [ -d /usr/lib/elogind ]; then
cp -a /usr/lib/elogind $WDIR/usr/lib
fi

# Install the kernel modules if requested
if [ -n "$KERNEL_VERSION" ]; then
find \
/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/kernel/{crypto,fs,lib} \
/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/kernel/drivers/{block,ata,nvme,md,firewire} \
/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/kernel/drivers/{scsi,message,pcmcia,virtio} \
/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/kernel/drivers/usb/{host,storage} \
-type f 2&gt; /dev/null | cpio --make-directories -p --quiet $WDIR

cp /usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/modules.{builtin,order} \
$WDIR/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION
if [ -f /usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/modules.builtin.modinfo ]; then
cp /usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/modules.builtin.modinfo \
$WDIR/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION
fi

depmod -b $WDIR $KERNEL_VERSION
fi

( cd $WDIR ; find . | cpio -o -H newc --quiet | gzip -9 ) &gt; $INITRAMFS_FILE

# Prepare early loading of microcode if available
if ls /usr/lib/firmware/intel-ucode/* &gt;/dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1 ||
ls /usr/lib/firmware/amd-ucode/* &gt;/dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1; then

# first empty WDIR to reuse it
rm -r $WDIR/*

DSTDIR=$WDIR/kernel/x86/microcode
mkdir -p $DSTDIR

if [ -d /usr/lib/firmware/amd-ucode ]; then
cat /usr/lib/firmware/amd-ucode/microcode_amd*.bin &gt; $DSTDIR/AuthenticAMD.bin
fi

if [ -d /usr/lib/firmware/intel-ucode ]; then
cat /usr/lib/firmware/intel-ucode/* &gt; $DSTDIR/GenuineIntel.bin
fi

( cd $WDIR; find . | cpio -o -H newc --quiet ) &gt; microcode.img
cat microcode.img $INITRAMFS_FILE &gt; tmpfile
mv tmpfile $INITRAMFS_FILE
rm microcode.img
fi

# Remove the temporary directories and files
rm -rf $WDIR $unsorted
printf "done.\n"
</literal>
EOF

chmod 0755 /usr/sbin/mkinitramfs</userinput>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_filesystems_initramfs — French
<userinput>cat &gt; /usr/sbin/mkinitramfs &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>#!/bin/bash
# This file based in part on the mkinitramfs script for the LFS LiveCD
# written by Alexander E. Patrakov and Jeremy Huntwork.

copy()
{
local file

if [ "$2" = "lib" ]; then
file=$(PATH=/usr/lib type -p $1)
else
file=$(type -p $1)
fi

if [ -n "$file" ] ; then
cp $file $WDIR/usr/$2
else
echo "Missing required file: $1 for directory $2"
rm -rf $WDIR
exit 1
fi
}

if [ -z $1 ] ; then
INITRAMFS_FILE=initrd.img-no-kmods
else
KERNEL_VERSION=$1
INITRAMFS_FILE=initrd.img-$KERNEL_VERSION
fi

if [ -n "$KERNEL_VERSION" ] &amp;&amp; [ ! -d "/usr/lib/modules/$1" ] ; then
echo "No modules directory named $1"
exit 1
fi

printf "Creating $INITRAMFS_FILE... "

binfiles="sh cat cp dd killall ls mkdir mknod mount "
binfiles="$binfiles umount sed sleep ln rm uname"
binfiles="$binfiles readlink basename"

# Systemd installs udevadm in /bin. Other udev implementations have it in /sbin
if [ -x /usr/bin/udevadm ] ; then binfiles="$binfiles udevadm"; fi

sbinfiles="modprobe blkid switch_root"

# Optional files and locations
for f in mdadm mdmon udevd udevadm; do
if [ -x /usr/sbin/$f ] ; then sbinfiles="$sbinfiles $f"; fi
done

# Add lvm if present (cannot be done with the others because it
# also needs dmsetup
if [ -x /usr/sbin/lvm ] ; then sbinfiles="$sbinfiles lvm dmsetup"; fi

unsorted=$(mktemp /tmp/unsorted.XXXXXXXXXX)

DATADIR=/usr/share/mkinitramfs
INITIN=init.in

# Create a temporary working directory
WDIR=$(mktemp -d /tmp/initrd-work.XXXXXXXXXX)

# Create base directory structure
mkdir -p $WDIR/{dev,run,sys,proc,usr/{bin,lib/{firmware,modules},sbin}}
mkdir -p $WDIR/etc/{modprobe.d,udev/rules.d}
touch $WDIR/etc/modprobe.d/modprobe.conf
ln -s usr/bin $WDIR/bin
ln -s usr/lib $WDIR/lib
ln -s usr/sbin $WDIR/sbin
ln -s lib $WDIR/lib64

# Create necessary device nodes
mknod -m 640 $WDIR/dev/console c 5 1
mknod -m 664 $WDIR/dev/null c 1 3

# Install the udev configuration files
if [ -f /etc/udev/udev.conf ]; then
cp /etc/udev/udev.conf $WDIR/etc/udev/udev.conf
fi

for file in $(find /etc/udev/rules.d/ -type f) ; do
cp $file $WDIR/etc/udev/rules.d
done

# Install any firmware present
cp -a /usr/lib/firmware $WDIR/usr/lib

# Copy the RAID configuration file if present
if [ -f /etc/mdadm.conf ] ; then
cp /etc/mdadm.conf $WDIR/etc
fi

# Install the init file
install -m0755 $DATADIR/$INITIN $WDIR/init

if [ -n "$KERNEL_VERSION" ] ; then
if [ -x /usr/bin/kmod ] ; then
binfiles="$binfiles kmod"
else
binfiles="$binfiles lsmod"
sbinfiles="$sbinfiles insmod"
fi
fi

# Install basic binaries
for f in $binfiles ; do
ldd /usr/bin/$f | sed "s/\t//" | cut -d " " -f1 &gt;&gt; $unsorted
copy /usr/bin/$f bin
done

for f in $sbinfiles ; do
ldd /usr/sbin/$f | sed "s/\t//" | cut -d " " -f1 &gt;&gt; $unsorted
copy $f sbin
done

# Add udevd libraries if not in /usr/sbin
if [ -x /usr/lib/udev/udevd ] ; then
ldd /usr/lib/udev/udevd | sed "s/\t//" | cut -d " " -f1 &gt;&gt; $unsorted
elif [ -x /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd ] ; then
ldd /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd | sed "s/\t//" | cut -d " " -f1 &gt;&gt; $unsorted
fi

# Add module symlinks if appropriate
if [ -n "$KERNEL_VERSION" ] &amp;&amp; [ -x /usr/bin/kmod ] ; then
ln -s kmod $WDIR/usr/bin/lsmod
ln -s kmod $WDIR/usr/bin/insmod
fi

# Add lvm symlinks if appropriate
# Also copy the lvm.conf file
if [ -x /usr/sbin/lvm ] ; then
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvchange
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvrename
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvextend
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvcreate
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvdisplay
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvscan

ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvchange
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvck
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvcreate
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvdisplay
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvscan

ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgchange
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgcreate
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgscan
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgrename
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgck
# Conf file(s)
cp -a /etc/lvm $WDIR/etc
fi

# Install libraries
sort $unsorted | uniq | while read library ; do
# linux-vdso and linux-gate are pseudo libraries and do not correspond to a file
# libsystemd-shared is in /lib/systemd, so it is not found by copy, and
# it is copied below anyway
if [[ "$library" == linux-vdso.so.1 ]] ||
[[ "$library" == linux-gate.so.1 ]] ||
[[ "$library" == libsystemd-shared* ]]; then
continue
fi

copy $library lib
done

if [ -d /usr/lib/udev ]; then
cp -a /usr/lib/udev $WDIR/usr/lib
fi
if [ -d /usr/lib/systemd ]; then
cp -a /usr/lib/systemd $WDIR/usr/lib
fi
if [ -d /usr/lib/elogind ]; then
cp -a /usr/lib/elogind $WDIR/usr/lib
fi

# Install the kernel modules if requested
if [ -n "$KERNEL_VERSION" ]; then
find \
/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/kernel/{crypto,fs,lib} \
/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/kernel/drivers/{block,ata,nvme,md,firewire} \
/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/kernel/drivers/{scsi,message,pcmcia,virtio} \
/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/kernel/drivers/usb/{host,storage} \
-type f 2&gt; /dev/null | cpio --make-directories -p --quiet $WDIR

cp /usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/modules.{builtin,order} \
$WDIR/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION
if [ -f /usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/modules.builtin.modinfo ]; then
cp /usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/modules.builtin.modinfo \
$WDIR/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION
fi

depmod -b $WDIR $KERNEL_VERSION
fi

( cd $WDIR ; find . | cpio -o -H newc --quiet | gzip -9 ) &gt; $INITRAMFS_FILE

# Prepare early loading of microcode if available
if ls /usr/lib/firmware/intel-ucode/* &gt;/dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1 ||
ls /usr/lib/firmware/amd-ucode/* &gt;/dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1; then

# first empty WDIR to reuse it
rm -r $WDIR/*

DSTDIR=$WDIR/kernel/x86/microcode
mkdir -p $DSTDIR

if [ -d /usr/lib/firmware/amd-ucode ]; then
cat /usr/lib/firmware/amd-ucode/microcode_amd*.bin &gt; $DSTDIR/AuthenticAMD.bin
fi

if [ -d /usr/lib/firmware/intel-ucode ]; then
cat /usr/lib/firmware/intel-ucode/* &gt; $DSTDIR/GenuineIntel.bin
fi

