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Project website www.linuxfromscratch.org
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Source code repository git@git.linuxfromscratch.org:fr-lfs
Repository branch 12.1
Last remote commit Add pt_BR translation e751a3b16e
Julien Lepiller authored 6 months ago
Last commit in Weblate Translated using Weblate (Portuguese (Brazil)) 75579e8588
User avatar jamenson authored 5 months ago
Weblate repository https://translate.linuxfromscratch.org/git/linux-from-scratch-12-1/index/
File mask blfs/*/introduction/important/building-notes.po
Translation file Not available
Last change March 4, 2024, 7:58 a.m.
Last author None
11 days ago

String statistics

Strings percent Hosted strings Words percent Hosted words Characters percent Hosted characters
Total 183 6,920 48,694
Translated 100% 183 100% 6,920 100% 48,694
Needs editing 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0
Read-only 100% 183 100% 6,920 100% 48,694
Failing checks 2% 4 5% 396 5% 2,825
Strings with suggestions 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0
Untranslated strings 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0
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User avatar None

Source string added
Whilst gcc has many hardening options, clang/LLVM's strengths lie elsewhere. Some options which gcc provides are said to be less effective in clang/LLVM.
8 months ago
User avatar None

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The main distros use much more, such as RELRO (Relocation Read Only) and perhaps <option>-fstack-clash-protection</option>. You may also encounter the so-called <quote>userspace retpoline</quote> (<option>-mindirect-branch=thunk</option> etc.) which is the equivalent of the spectre mitigations applied to the linux kernel in late 2018. The kernel mitigations caused a lot of complaints about lost performance, if you have a production server you might wish to consider testing that, along with the other available options, to see if performance is still sufficient.
8 months ago
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For hardening options which are reasonably cheap, there is some discussion in the 'tuning' link above (occasionally, one or more of these options might be inappropriate for a package). These options are <option>-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2</option> (or <option>-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3</option> which is more secure but with a larger performance overhead) and (for C++) <option>-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS</option>. On modern machines these should only have a little impact on how fast things run, and often they will not be noticeable.
8 months ago
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In the past, there was Hardened LFS where gcc (a much older version) was forced to use hardening (with options to turn some of it off on a per-package basis). The current LFS and BLFS books are carrying forward a part of its spirit by enabling PIE (<option>-fPIE -pie</option>) and SSP (<option>-fstack-protector-strong</option>) as the defaults for GCC and clang. What is being covered here is different - first you have to make sure that the package is indeed using your added flags and not over-riding them.
8 months ago
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Even on desktop systems, there are still a lot of exploitable vulnerabilities. For many of these, the attack comes via javascript in a browser. Often, a series of vulnerabilities are used to gain access to data (or sometimes to pwn, i.e. own, the machine and install rootkits). Most commercial distros will apply various hardening measures.
8 months ago
User avatar None

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Options for hardening the build
8 months ago
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The <option>-Wl,</option> prefix is necessary because despite the variable is named <envar>LDFLAGS</envar>, its content is actually passed to <command>gcc</command> (or <command>g++</command>, <command>clang</command>, etc.) during the link stage, not directly passed to <command>ld</command>.
8 months ago
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With <option>-Wl,-z,pack-relative-relocs</option>, the linker generates a more compacted form of the relative relocation entries for PIEs and shared libraries. It reduces the size of the linked PIE or shared library, and speeds up the loading of the PIE or shared library.
8 months ago
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With <option>-Wl,--as-needed</option>, the linker will disregard unnecessary <option>-l<replaceable>foo</replaceable></option> options from the command line, i. e. the shared library <systemitem class='library'>lib<replaceable>foo</replaceable></systemitem> will only be linked if a symbol in <systemitem class='library'>lib<replaceable>foo</replaceable></systemitem> is really referred from the executable or shared library being linked. This can sometimes mitigate the <quote>excessive dependencies to shared libraries</quote> issues caused by <application>libtool</application>.
8 months ago
User avatar None

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With <option>-Wl,-O1</option>, the linker will optimize the hash table to speed up the dynamic linking. Note that <option>-Wl,-O1</option> is completely unrelated to the compiler optimization flag <option>-O1</option>.
8 months ago
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