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Chinese (Simplified Han script) 62% 11 701 5,695 5 5 0 0
French 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Portuguese (Brazil) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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Project website www.linuxfromscratch.org
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Source code repository git@git.linuxfromscratch.org:fr-lfs
Repository branch 12.1
Last remote commit Add pt_BR translation e751a3b16e
Julien Lepiller authored 6 months ago
Weblate repository https://translate.linuxfromscratch.org/git/linux-from-scratch-12-1/index/
File mask lfs/*/chapter10/grub.po
an hour ago

String statistics

Strings percent Hosted strings Words percent Hosted words Characters percent Hosted characters
Total 116 4,492 34,484
Source 29 1,123 8,621
Translated 90% 105 84% 3,791 83% 28,789
Needs editing 5% 6 7% 336 7% 2,614
Read-only 25% 29 25% 1,123 25% 8,621
Failing checks 5% 6 4% 199 4% 1,611
Strings with suggestions 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0
Untranslated strings 4% 5 8% 365 8% 3,081
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Alert triggered
Repository has changes. 6 months ago
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Resource updated
File “lfs/zh_CN/chapter10/grub.po” was added. 8 months ago
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String updated in the repository
There is a command, <application>grub-mkconfig</application>, that can write a configuration file automatically. It uses a set of scripts in /etc/grub.d/ and will destroy any customizations that you make. These scripts are designed primarily for non-source distributions and are not recommended for LFS. If you install a commercial Linux distribution, there is a good chance that this program will be run. Be sure to back up your grub.cfg file.
有一个命令 <application>grub-mkconfig</application> 被用于自动创建配置文件。它使用 /etc/grub.d 中的脚本创建新配置文件，这会覆盖您手动编写的 grub.cfg。这些脚本主要是为非源代码发行版设计的，在 LFS 中不推荐使用。但是，如果您安装了商业发行版，它很可能在发行版中被运行，记得备份 grub.cfg 以防它被覆盖。
8 months ago
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GRUB is an extremely powerful program and it provides a tremendous number of options for booting from a wide variety of devices, operating systems, and partition types. There are also many options for customization such as graphical splash screens, playing sounds, mouse input, etc. The details of these options are beyond the scope of this introduction.
GRUB 是一个很强大的程序，它提供了非常多的选项，可以支持多种设备、操作系统和分区类型，还有很多用于定制启动屏幕、声音、鼠标输入等的选项。这些选项的细节超过了本书的范围，不予讨论。
8 months ago
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The name of the device node for a partition in <filename class='directory'>/dev</filename> may also change (this is less likely than a GRUB designator change). You can also replace paths to device nodes like <literal>/dev/sda1</literal> with <literal>PARTUUID=<replaceable>&lt;partition UUID&gt;</replaceable></literal>, in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>, to avoid a potential boot failure in case the device node name has changed.
 
8 months ago
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Note that the UUID of a partition is completely different from the UUID of the filesystem in this partition. Some online resources may instruct you to use <literal>root=UUID=<replaceable>&lt;filesystem UUID&gt;</replaceable></literal> instead of <literal>root=PARTUUID=<replaceable>&lt;partition UUID&gt;</replaceable></literal>, but doing so will require an initramfs, which is beyond the scope of LFS.
 
8 months ago
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The GRUB designator for a partition may change if you added or removed some disks (including removable disks like USB thumb devices). The change may cause boot failure because <filename>grub.cfg</filename> refers to some <quote>old</quote> designators. If you wish to avoid such a problem, you may use the UUID of a partition and the UUID of a filesystem instead of a GRUB designator to specify a device. Run <command>lsblk -o UUID,PARTUUID,PATH,MOUNTPOINT</command> to show the UUIDs of your filesystems (in the <literal>UUID</literal> column) and partitions (in the <literal>PARTUUID</literal> column). Then replace <literal>set root=(hdx,y)</literal> with <literal>search --set=root --fs-uuid <replaceable>&lt;UUID of the filesystem where the kernel is installed&gt;</replaceable></literal>, and replace <literal>root=/dev/sda2</literal> with <literal>root=PARTUUID=<replaceable>&lt;UUID of the partition where LFS is built&gt;</replaceable></literal>.
 
8 months ago
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From <application>GRUB</application>'s perspective, the kernel files are relative to the partition used. If you used a separate /boot partition, remove /boot from the above <emphasis>linux</emphasis> line. You will also need to change the <emphasis>set root</emphasis> line to point to the boot partition.
从 <application>GRUB</application>的视角来看，内核文件的位置相对于它使用的分区。如果您使用了单独的 /boot 分区，需要从上面的 <emphasis>linux</emphasis> 行删除 /boot，然后修改 <emphasis>set root</emphasis> 行，指向 /boot 分区。
8 months ago
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The <command>insmod</command> commands load the <application>GRUB</application> modules named <filename>part_gpt</filename> and <filename>ext2</filename>. Despite the naming, <filename>ext2</filename> actually supports <systemitem class='filesystem'>ext2</systemitem>, <systemitem class='filesystem'>ext3</systemitem>, and <systemitem class='filesystem'>ext4</systemitem> filesystems. The <command>grub-install</command> command has embedded some modules into the main <application>GRUB</application> image (installed into the MBR or the GRUB BIOS partition) to access the other modules (in <filename class='directory'>/boot/grub/i386-pc</filename>) without a chicken-or-egg issue, so with a typical configuration these two modules are already embedded and those two <command>insmod</command> commands will do nothing. But they do no harm anyway, and they may be needed with some rare configurations.
 
8 months ago
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<userinput>cat &gt; /boot/grub/grub.cfg &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin /boot/grub/grub.cfg
set default=0
set timeout=5

insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
set root=(hd0,2)

menuentry "GNU/Linux, Linux &linux-version;-lfs-&version;" {
linux /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&version; root=/dev/sda2 ro
}</literal>
EOF</userinput>
<userinput>cat &gt; /boot/grub/grub.cfg &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin /boot/grub/grub.cfg
set default=0
set timeout=5

insmod ext2
set root=(hd0,2)

menuentry "GNU/Linux, Linux &linux-version;-lfs-&version;" {
linux /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&version; root=/dev/sda2 ro
}</literal>
EOF</userinput>
8 months ago
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