( cd $WDIR; find . | cpio -o -H newc --quiet ) &gt; microcode.img
cat microcode.img $INITRAMFS_FILE &gt; tmpfile
mv tmpfile $INITRAMFS_FILE
rm microcode.img
fi

# Remove the temporary directories and files
rm -rf $WDIR $unsorted
printf "done.\n"
</literal>
EOF

chmod 0755 /usr/sbin/mkinitramfs</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /usr/sbin/mkinitramfs &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>#!/bin/bash
# Ce fichier se base en partie sur le script mkinitramfs du LiveCD LFS
# écrit par Alexander E. Patrakov et Jeremy Huntwork.

copy()
{
local file

if [ "$2" = "lib" ]; then
file=$(PATH=/usr/lib type -p $1)
else
file=$(type -p $1)
fi

if [ -n "$file" ] ; then
cp $file $WDIR/usr/$2
else
echo "Fichier requis manquant : $1 pour le répertoire $2"
rm -rf $WDIR
exit 1
fi
}

if [ -z $1 ] ; then
INITRAMFS_FILE=initrd.img-no-kmods
else
KERNEL_VERSION=$1
INITRAMFS_FILE=initrd.img-$KERNEL_VERSION
fi

if [ -n "$KERNEL_VERSION" ] &amp;&amp; [ ! -d "/usr/lib/modules/$1" ] ; then
echo "Aucun répertoire de modules nommé $1"
exit 1
fi

printf "Création de $INITRAMFS_FILE... "

binfiles="sh cat cp dd killall ls mkdir mknod mount "
binfiles="$binfiles umount sed sleep ln rm uname"
binfiles="$binfiles readlink basename"

# Systemd installe udevadm dans /bin. Les autres implementations d'udev le placent dans /sbin
if [ -x /usr/bin/udevadm ] ; then binfiles="$binfiles udevadm"; fi

sbinfiles="modprobe blkid switch_root"

# Fichiers en emplacements facultatifs
for f in mdadm mdmon udevd udevadm; do
if [ -x /usr/sbin/$f ] ; then sbinfiles="$sbinfiles $f"; fi
done

# Ajout de lvm s'il est présent (impossible de le faire avec le reste car il
# nécessite également dmsetup)
if [ -x /usr/sbin/lvm ] ; then sbinfiles="$sbinfiles lvm dmsetup"; fi

unsorted=$(mktemp /tmp/unsorted.XXXXXXXXXX)

DATADIR=/usr/share/mkinitramfs
INITIN=init.in

# Création d'un répertoire de travail temporaire
WDIR=$(mktemp -d /tmp/initrd-work.XXXXXXXXXX)

# Création d'une structure de répertoires de base
mkdir -p $WDIR/{dev,run,sys,proc,usr/{bin,lib/{firmware,modules},sbin}}
mkdir -p $WDIR/etc/{modprobe.d,udev/rules.d}
touch $WDIR/etc/modprobe.d/modprobe.conf
ln -s usr/bin $WDIR/bin
ln -s usr/lib $WDIR/lib
ln -s usr/sbin $WDIR/sbin
ln -s lib $WDIR/lib64

# Création des nœuds de périphérique nécessaires
mknod -m 640 $WDIR/dev/console c 5 1
mknod -m 664 $WDIR/dev/null c 1 3

# Installation des fichiers de configuration d'udev
if [ -f /etc/udev/udev.conf ]; then
cp /etc/udev/udev.conf $WDIR/etc/udev/udev.conf
fi

for file in $(find /etc/udev/rules.d/ -type f) ; do
cp $file $WDIR/etc/udev/rules.d
done

# Installation des micrologiciels présents
cp -a /usr/lib/firmware $WDIR/usr/lib

# Copie du fichier de configuration RAID s'il est présent
if [ -f /etc/mdadm.conf ] ; then
cp /etc/mdadm.conf $WDIR/etc
fi

# Installation du fichier d'init
install -m0755 $DATADIR/$INITIN $WDIR/init

if [ -n "$KERNEL_VERSION" ] ; then
if [ -x /usr/bin/kmod ] ; then
binfiles="$binfiles kmod"
else
binfiles="$binfiles lsmod"
sbinfiles="$sbinfiles insmod"
fi
fi

# Installation des binaires de base
for f in $binfiles ; do
ldd /usr/bin/$f | sed "s/\t//" | cut -d " " -f1 &gt;&gt; $unsorted
copy /usr/bin/$f bin
done

for f in $sbinfiles ; do
ldd /usr/sbin/$f | sed "s/\t//" | cut -d " " -f1 &gt;&gt; $unsorted
copy $f sbin
done

# Ajout des bibliothèques udevd s'il n'est pas dans /usr/sbin
if [ -x /usr/lib/udev/udevd ] ; then
ldd /usr/lib/udev/udevd | sed "s/\t//" | cut -d " " -f1 &gt;&gt; $unsorted
elif [ -x /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd ] ; then
ldd /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd | sed "s/\t//" | cut -d " " -f1 &gt;&gt; $unsorted
fi

# Ajout des liens symboliques des modules si nécessaire
if [ -n "$KERNEL_VERSION" ] &amp;&amp; [ -x /usr/bin/kmod ] ; then
ln -s kmod $WDIR/usr/bin/lsmod
ln -s kmod $WDIR/usr/bin/insmod
fi

# Ajout des liens symboliques de lvm si nécessaire
# Également, copie du fichier lvm.conf
if [ -x /usr/sbin/lvm ] ; then
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvchange
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvrename
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvextend
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvcreate
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvdisplay
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/lvscan

ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvchange
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvck
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvcreate
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvdisplay
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/pvscan

ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgchange
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgcreate
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgscan
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgrename
ln -s lvm $WDIR/usr/sbin/vgck
# Fichier de configuration
cp -a /etc/lvm $WDIR/etc
fi

# Installation des bibliothèques
sort $unsorted | uniq | while read library ; do
# linux-vdso et linux-gate sont des pseudo-bibliothèque et ne correspondent pas à un fichier
# libsystemd-shared se trouve dans /lib/systemd, donc il n'est pas trouvé par la copie, mais
# il est tout de même copié plus bas
if [[ "$library" == linux-vdso.so.1 ]] ||
[[ "$library" == linux-gate.so.1 ]] ||
[[ "$library" == libsystemd-shared* ]]; then
continue
fi

copy $library lib
done

if [ -d /usr/lib/udev ]; then
cp -a /usr/lib/udev $WDIR/usr/lib
fi
if [ -d /usr/lib/systemd ]; then
cp -a /usr/lib/systemd $WDIR/usr/lib
fi
if [ -d /usr/lib/elogind ]; then
cp -a /usr/lib/elogind $WDIR/usr/lib
fi

# Installation des modules du noyau si nécessaire
if [ -n "$KERNEL_VERSION" ]; then
find \
/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/kernel/{crypto,fs,lib} \
/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/kernel/drivers/{block,ata,nvme,md,firewire} \
/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/kernel/drivers/{scsi,message,pcmcia,virtio} \
/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/kernel/drivers/usb/{host,storage} \
-type f 2&gt; /dev/null | cpio --make-directories -p --quiet $WDIR

cp /usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/modules.{builtin,order} \
$WDIR/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION
if [ -f /usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/modules.builtin.modinfo ]; then
cp /usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION/modules.builtin.modinfo \
$WDIR/usr/lib/modules/$KERNEL_VERSION
fi

depmod -b $WDIR $KERNEL_VERSION
fi

( cd $WDIR ; find . | cpio -o -H newc --quiet | gzip -9 ) &gt; $INITRAMFS_FILE

# Preparation du chargement au plus tôt du microcode s'il est disponible
if ls /usr/lib/firmware/intel-ucode/* &gt;/dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1 ||
ls /usr/lib/firmware/amd-ucode/* &gt;/dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1; then

# on commence par vider WDIR pour le réutiliser
rm -r $WDIR/*

DSTDIR=$WDIR/kernel/x86/microcode
mkdir -p $DSTDIR

if [ -d /usr/lib/firmware/amd-ucode ]; then
cat /usr/lib/firmware/amd-ucode/microcode_amd*.bin &gt; $DSTDIR/AuthenticAMD.bin
fi

if [ -d /usr/lib/firmware/intel-ucode ]; then
cat /usr/lib/firmware/intel-ucode/* &gt; $DSTDIR/GenuineIntel.bin
fi

( cd $WDIR; find . | cpio -o -H newc --quiet ) &gt; microcode.img
cat microcode.img $INITRAMFS_FILE &gt; tmpfile
mv tmpfile $INITRAMFS_FILE
rm microcode.img
fi

# Suppression des répertoires et des fichiers temporaires
rm -rf $WDIR $unsorted
printf "done.\n"
</literal>
EOF

chmod 0755 /usr/sbin/mkinitramfs</userinput>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/lxqt_desktop_lxqt-about — English
The <application>lxqt-about</application> package provides the standalone <application>LXQt</application> <quote>About</quote> dialog.
The <application>lxqt-about</application> package provides the standalone <application>LXQt</application> <quote>About</quote> dialog.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/lxqt_desktop_lxqt-about — French
The <application>lxqt-about</application> package provides the standalone <application>LXQt</application> <quote>About</quote> dialog.
Le paquet <application>lxqt-about</application> fournit la boîte de dialogue indépendante <quote>À propos</quote> de <application>LXQT</application>.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/networking_netlibs_libndp — French
The <application>libndp</application> package provides a wrapper for IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Protocol. It also provides a tool named ndptool for sending and receiving NDP messages.
Le paquet <application>libndp</application> fournit une enveloppe pour le protocole de découverte de voisin (<foreignphrase>Neighbor Discovery Protocol</foreignphrase>) IPv6. Il fournit aussi un outil nommé ndptool pour envoyer et recevoir des messages NDP.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/multimedia_libdriv_sdl2 — French
The Simple DirectMedia Layer Version 2 (<application>SDL2</application> for short) is a cross-platform library designed to make it easy to write multimedia software, such as games and emulators.
La <foreignphrase>Simple DirectMedia Layer</foreignphrase> version 2 (simple couche DirectMedia ou, en bref, <application>SDL2</application>) est une bibliothèque multi-plateforme conçue pour faciliter l'écriture de logiciels multimédias tels que des jeux et des émulateurs.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/multimedia_libdriv_sdl — French
The Simple DirectMedia Layer (<application>SDL</application> for short) is a cross-platform library designed to make it easy to write multimedia software, such as games and emulators. This code is a compatibility layer; it provides a binary and source compatible API for programs written against SDL 1.2, but it uses SDL 2.0 behind the scenes.
La <foreignphrase>Simple DirectMedia Layer</foreignphrase> (simple couche DirectMedia ou, en bref, <application>SDL</application>) est une bibliothèque multi-plateforme conçue pour faciliter l'écriture de logiciels multimédias tels que des jeux et des émulateurs. Ce code est une couche de compatibilité, elle fournit un binaire et une API compatible au niveau source pour les programmes écrits avec SDL 1.2, mais elle utilise en fait SDL 2.0.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/server_other_openldap — French
The <application>OpenLDAP</application> package provides an open source implementation of the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol.
Le paquet <application>OpenLDAP</application> fournit une implémentation libre de <foreignphrase>Lightweight Directory Access Protocol</foreignphrase> (protocole d'accès au répertoire).
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/pst_printing_cups — French
The Common Unix Printing System (CUPS) is a print spooler and associated utilities. It is based on the "Internet Printing Protocol" and provides printing services to most PostScript and raster printers.
Le <foreignphrase>Common Unix Printing System</foreignphrase> (Cups) (système d'impression Unix général) est un ensemble de tampon d'imprimantes et d'outils associés. Il se base sur l'"Internet Printing Protocol" (protocole d'impression par Internet) et il offre des services d'impression pour la plupart des imprimantes PostScript and raster.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_genlib_libyaml — French
The <application>yaml</application> package contains a C library for parsing and emitting YAML (YAML Ain't Markup Language) code.
Le paquet <application>yaml</application> contient une bibliothèque C pour analyser et produire du code YAML (<foreignphrase>YAML Ain't Markup Language</foreignphrase>).
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_genlib_mtdev — French
The <application>mtdev</application> package contains Multitouch Protocol Translation Library which is used to transform all variants of kernel MT (Multitouch) events to the slotted type B protocol.
Le paquet <application>mtdev</application> contient une bibliothèque de traduction de protocole Multitouch (Multitouch Protocol Translation Library) utilisée pour transformer toutes les variantes d'événements MT (Multitouch) du noyau en protocole slotted de type B.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_genlib_libidn2 — French
<application>libidn2</application> is a package designed for internationalized string handling based on standards from the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)'s IDN working group, designed for internationalized domain names.
<application>libidn2</application> est un paquet conçu pour la gestion des chaînes internationales basées sur les standard du groupe de travail sur IDN de l'IETF (<foreignphrase>Internet Engineering Task Force</foreignphrase>), conçu pour les noms de domaines internationaux.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_genlib_libidn — French
<application>libidn</application> is a package designed for internationalized string handling based on the <ulink url="https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3454.txt">Stringprep</ulink>, <ulink url="https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3492.txt">Punycode</ulink> and <ulink url="https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3490.txt">IDNA</ulink> specifications defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Internationalized Domain Names (IDN) working group, used for internationalized domain names. This is useful for converting data from the system's native representation into UTF-8, transforming Unicode strings into ASCII strings, allowing applications to use certain ASCII name labels (beginning with a special prefix) to represent non-ASCII name labels, and converting entire domain names to and from the ASCII Compatible Encoding (ACE) form.
<application>libidn</application> est un paquet conçu pour la gestion de chaînes internationales basées sur les spécifications <ulink url="https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3454.txt">Stringprep</ulink>, <ulink url="https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3492.txt">Punycode</ulink> et <ulink url="https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3490.txt">DNA</ulink> définies par le groupe de travail <foreignphrase>Internationalized Domain Names</foreignphrase> (IDN) de l'<foreignphrase>Internet Engineering Task Force</foreignphrase> (IETF), utilisées pour les noms de domaine internationaux. C'est utile pour convertir des données d'une représentation originelle du système vers de l'UTF-8, transformant des chaînes Unicode en chaînes ASCII, permettant à des applications d'utiliser certaines étiquettes de nom ASCII (commençant par un préfixe spécial) pour représenter des étiquettes de nom non-ASCII et de convertir des noms de domaine entiers à partir et vers la forme <foreignphrase>ASCII Compatible Encoding</foreignphrase> (ACE).
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/introduction_important_libraries — English
If you use this approach, you may discover that more packages than you were expecting use a static library. That was the case with <application>nettle-2.4</application> in its default static-only configuration: It was required by <application>GnuTLS-3.0.19</application>, but also linked into package(s) which used <application>GnuTLS</application>, such as <application>glib-networking-2.32.3</application>.
If you use this approach, you may discover that more packages than you were expecting use a static library. That was the case with <application>nettle-2.4</application> in its default static-only configuration: It was required by <application>GnuTLS-3.0.19</application>, but also linked into package(s) which used <application>GnuTLS</application>, such as <application>glib-networking-2.32.3</application>.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_filesystems_initramfs — English
<userinput>mkdir -p /usr/share/mkinitramfs &amp;&amp;
cat &gt; /usr/share/mkinitramfs/init.in &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>#!/bin/sh

PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin
export PATH

problem()
{
printf "Encountered a problem!\n\nDropping you to a shell.\n\n"
sh
}

no_device()
{
printf "The device %s, which is supposed to contain the\n" $1
printf "root file system, does not exist.\n"
printf "Please fix this problem and exit this shell.\n\n"
}

no_mount()
{
printf "Could not mount device %s\n" $1
printf "Sleeping forever. Please reboot and fix the kernel command line.\n\n"
printf "Maybe the device is formatted with an unsupported file system?\n\n"
printf "Or maybe filesystem type autodetection went wrong, in which case\n"
printf "you should add the rootfstype=... parameter to the kernel command line.\n\n"
printf "Available partitions:\n"
}

do_mount_root()
{
mkdir /.root
[ -n "$rootflags" ] &amp;&amp; rootflags="$rootflags,"
rootflags="$rootflags$ro"

case "$root" in
/dev/* ) device=$root ;;
UUID=* ) eval $root; device="/dev/disk/by-uuid/$UUID" ;;
PARTUUID=*) eval $root; device="/dev/disk/by-partuuid/$PARTUUID" ;;
LABEL=* ) eval $root; device="/dev/disk/by-label/$LABEL" ;;
"" ) echo "No root device specified." ; problem ;;
esac

while [ ! -b "$device" ] ; do
no_device $device
problem
done

if ! mount -n -t "$rootfstype" -o "$rootflags" "$device" /.root ; then
no_mount $device
cat /proc/partitions
while true ; do sleep 10000 ; done
else
echo "Successfully mounted device $root"
fi
}

do_try_resume()
{
case "$resume" in
UUID=* ) eval $resume; resume="/dev/disk/by-uuid/$UUID" ;;
LABEL=*) eval $resume; resume="/dev/disk/by-label/$LABEL" ;;
esac

if $noresume || ! [ -b "$resume" ]; then return; fi

ls -lH "$resume" | ( read x x x x maj min x
echo -n ${maj%,}:$min &gt; /sys/power/resume )
}

init=/sbin/init
root=
rootdelay=
rootfstype=auto
ro="ro"
rootflags=
device=
resume=
noresume=false

mount -n -t devtmpfs devtmpfs /dev
mount -n -t proc proc /proc
mount -n -t sysfs sysfs /sys
mount -n -t tmpfs tmpfs /run

read -r cmdline &lt; /proc/cmdline

for param in $cmdline ; do
case $param in
init=* ) init=${param#init=} ;;
root=* ) root=${param#root=} ;;
rootdelay=* ) rootdelay=${param#rootdelay=} ;;
rootfstype=*) rootfstype=${param#rootfstype=} ;;
rootflags=* ) rootflags=${param#rootflags=} ;;
resume=* ) resume=${param#resume=} ;;
noresume ) noresume=true ;;
ro ) ro="ro" ;;
rw ) ro="rw" ;;
esac
done

# udevd location depends on version
if [ -x /sbin/udevd ]; then
UDEVD=/sbin/udevd
elif [ -x /lib/udev/udevd ]; then
UDEVD=/lib/udev/udevd
elif [ -x /lib/systemd/systemd-udevd ]; then
UDEVD=/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd
else
echo "Cannot find udevd nor systemd-udevd"
problem
fi

${UDEVD} --daemon --resolve-names=never
udevadm trigger
udevadm settle

if [ -f /etc/mdadm.conf ] ; then mdadm -As ; fi
if [ -x /sbin/vgchange ] ; then /sbin/vgchange -a y &gt; /dev/null ; fi
if [ -n "$rootdelay" ] ; then sleep "$rootdelay" ; fi

do_try_resume # This function will not return if resuming from disk
do_mount_root

killall -w ${UDEVD##*/}

exec switch_root /.root "$init" "$@"
</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>mkdir -p /usr/share/mkinitramfs &amp;&amp;
cat &gt; /usr/share/mkinitramfs/init.in &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>#!/bin/sh

PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin
export PATH

problem()
{
printf "Encountered a problem!\n\nDropping you to a shell.\n\n"
sh
}

no_device()
{
printf "The device %s, which is supposed to contain the\n" $1
printf "root file system, does not exist.\n"
printf "Please fix this problem and exit this shell.\n\n"
}

no_mount()
{
printf "Could not mount device %s\n" $1
printf "Sleeping forever. Please reboot and fix the kernel command line.\n\n"
printf "Maybe the device is formatted with an unsupported file system?\n\n"
printf "Or maybe filesystem type autodetection went wrong, in which case\n"
printf "you should add the rootfstype=... parameter to the kernel command line.\n\n"
printf "Available partitions:\n"
}

do_mount_root()
{
mkdir /.root
[ -n "$rootflags" ] &amp;&amp; rootflags="$rootflags,"
rootflags="$rootflags$ro"

case "$root" in
/dev/* ) device=$root ;;
UUID=* ) eval $root; device="/dev/disk/by-uuid/$UUID" ;;
PARTUUID=*) eval $root; device="/dev/disk/by-partuuid/$PARTUUID" ;;
LABEL=* ) eval $root; device="/dev/disk/by-label/$LABEL" ;;
"" ) echo "No root device specified." ; problem ;;
esac

while [ ! -b "$device" ] ; do
no_device $device
problem
done

if ! mount -n -t "$rootfstype" -o "$rootflags" "$device" /.root ; then
no_mount $device
cat /proc/partitions
while true ; do sleep 10000 ; done
else
echo "Successfully mounted device $root"
fi
}

do_try_resume()
{
case "$resume" in
UUID=* ) eval $resume; resume="/dev/disk/by-uuid/$UUID" ;;
LABEL=*) eval $resume; resume="/dev/disk/by-label/$LABEL" ;;
esac

if $noresume || ! [ -b "$resume" ]; then return; fi

ls -lH "$resume" | ( read x x x x maj min x
echo -n ${maj%,}:$min &gt; /sys/power/resume )
}

init=/sbin/init
root=
rootdelay=
rootfstype=auto
ro="ro"
rootflags=
device=
resume=
noresume=false

mount -n -t devtmpfs devtmpfs /dev
mount -n -t proc proc /proc
mount -n -t sysfs sysfs /sys
mount -n -t tmpfs tmpfs /run

read -r cmdline &lt; /proc/cmdline

for param in $cmdline ; do
case $param in
init=* ) init=${param#init=} ;;
root=* ) root=${param#root=} ;;
rootdelay=* ) rootdelay=${param#rootdelay=} ;;
rootfstype=*) rootfstype=${param#rootfstype=} ;;
rootflags=* ) rootflags=${param#rootflags=} ;;
resume=* ) resume=${param#resume=} ;;
noresume ) noresume=true ;;
ro ) ro="ro" ;;
rw ) ro="rw" ;;
esac
done

# udevd location depends on version
if [ -x /sbin/udevd ]; then
UDEVD=/sbin/udevd
elif [ -x /lib/udev/udevd ]; then
UDEVD=/lib/udev/udevd
elif [ -x /lib/systemd/systemd-udevd ]; then
UDEVD=/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd
else
echo "Cannot find udevd nor systemd-udevd"
problem
fi

${UDEVD} --daemon --resolve-names=never
udevadm trigger
udevadm settle

if [ -f /etc/mdadm.conf ] ; then mdadm -As ; fi
if [ -x /sbin/vgchange ] ; then /sbin/vgchange -a y &gt; /dev/null ; fi
if [ -n "$rootdelay" ] ; then sleep "$rootdelay" ; fi

do_try_resume # This function will not return if resuming from disk
do_mount_root

killall -w ${UDEVD##*/}

exec switch_root /.root "$init" "$@"
</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_filesystems_initramfs — French
<userinput>mkdir -p /usr/share/mkinitramfs &amp;&amp;
cat &gt; /usr/share/mkinitramfs/init.in &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>#!/bin/sh

PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin
export PATH

problem()
{
printf "Encountered a problem!\n\nDropping you to a shell.\n\n"
sh
}

no_device()
{
printf "The device %s, which is supposed to contain the\n" $1
printf "root file system, does not exist.\n"
printf "Please fix this problem and exit this shell.\n\n"
}

no_mount()
{
printf "Could not mount device %s\n" $1
printf "Sleeping forever. Please reboot and fix the kernel command line.\n\n"
printf "Maybe the device is formatted with an unsupported file system?\n\n"
printf "Or maybe filesystem type autodetection went wrong, in which case\n"
printf "you should add the rootfstype=... parameter to the kernel command line.\n\n"
printf "Available partitions:\n"
}

do_mount_root()
{
mkdir /.root
[ -n "$rootflags" ] &amp;&amp; rootflags="$rootflags,"
rootflags="$rootflags$ro"

case "$root" in
/dev/* ) device=$root ;;
UUID=* ) eval $root; device="/dev/disk/by-uuid/$UUID" ;;
PARTUUID=*) eval $root; device="/dev/disk/by-partuuid/$PARTUUID" ;;
LABEL=* ) eval $root; device="/dev/disk/by-label/$LABEL" ;;
"" ) echo "No root device specified." ; problem ;;
esac

while [ ! -b "$device" ] ; do
no_device $device
problem
done

if ! mount -n -t "$rootfstype" -o "$rootflags" "$device" /.root ; then
no_mount $device
cat /proc/partitions
while true ; do sleep 10000 ; done
else
echo "Successfully mounted device $root"
fi
}

do_try_resume()
{
case "$resume" in
UUID=* ) eval $resume; resume="/dev/disk/by-uuid/$UUID" ;;
LABEL=*) eval $resume; resume="/dev/disk/by-label/$LABEL" ;;
esac

if $noresume || ! [ -b "$resume" ]; then return; fi

ls -lH "$resume" | ( read x x x x maj min x
echo -n ${maj%,}:$min &gt; /sys/power/resume )
}

init=/sbin/init
root=
rootdelay=
rootfstype=auto
ro="ro"
rootflags=
device=
resume=
noresume=false

mount -n -t devtmpfs devtmpfs /dev
mount -n -t proc proc /proc
mount -n -t sysfs sysfs /sys
mount -n -t tmpfs tmpfs /run

read -r cmdline &lt; /proc/cmdline

for param in $cmdline ; do
case $param in
init=* ) init=${param#init=} ;;
root=* ) root=${param#root=} ;;
rootdelay=* ) rootdelay=${param#rootdelay=} ;;
rootfstype=*) rootfstype=${param#rootfstype=} ;;
rootflags=* ) rootflags=${param#rootflags=} ;;
resume=* ) resume=${param#resume=} ;;
noresume ) noresume=true ;;
ro ) ro="ro" ;;
rw ) ro="rw" ;;
esac
done

# udevd location depends on version
if [ -x /sbin/udevd ]; then
UDEVD=/sbin/udevd
elif [ -x /lib/udev/udevd ]; then
UDEVD=/lib/udev/udevd
elif [ -x /lib/systemd/systemd-udevd ]; then
UDEVD=/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd
else
echo "Cannot find udevd nor systemd-udevd"
problem
fi

${UDEVD} --daemon --resolve-names=never
udevadm trigger
udevadm settle

if [ -f /etc/mdadm.conf ] ; then mdadm -As ; fi
if [ -x /sbin/vgchange ] ; then /sbin/vgchange -a y &gt; /dev/null ; fi
if [ -n "$rootdelay" ] ; then sleep "$rootdelay" ; fi

do_try_resume # This function will not return if resuming from disk
do_mount_root

killall -w ${UDEVD##*/}

exec switch_root /.root "$init" "$@"
</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>mkdir -p /usr/share/mkinitramfs &amp;&amp;
cat &gt; /usr/share/mkinitramfs/init.in &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>#!/bin/sh

PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin
export PATH

problem()
{
printf "Encountered a problem!\n\nDropping you to a shell.\n\n"
sh
}

no_device()
{
printf "The device %s, which is supposed to contain the\n" $1
printf "root file system, does not exist.\n"
printf "Please fix this problem and exit this shell.\n\n"
}

no_mount()
{
printf "Could not mount device %s\n" $1
printf "Sleeping forever. Please reboot and fix the kernel command line.\n\n"
printf "Maybe the device is formatted with an unsupported file system?\n\n"
printf "Or maybe filesystem type autodetection went wrong, in which case\n"
printf "you should add the rootfstype=... parameter to the kernel command line.\n\n"
printf "Available partitions:\n"
}

do_mount_root()
{
mkdir /.root
[ -n "$rootflags" ] &amp;&amp; rootflags="$rootflags,"
rootflags="$rootflags$ro"

case "$root" in
/dev/* ) device=$root ;;
UUID=* ) eval $root; device="/dev/disk/by-uuid/$UUID" ;;
PARTUUID=*) eval $root; device="/dev/disk/by-partuuid/$PARTUUID" ;;
LABEL=* ) eval $root; device="/dev/disk/by-label/$LABEL" ;;
"" ) echo "No root device specified." ; problem ;;
esac

while [ ! -b "$device" ] ; do
no_device $device
problem
done

if ! mount -n -t "$rootfstype" -o "$rootflags" "$device" /.root ; then
no_mount $device
cat /proc/partitions
while true ; do sleep 10000 ; done
else
echo "Successfully mounted device $root"
fi
}

do_try_resume()
{
case "$resume" in
UUID=* ) eval $resume; resume="/dev/disk/by-uuid/$UUID" ;;
LABEL=*) eval $resume; resume="/dev/disk/by-label/$LABEL" ;;
esac

if $noresume || ! [ -b "$resume" ]; then return; fi

ls -lH "$resume" | ( read x x x x maj min x
echo -n ${maj%,}:$min &gt; /sys/power/resume )
}

init=/sbin/init
root=
rootdelay=
rootfstype=auto
ro="ro"
rootflags=
device=
resume=
noresume=false

mount -n -t devtmpfs devtmpfs /dev
mount -n -t proc proc /proc
mount -n -t sysfs sysfs /sys
mount -n -t tmpfs tmpfs /run

read -r cmdline &lt; /proc/cmdline

for param in $cmdline ; do
case $param in
init=* ) init=${param#init=} ;;
root=* ) root=${param#root=} ;;
rootdelay=* ) rootdelay=${param#rootdelay=} ;;
rootfstype=*) rootfstype=${param#rootfstype=} ;;
rootflags=* ) rootflags=${param#rootflags=} ;;
resume=* ) resume=${param#resume=} ;;
noresume ) noresume=true ;;
ro ) ro="ro" ;;
rw ) ro="rw" ;;
esac
done

# udevd location depends on version
if [ -x /sbin/udevd ]; then
UDEVD=/sbin/udevd
elif [ -x /lib/udev/udevd ]; then
UDEVD=/lib/udev/udevd
elif [ -x /lib/systemd/systemd-udevd ]; then
UDEVD=/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd
else
echo "Cannot find udevd nor systemd-udevd"
problem
fi

${UDEVD} --daemon --resolve-names=never
udevadm trigger
udevadm settle

if [ -f /etc/mdadm.conf ] ; then mdadm -As ; fi
if [ -x /sbin/vgchange ] ; then /sbin/vgchange -a y &gt; /dev/null ; fi
if [ -n "$rootdelay" ] ; then sleep "$rootdelay" ; fi

do_try_resume # This function will not return if resuming from disk
do_mount_root

killall -w ${UDEVD##*/}

exec switch_root /.root "$init" "$@"
</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_prog_python-dependencies_editables — English
<application>Editables</application> is python library for creating <quote>editable wheels.</quote>
<application>Editables</application> is python library for creating <quote>editable wheels.</quote>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_prog_python-dependencies_editables — French
<application>Editables</application> is python library for creating <quote>editable wheels.</quote>
<application>Editables</application> est une bibliothèque python pour créer des <quote>wheels modifiables</quote>.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/introduction_important_la-files — English
<userinput>cat &gt; /usr/sbin/remove-la-files.sh &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>#!/bin/bash

# /usr/sbin/remove-la-files.sh
# Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
# by Bruce Dubbs &lt;bdubbs@&lfs-domainname;&gt;

# Make sure we are running with root privs
if test "${EUID}" -ne 0; then
echo "Error: $(basename ${0}) must be run as the root user! Exiting..."
exit 1
fi

# Make sure PKG_CONFIG_PATH is set if discarded by sudo
source /etc/profile

OLD_LA_DIR=/var/local/la-files

mkdir -p $OLD_LA_DIR

# Only search directories in /opt, but not symlinks to directories
OPTDIRS=$(find /opt -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type d)

# Move any found .la files to a directory out of the way
find /usr/lib $OPTDIRS -name "*.la" ! -path "/usr/lib/ImageMagick*" \
-exec mv -fv {} $OLD_LA_DIR \;
###############

# Fix any .pc files that may have .la references

STD_PC_PATH='/usr/lib/pkgconfig
/usr/share/pkgconfig
/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
/usr/local/share/pkgconfig'

# For each directory that can have .pc files
for d in $(echo $PKG_CONFIG_PATH | tr : ' ') $STD_PC_PATH; do

# For each pc file
for pc in $d/*.pc ; do
if [ $pc == "$d/*.pc" ]; then continue; fi

# Check each word in a line with a .la reference
for word in $(grep '\.la' $pc); do
if $(echo $word | grep -q '.la$' ); then
mkdir -p $d/la-backup
cp -fv $pc $d/la-backup

basename=$(basename $word )
libref=$(echo $basename|sed -e 's/^lib/-l/' -e 's/\.la$//')

# Fix the .pc file
sed -i "s:$word:$libref:" $pc
fi
done
done
done</literal>

EOF

chmod +x /usr/sbin/remove-la-files.sh</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /usr/sbin/remove-la-files.sh &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>#!/bin/bash

# /usr/sbin/remove-la-files.sh
# Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
# by Bruce Dubbs &lt;bdubbs@&lfs-domainname;&gt;

# Make sure we are running with root privs
if test "${EUID}" -ne 0; then
echo "Error: $(basename ${0}) must be run as the root user! Exiting..."
exit 1
fi

# Make sure PKG_CONFIG_PATH is set if discarded by sudo
source /etc/profile

OLD_LA_DIR=/var/local/la-files

mkdir -p $OLD_LA_DIR

# Only search directories in /opt, but not symlinks to directories
OPTDIRS=$(find /opt -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type d)

# Move any found .la files to a directory out of the way
find /usr/lib $OPTDIRS -name "*.la" ! -path "/usr/lib/ImageMagick*" \
-exec mv -fv {} $OLD_LA_DIR \;
###############

# Fix any .pc files that may have .la references

STD_PC_PATH='/usr/lib/pkgconfig
/usr/share/pkgconfig
/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
/usr/local/share/pkgconfig'

# For each directory that can have .pc files
for d in $(echo $PKG_CONFIG_PATH | tr : ' ') $STD_PC_PATH; do

# For each pc file
for pc in $d/*.pc ; do
if [ $pc == "$d/*.pc" ]; then continue; fi

# Check each word in a line with a .la reference
for word in $(grep '\.la' $pc); do
if $(echo $word | grep -q '.la$' ); then
mkdir -p $d/la-backup
cp -fv $pc $d/la-backup

basename=$(basename $word )
libref=$(echo $basename|sed -e 's/^lib/-l/' -e 's/\.la$//')

# Fix the .pc file
sed -i "s:$word:$libref:" $pc
fi
done
done
done</literal>

EOF

chmod +x /usr/sbin/remove-la-files.sh</userinput>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/introduction_important_la-files — French
<userinput>cat &gt; /usr/sbin/remove-la-files.sh &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>#!/bin/bash

# /usr/sbin/remove-la-files.sh
# Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
# by Bruce Dubbs &lt;bdubbs@&lfs-domainname;&gt;

# Make sure we are running with root privs
if test "${EUID}" -ne 0; then
echo "Error: $(basename ${0}) must be run as the root user! Exiting..."
exit 1
fi

# Make sure PKG_CONFIG_PATH is set if discarded by sudo
source /etc/profile

OLD_LA_DIR=/var/local/la-files

mkdir -p $OLD_LA_DIR

# Only search directories in /opt, but not symlinks to directories
OPTDIRS=$(find /opt -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type d)

# Move any found .la files to a directory out of the way
find /usr/lib $OPTDIRS -name "*.la" ! -path "/usr/lib/ImageMagick*" \
-exec mv -fv {} $OLD_LA_DIR \;
###############

# Fix any .pc files that may have .la references

STD_PC_PATH='/usr/lib/pkgconfig
/usr/share/pkgconfig
/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
/usr/local/share/pkgconfig'

# For each directory that can have .pc files
for d in $(echo $PKG_CONFIG_PATH | tr : ' ') $STD_PC_PATH; do

# For each pc file
for pc in $d/*.pc ; do
if [ $pc == "$d/*.pc" ]; then continue; fi

# Check each word in a line with a .la reference
for word in $(grep '\.la' $pc); do
if $(echo $word | grep -q '.la$' ); then
mkdir -p $d/la-backup
cp -fv $pc $d/la-backup

basename=$(basename $word )
libref=$(echo $basename|sed -e 's/^lib/-l/' -e 's/\.la$//')

# Fix the .pc file
sed -i "s:$word:$libref:" $pc
fi
done
done
done</literal>

EOF

chmod +x /usr/sbin/remove-la-files.sh</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /usr/sbin/remove-la-files.sh &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>#!/bin/bash

# /usr/sbin/remove-la-files.sh
# Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
# by Bruce Dubbs &lt;bdubbs@&lfs-domainname;&gt;

# Make sure we are running with root privs
if test "${EUID}" -ne 0; then
echo "Error: $(basename ${0}) must be run as the root user! Exiting..."
exit 1
fi

# Make sure PKG_CONFIG_PATH is set if discarded by sudo
source /etc/profile

OLD_LA_DIR=/var/local/la-files

mkdir -p $OLD_LA_DIR

# Only search directories in /opt, but not symlinks to directories
OPTDIRS=$(find /opt -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type d)

# Move any found .la files to a directory out of the way
find /usr/lib $OPTDIRS -name "*.la" ! -path "/usr/lib/ImageMagick*" \
-exec mv -fv {} $OLD_LA_DIR \;
###############

# Fix any .pc files that may have .la references

STD_PC_PATH='/usr/lib/pkgconfig
/usr/share/pkgconfig
/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
/usr/local/share/pkgconfig'

# For each directory that can have .pc files
for d in $(echo $PKG_CONFIG_PATH | tr : ' ') $STD_PC_PATH; do

# For each pc file
for pc in $d/*.pc ; do
if [ $pc == "$d/*.pc" ]; then continue; fi

# Check each word in a line with a .la reference
for word in $(grep '\.la' $pc); do
if $(echo $word | grep -q '.la$' ); then
mkdir -p $d/la-backup
cp -fv $pc $d/la-backup

basename=$(basename $word )
libref=$(echo $basename|sed -e 's/^lib/-l/' -e 's/\.la$//')

# Fix the .pc file
sed -i "s:$word:$libref:" $pc
fi
done
done
done</literal>

EOF

chmod +x /usr/sbin/remove-la-files.sh</userinput>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/book_preface — English
The BLFS project is a natural progression of LFS. Together, these projects provide a unique resource for the Open Source Community. They take the mystery out of the process of building a complete, functional software system from the source code contributed by many talented individuals throughout the world. They truly allow users to implement the slogan <quote><emphasis>Your distro, your rules</emphasis>.</quote>
The BLFS project is a natural progression of LFS. Together, these projects provide a unique resource for the Open Source Community. They take the mystery out of the process of building a complete, functional software system from the source code contributed by many talented individuals throughout the world. They truly allow users to implement the slogan <quote><emphasis>Your distro, your rules</emphasis>.</quote>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/book_preface — French
The BLFS project is a natural progression of LFS. Together, these projects provide a unique resource for the Open Source Community. They take the mystery out of the process of building a complete, functional software system from the source code contributed by many talented individuals throughout the world. They truly allow users to implement the slogan <quote><emphasis>Your distro, your rules</emphasis>.</quote>
Le projet BLFS est la progression naturelle de LFS. Ces projets fournissent ensemble une ressource unique pour la communauté du logiciel libre. Ils éclairent le mystère du processus de construction d'un système de logiciels complet et fonctionnel, à partir du code source, auquel beaucoup d'individus talentueux ont contribué à travers le monde. Ils permettent vraiment aux utilisateurs d'adopter le slogan <quote><emphasis>Votre distrib, vos règles</emphasis></quote>.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_filesystems_uefi-bootloaders_grub-efi — French
The <application>GRUB</application> package provides GRand Unified Bootloader. In this page it will be built with UEFI support, which is not enabled for GRUB built in LFS.
Le paquet <application>Grub</application> contient un chargeur de démarrage, le <foreignphrase>GRand Unified Bootloader</foreignphrase>. Dans cette page il sera construit avec la prise en charge d'UEFI, qui n'était pas activée dans le GRUB construit dans LFS.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_config_profile — French
For more information on the escape sequences you can use for your prompt (i.e., the <envar>PS1</envar> environment variable) see <command>info bash</command> -- <emphasis role="strong">Node: Printing a Prompt</emphasis>.
Pour plus d'informations sur les séquences d'échappement que vous pouvez utiliser pour votre invite (à savoir la variable d'environnement <envar>PS1</envar>) voir <command>info bash</command> -- <emphasis role="strong">Node: Printing a Prompt</emphasis>.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_prog_gitserver — French
<userinput>groupadd -g &gitgid; git &amp;&amp;
useradd -c "git Owner" -d /home/git -m -g git -s /usr/bin/git-shell -u &gituid; git &amp;&amp;
sed -i '/^git:/s/^git:[^:]:/git:NP:/' /etc/shadow</userinput>
<userinput>groupadd -g &gitgid; git &amp;&amp;
useradd -c "git Owner" -d /home/git -m -g git -s /usr/bin/git-shell -u &gituid; git &amp;&amp;
sed -i '/^git:/s/^git:[^:]:/git:NP:/' /etc/shadow</userinput>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_config_profile — French
<?dbfo keep-together="auto"?><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/profile &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin /etc/profile
# Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
# by James Robertson &lt;jameswrobertson@earthlink.net&gt;
# modifications by Dagmar d'Surreal &lt;rivyqntzne@pbzpnfg.arg&gt;

# System wide environment variables and startup programs.

# System wide aliases and functions should go in /etc/bashrc. Personal
# environment variables and startup programs should go into
# ~/.bash_profile. Personal aliases and functions should go into
# ~/.bashrc.

# Functions to help us manage paths. Second argument is the name of the
# path variable to be modified (default: PATH)
pathremove () {
local IFS=':'
local NEWPATH
local DIR
local PATHVARIABLE=${2:-PATH}
for DIR in ${!PATHVARIABLE} ; do
if [ "$DIR" != "$1" ] ; then
NEWPATH=${NEWPATH:+$NEWPATH:}$DIR
fi
done
export $PATHVARIABLE="$NEWPATH"
}

pathprepend () {
pathremove $1 $2
local PATHVARIABLE=${2:-PATH}
export $PATHVARIABLE="$1${!PATHVARIABLE:+:${!PATHVARIABLE}}"
}

pathappend () {
pathremove $1 $2
local PATHVARIABLE=${2:-PATH}
export $PATHVARIABLE="${!PATHVARIABLE:+${!PATHVARIABLE}:}$1"
}

export -f pathremove pathprepend pathappend

# Set the initial path
export PATH=/usr/bin

# Attempt to provide backward compatibility with LFS earlier than 11
if [ ! -L /bin ]; then
pathappend /bin
fi

if [ $EUID -eq 0 ] ; then
pathappend /usr/sbin
if [ ! -L /sbin ]; then
pathappend /sbin
fi
unset HISTFILE
fi

# Set up some environment variables.
export HISTSIZE=1000
export HISTIGNORE="&amp;:[bf]g:exit"

# Set some defaults for graphical systems
export XDG_DATA_DIRS=${XDG_DATA_DIRS:-/usr/share}
export XDG_CONFIG_DIRS=${XDG_CONFIG_DIRS:-/etc/xdg}
export XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR:-/tmp/xdg-$USER}

# Set up a red prompt for root and a green one for users.
NORMAL="\[\e[0m\]"
RED="\[\e[1;31m\]"
GREEN="\[\e[1;32m\]"
if [[ $EUID == 0 ]] ; then
PS1="$RED\u [ $NORMAL\w$RED ]# $NORMAL"
else
PS1="$GREEN\u [ $NORMAL\w$GREEN ]\$ $NORMAL"
fi

for script in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
if [ -r $script ] ; then
. $script
fi
done

unset script RED GREEN NORMAL

# End /etc/profile</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<?dbfo keep-together="auto"?><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/profile &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Début de /etc/profile
# Écrit pour Beyond Linux From Scratch
# par James Robertson &lt;jameswrobertson@earthlink.net&gt;
# modifications de Dagmar d'Surreal &lt;rivyqntzne@pbzpnfg.arg&gt;

# Variables d'environnement du système et programmes de démarrage.

# Les alias et les fonctions du système devraient aller dans /etc/bashrc. Les variables
# d'environnement et les programmes personnels devraient aller dans
# ~/.bash_profile. Les alias et fonctions personnels devraient aller dans
# ~/.bashrc.

# Fonctions pour aider à gérer les chemins de recherche. Le second argument est le nom de
# la variable de chemin à modifier (par défaut : PATH)
pathremove () {
local IFS=':'
local NEWPATH
local DIR
local PATHVARIABLE=${2:-PATH}
for DIR in ${!PATHVARIABLE} ; do
if [ "$DIR" != "$1" ] ; then
NEWPATH=${NEWPATH:+$NEWPATH:}$DIR
fi
done
export $PATHVARIABLE="$NEWPATH"
}

pathprepend () {
pathremove $1 $2
local PATHVARIABLE=${2:-PATH}
export $PATHVARIABLE="$1${!PATHVARIABLE:+:${!PATHVARIABLE}}"
}

pathappend () {
pathremove $1 $2
local PATHVARIABLE=${2:-PATH}
export $PATHVARIABLE="${!PATHVARIABLE:+${!PATHVARIABLE}:}$1"
}

export -f pathremove pathprepend pathappend

# Indique le chemin de recherche
export PATH=/usr/bin

# Tentative de rétro-compatibilité avec LFS inférieur à 11
if [ ! -L /bin ]; then
pathappend /bin
fi

if [ $EUID -eq 0 ] ; then
pathappend /usr/sbin
if [ ! -L /sbin ]; then
pathappend /sbin
fi
unset HISTFILE
fi

# Mise en place de certaines variables d'environnement.
export HISTSIZE=1000
export HISTIGNORE="&amp;:[bf]g:exit"

# Set some defaults for graphical systems
export XDG_DATA_DIRS=${XDG_DATA_DIRS:-/usr/share}
export XDG_CONFIG_DIRS=${XDG_CONFIG_DIRS:-/etc/xdg}
export XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR:-/tmp/xdg-$USER}

# Mise en place d'une invite rouge pour root et verte pour les utilisateurs.
NORMAL="\[\e[0m\]"
RED="\[\e[1;31m\]"
GREEN="\[\e[1;32m\]"
if [[ $EUID == 0 ]] ; then
PS1="$RED\u [ $NORMAL\w$RED ]# $NORMAL"
else
PS1="$GREEN\u [ $NORMAL\w$GREEN ]\$ $NORMAL"
fi

for script in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
if [ -r $script ] ; then
. $script
fi
done

unset script RED GREEN NORMAL

# Fin de /etc/profile</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/xsoft_other_gimp — French
The <application>Gimp</application> package contains the GNU Image Manipulation Program which is useful for photo retouching, image composition and image authoring.
Le paquet <application>Gimp</application> contient le <foreignphrase>GNU Image Manipulation Program</foreignphrase> qui est utilisé pour retoucher des photos, créer des images et mettre un nom sur une image.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/introduction_welcome_conventions — English
<userinput>cat &gt; $LFS/etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:
bin:x:1:
......</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; $LFS/etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>root:x:0:
bin:x:1:
......</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_config_skel — English
You will run a slightly modified set of commands for files which are placed in <filename class="directory">/etc/skel</filename>. Each section will remind you of this. In brief, the book's commands have been written for files <emphasis>not</emphasis> added to <filename class="directory"> /etc/skel</filename> and instead just sends the results to the user's home directory. If the file is going to be in <filename class="directory"> /etc/skel</filename>, change the book's command(s) to send output there instead and then just copy the file from <filename class="directory"> /etc/skel</filename> to the appropriate directories, like <filename class="directory">/etc</filename>, <filename class="directory">~ </filename> or the home directory of any other user already in the system.
You will run a slightly modified set of commands for files which are placed in <filename class="directory">/etc/skel</filename>. Each section will remind you of this. In brief, the book's commands have been written for files <emphasis>not</emphasis> added to <filename class="directory"> /etc/skel</filename> and instead just sends the results to the user's home directory. If the file is going to be in <filename class="directory"> /etc/skel</filename>, change the book's command(s) to send output there instead and then just copy the file from <filename class="directory"> /etc/skel</filename> to the appropriate directories, like <filename class="directory">/etc</filename>, <filename class="directory">~ </filename> or the home directory of any other user already in the system.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/introduction_welcome_conventions — French
This style is mainly used when creating configuration files. The first command (in bold) tells the system to create the file <filename>$LFS/etc/group</filename> from whatever is typed on the following lines, until the sequence EOF is encountered. Therefore, this whole section is usually typed exactly as shown. Remember, copy and paste is your friend!
Ce format est utilisé principalement lors de la création de fichiers de configuration. La première commande (en gras) indique au système de créer le fichier <filename>$LFS/etc/group</filename> à partir de ce qui est saisi sur les lignes suivantes, jusqu'à ce que la séquence de fin de fichier (<foreignphrase>End Of File</foreignphrase>, EOF) soit rencontrée. Donc, vous recopierez généralement cette section entière tel quel. Rappelez-vous que le copier-coller est votre ami&nbsp;!
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/x_installing_xorg-config — French
<literal>(II) modeset(0): [DRI2] Setup complete
(II) modeset(0): [DRI2] DRI driver: crocus
(II) modeset(0): [DRI2] VDPAU driver: va_gl</literal>
<literal>(II) modeset(0): [DRI2] Setup complete
(II) modeset(0): [DRI2] DRI driver: crocus
(II) modeset(0): [DRI2] VDPAU driver: va_gl</literal>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_filesystems_aboutlvm — French
Next create a volume group named lfs-lvm:
Ensuite créez un groupe de volume appelé lfs-lvm:
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/appendices_creat-comm — French
"License Elements" means the following high-level license attributes as selected by Licensor and indicated in the title of this License: Attribution, Noncommercial, ShareAlike.
"License Elements" means the following high-level license attributes as selected by Licensor and indicated in the title of this License: Attribution, Noncommercial, ShareAlike.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_filesystems_aboutraid — French
<literal>Partition Size Type Use
sda1: 100 MB fd Linux raid auto /boot (RAID 1) /dev/md0
sda2: 10 GB fd Linux raid auto / (RAID 1) /dev/md1
sda3: 2 GB 83 Linux swap swap
sda4 300 GB fd Linux raid auto /home (RAID 5) /dev/md2

sdb1: 100 MB fd Linux raid auto /boot (RAID 1) /dev/md0
sdb2: 10 GB fd Linux raid auto / (RAID 1) /dev/md1
sdb3: 2 GB 83 Linux swap swap
sdb4 300 GB fd Linux raid auto /home (RAID 5) /dev/md2

sdc1: 12 GB fd Linux raid auto /usr/src (RAID 0) /dev/md3
sdc2: 300 GB fd Linux raid auto /home (RAID 5) /dev/md2

sdd1: 12 GB fd Linux raid auto /usr/src (RAID 0) /dev/md3
sdd2: 300 GB fd Linux raid auto /home (RAID 5) /dev/md2 </literal>
<literal>Partition Size Type Use
sda1: 100 MB fd Linux raid auto /boot (RAID 1) /dev/md0
sda2: 10 GB fd Linux raid auto / (RAID 1) /dev/md1
sda3: 2 GB 83 Linux swap swap
sda4 300 GB fd Linux raid auto /home (RAID 5) /dev/md2

sdb1: 100 MB fd Linux raid auto /boot (RAID 1) /dev/md0
sdb2: 10 GB fd Linux raid auto / (RAID 1) /dev/md1
sdb3: 2 GB 83 Linux swap swap
sdb4 300 GB fd Linux raid auto /home (RAID 5) /dev/md2

sdc1: 12 GB fd Linux raid auto /usr/src (RAID 0) /dev/md3
sdc2: 300 GB fd Linux raid auto /home (RAID 5) /dev/md2

sdd1: 12 GB fd Linux raid auto /usr/src (RAID 0) /dev/md3
sdd2: 300 GB fd Linux raid auto /home (RAID 5) /dev/md2 </literal>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_filesystems_uefi-bootloaders_grub-setup — French
<userinput>fdisk /dev/sdx</userinput>
<literal>
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.39.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): </literal><userinput>t</userinput>
<literal>Partition number (1-9, default 9): </literal><userinput>1</userinput>
<literal>Partition type or alias (type L to list all): </literal><userinput>uefi</userinput>
<literal>Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'EFI System'.

Command (m for help): </literal><userinput>w</userinput>
<literal>The partition table has been altered.
Syncing disks.</literal>
<userinput>fdisk /dev/sdx</userinput>
<literal>
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.39.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): </literal><userinput>t</userinput>
<literal>Partition number (1-9, default 9): </literal><userinput>1</userinput>
<literal>Partition type or alias (type L to list all): </literal><userinput>uefi</userinput>
<literal>Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'EFI System'.

Command (m for help): </literal><userinput>w</userinput>
<literal>The partition table has been altered.
Syncing disks.</literal>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/multimedia_libdriv_libcddb — French
<userinput>sed -e '/DEFAULT_SERVER/s/freedb.org/gnudb.gnudb.org/' \
-e '/DEFAULT_PORT/s/888/&amp;0/' \
-i include/cddb/cddb_ni.h &amp;&amp;
sed '/^Genre:/s/Trip-Hop/Electronic/' -i tests/testdata/920ef00b.txt &amp;&amp;
sed '/DISCID/i# Revision: 42' -i tests/testcache/misc/12340000</userinput>
<userinput>sed -e '/DEFAULT_SERVER/s/freedb.org/gnudb.gnudb.org/' \
-e '/DEFAULT_PORT/s/888/&amp;0/' \
-i include/cddb/cddb_ni.h &amp;&amp;
sed '/^Genre:/s/Trip-Hop/Electronic/' -i tests/testdata/920ef00b.txt &amp;&amp;
sed '/DISCID/i# Revision: 42' -i tests/testcache/misc/12340000</userinput>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/appendices_creat-comm — French
License Grant. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License, Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, perpetual (for the duration of the applicable copyright) license to exercise the rights in the Work as stated below:
License Grant. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License, Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, perpetual (for the duration of the applicable copyright) license to exercise the rights in the Work as stated below:
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_prog_mercurial — English
<xref linkend="docutils"/> (required to build the documentation), <xref linkend="git"/>, <xref linkend="gpgme"/> (with Python bindings), <xref role="runtime" linkend="openssh"/> (runtime, to access ssh://... repositories), <xref linkend="pygments"/>, <xref linkend="rust"/> (see <filename>rust/README.rst</filename> and <filename>rust/rhg/README.md</filename>), <xref linkend="subversion"/> (with Python bindings), <ulink url="https://launchpad.net/bzr">Bazaar</ulink>, <ulink url="https://www.nongnu.org/cvs/">CVS</ulink>, <ulink url="https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pyflakes">pyflakes</ulink>, <ulink url="https://www.pyopenssl.org/en/stable/">pyOpenSSL</ulink>, and <ulink url="https://github.com/google/re2/">re2</ulink>
<xref linkend="docutils"/> (required to build the documentation), <xref linkend="git"/>, <xref linkend="gpgme"/> (with Python bindings), <xref role="runtime" linkend="openssh"/> (runtime, to access ssh://... repositories), <xref linkend="pygments"/>, <xref linkend="rust"/> (see <filename>rust/README.rst</filename> and <filename>rust/rhg/README.md</filename>), <xref linkend="subversion"/> (with Python bindings), <ulink url="https://launchpad.net/bzr">Bazaar</ulink>, <ulink url="https://www.nongnu.org/cvs/">CVS</ulink>, <ulink url="https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pyflakes">pyflakes</ulink>, <ulink url="https://www.pyopenssl.org/en/stable/">pyOpenSSL</ulink>, and <ulink url="https://github.com/google/re2/">re2</ulink>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_prog_python-modules_docutils — French
<userinput>for f in /usr/bin/rst*.py; do
rm -fv /usr/bin/$(basename $f .py)
done</userinput>
<userinput>for f in /usr/bin/rst*.py; do
rm -fv /usr/bin/$(basename $f .py)
done</userinput>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_sysutils_pax — English
Install pax by running the following commands:.
Install pax by running the following commands:.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_sysutils_pax — French
Install pax by running the following commands:.
Installez pax en exécutant les commandes suivantes&nbsp;:
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/x_installing_xorg-config — French
<computeroutput>name of display: :0
display: :0 screen: 0
direct rendering: Yes</computeroutput>
<computeroutput>name of display: :0
display: :0 screen: 0
direct rendering: Yes</computeroutput>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/appendices_creat-comm — French
to reproduce the Work, to incorporate the Work into one or more Collective Works, and to reproduce the Work as incorporated in the Collective Works;
to reproduce the Work, to incorporate the Work into one or more Collective Works, and to reproduce the Work as incorporated in the Collective Works;
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/xsoft_graphweb_firefox — French
tar: .: Cannot utime: Operation not permitted
tar: .: Cannot change mode to rwxr-xr-t: Operation not permitted
tar: Exiting with failure status due to previous errors
tar: .: Cannot utime: Operation not permitted
tar: .: Cannot change mode to rwxr-xr-t: Operation not permitted
tar: Exiting with failure status due to previous errors
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_config_firmware — French
There were two ways of loading the microcode, described as 'early' and 'late'. Early loading happens before userspace has been started, late loading happens after userspace has started. However, late loading is known to be problematic and not supported anymore (see the kernel commit <ulink url="https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=d23d33e"> x86/microcode: Taint and warn on late loading</ulink>). Indeed, early loading is needed to work around one particular erratum in early Intel Haswell processors which had TSX enabled. (See <ulink url= "https://www.anandtech.com/show/8376/intel-disables-tsx-instructions-erratum-found-in-haswell-haswelleep-broadwelly/"> Intel Disables TSX Instructions: Erratum Found in Haswell, Haswell-E/EP, Broadwell-Y</ulink>.) Without this update glibc can do the wrong thing in uncommon situations.
Il y avait deux façons de charger le microcode, décrites comme «&nbsp;au plus tôt&nbsp;» et «&nbsp;au plus tard&nbsp;». Le chargement «&nbsp;au plus tôt&nbsp;» arrive avant que l'espace utilisateur ne démarre, le chargement «&nbsp;au plus tard&nbsp;» arrive quand l'espace utilisateur est démarré. Cependant, le chargement au plus tard est problématique et n'est plus pris en charge (voir l commit du noyau noté <ulink url="https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=d23d33e">x86/microcode: Taint and warn on late loading</ulink>). En effet, il est nécessaire de contourner une erreur particulière dans les premiers processeurs Intel Haswell qui ont le TSX d'activé. (Voir <ulink url= "https://www.anandtech.com/show/8376/intel-disables-tsx-instructions-erratum-found-in-haswell-haswelleep-broadwelly/">Intel Disables TSX Instructions: Erratum Found in Haswell, Haswell-E/EP, Broadwell-Y</ulink>). Sans cette mise à jour glibc peut produire des erreurs dans des situations particulières.
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/appendices_creat-comm — French
to create and reproduce Derivative Works;
to create and reproduce Derivative Works;
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_security_tripwire — French
<userinput>sed -e '/^CLOBBER/s/false/true/' \
-e 's|TWDB="${prefix}|TWDB="/var|' \
-e '/TWMAN/ s|${prefix}|/usr/share|' \
-e '/TWDOCS/s|${prefix}/doc/tripwire|/usr/share/doc/tripwire-&tripwire-version;|' \
-i installer/install.cfg &amp;&amp;

find . -name Makefile.am | xargs \
sed -i 's/^[[:alpha:]_]*_HEADERS.*=/noinst_HEADERS =/' &amp;&amp;

sed '/dist/d' -i man/man?/Makefile.am &amp;&amp;
autoreconf -fi &amp;&amp;

./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc/tripwire &amp;&amp;
make CPPFLAGS=-std=c++11</userinput>
<userinput>sed -e '/^CLOBBER/s/false/true/' \
-e 's|TWDB="${prefix}|TWDB="/var|' \
-e '/TWMAN/ s|${prefix}|/usr/share|' \
-e '/TWDOCS/s|${prefix}/doc/tripwire|/usr/share/doc/tripwire-&tripwire-version;|' \
-i installer/install.cfg &amp;&amp;

find . -name Makefile.am | xargs \
sed -i 's/^[[:alpha:]_]*_HEADERS.*=/noinst_HEADERS =/' &amp;&amp;

sed '/dist/d' -i man/man?/Makefile.am &amp;&amp;
autoreconf -fi &amp;&amp;

./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc/tripwire &amp;&amp;
make CPPFLAGS=-std=c++11</userinput>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_security_sudo — French
<userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr \
--libexecdir=/usr/lib \
--with-secure-path \
--with-env-editor \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/sudo-&sudo-version; \
--with-passprompt="[sudo] password for %p: " &amp;&amp;
make</userinput>
<userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr \
--libexecdir=/usr/lib \
--with-secure-path \
--with-env-editor \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/sudo-&sudo-version; \
--with-passprompt="[sudo] password for %p: " &amp;&amp;
make</userinput>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/postlfs_config_profile — French
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh
# Import bash completion scripts

# If the bash-completion package is installed, use its configuration instead
if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then

# Check for interactive bash and that we haven't already been sourced.
if [ -n "${BASH_VERSION-}" -a -n "${PS1-}" -a -z "${BASH_COMPLETION_VERSINFO-}" ]; then

# Check for recent enough version of bash.
if [ ${BASH_VERSINFO[0]} -gt 4 ] || \
[ ${BASH_VERSINFO[0]} -eq 4 -a ${BASH_VERSINFO[1]} -ge 1 ]; then
[ -r "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-$HOME/.config}/bash_completion" ] &amp;&amp; \
. "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-$HOME/.config}/bash_completion"
if shopt -q progcomp &amp;&amp; [ -r /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then
# Source completion code.
. /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
fi
fi
fi

else

# bash-completions are not installed, use only bash completion directory
if shopt -q progcomp; then
for script in /etc/bash_completion.d/* ; do
if [ -r $script ] ; then
. $script
fi
done
fi
fi

# End /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh
# Import bash completion scripts

# If the bash-completion package is installed, use its configuration instead
if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then

# Check for interactive bash and that we haven't already been sourced.
if [ -n "${BASH_VERSION-}" -a -n "${PS1-}" -a -z "${BASH_COMPLETION_VERSINFO-}" ]; then

# Check for recent enough version of bash.
if [ ${BASH_VERSINFO[0]} -gt 4 ] || \
[ ${BASH_VERSINFO[0]} -eq 4 -a ${BASH_VERSINFO[1]} -ge 1 ]; then
[ -r "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-$HOME/.config}/bash_completion" ] &amp;&amp; \
. "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-$HOME/.config}/bash_completion"
if shopt -q progcomp &amp;&amp; [ -r /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then
# Source completion code.
. /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
fi
fi
fi

else

# bash-completions are not installed, use only bash completion directory
if shopt -q progcomp; then
for script in /etc/bash_completion.d/* ; do
if [ -r $script ] ; then
. $script
fi
done
fi
fi

# End /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/lxqt_desktop_post-install — English
The X session starts on the first unused virtual terminal, normally vt1. You can switch to another vt<emphasis>n</emphasis> by simultaneously pressing the keys Ctrl-Alt-F<emphasis>n</emphasis> (<emphasis>n</emphasis>=2, 3, ...). To switch back to the X session, normally started at vt1, use Ctrl-Alt-F1. The vt where the command <command>startx</command> was executed will display many messages, including X starting messages, applications automatically started with the session, and eventually, some warning and error messages, but these are hidden by the graphical interface. You may prefer to redirect those messages to a log file, which can be used for debugging purposes. This can be done starting X with:
The X session starts on the first unused virtual terminal, normally vt1. You can switch to another vt<emphasis>n</emphasis> by simultaneously pressing the keys Ctrl-Alt-F<emphasis>n</emphasis> (<emphasis>n</emphasis>=2, 3, ...). To switch back to the X session, normally started at vt1, use Ctrl-Alt-F1. The vt where the command <command>startx</command> was executed will display many messages, including X starting messages, applications automatically started with the session, and eventually, some warning and error messages, but these are hidden by the graphical interface. You may prefer to redirect those messages to a log file, which can be used for debugging purposes. This can be done starting X with:
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/appendices_creat-comm — French
to distribute copies or phonorecords of, display publicly, perform publicly, and perform publicly by means of a digital audio transmission the Work including as incorporated in Collective Works;
to distribute copies or phonorecords of, display publicly, perform publicly, and perform publicly by means of a digital audio transmission the Work including as incorporated in Collective Works;
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_genutils_asciidoctor — French
fatal: not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): .git
fatal: not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): .git
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_prog_lua52 — French
<userinput>cat &gt; lua.pc &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>V=5.2
R=&lua52-version;

prefix=/usr
INSTALL_BIN=${prefix}/bin
INSTALL_INC=${prefix}/include/lua5.2
INSTALL_LIB=${prefix}/lib
INSTALL_MAN=${prefix}/share/man/man1
INSTALL_LMOD=${prefix}/share/lua/${V}
INSTALL_CMOD=${prefix}/lib/lua/${V}
exec_prefix=${prefix}
libdir=${exec_prefix}/lib
includedir=${prefix}/include/lua5.2

Name: Lua
Description: An Extensible Extension Language
Version: ${R}
Requires:
Libs: -L${libdir} -llua5.2 -lm -ldl
Cflags: -I${includedir}</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; lua.pc &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>V=5.2
R=&lua52-version;

prefix=/usr
INSTALL_BIN=${prefix}/bin
INSTALL_INC=${prefix}/include/lua5.2
INSTALL_LIB=${prefix}/lib
INSTALL_MAN=${prefix}/share/man/man1
INSTALL_LMOD=${prefix}/share/lua/${V}
INSTALL_CMOD=${prefix}/lib/lua/${V}
exec_prefix=${prefix}
libdir=${exec_prefix}/lib
includedir=${prefix}/include/lua5.2

Name: Lua
Description: An Extensible Extension Language
Version: ${R}
Requires:
Libs: -L${libdir} -llua5.2 -lm -ldl
Cflags: -I${includedir}</literal>
EOF</userinput>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_prog_python-modules_psutil — French
<userinput>mkdir empty &amp;&amp;
(cd empty; python3 -m psutil.tests)</userinput>
<userinput>mkdir empty &amp;&amp;
(cd empty; python3 -m psutil.tests)</userinput>
Beyond Linux From Scratch 12.2/general_sysutils_pciutils — French
<userinput>sed -r '/INSTALL/{/PCI_IDS|update-pciids /d; s/update-pciids.8//}' \
-i Makefile</userinput>
<userinput>sed -r '/INSTALL/{/PCI_IDS|update-pciids /d; s/update-pciids.8//}' \
-i Makefile</userinput>